Derek Chauvin Explained

Image Caption:Mugshot of Chauvin from April 2021
Birth Name:Derek Michael Chauvin
Birth Date:19 March 1976
Birth Place:Oakdale, Minnesota, U.S.
Education:Dakota County Technical College
Alma Mater:Metropolitan State University (BS)
Known For:Murder of George Floyd
Trial:Trial of Derek Chauvin
Conviction Status:Incarcerated at FCI Big Spring[1]
Country:United States
States:Minnesota
Apprehended:May 29, 2020
Imprisoned:FCI Big Spring
Module:
Embed:yes
Serviceyears:2001–2020
Embed:yes
Branch: (reserve)
Branch Label:Branch
Serviceyears Label:Years
Serviceyears:1996–2004

Derek Michael Chauvin (; born March 19, 1976) is an American former police officer who murdered George Floyd, a 46-year-old African-American man, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. On May 25, 2020, Chauvin knelt on Floyd's neck for about nine minutes while Floyd was handcuffed and lying face down on the street, calling out "I can't breathe," during an arrest made with three other officers. Chauvin was dismissed by the Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) on May 26 and arrested on May 29. The murder set off a series of protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul, across the United States and around the world.

Chauvin was a member of the Minneapolis Police Department from 2001 to 2020. In his career, Chauvin had 18 complaints against him in his official record and was involved in three police shootings, one of which was fatal. He received two letters of reprimand for misconduct.[2] He received two medals of valor and two commendation medals during his career.

In early 2021, Chauvin was put on trial for unintentional second-degree murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter of Floyd before a jury in the Minnesota Fourth Judicial District Court. On April 20, he was convicted on all of the charges. On June 25, he was sentenced to years in prison (with credit given for 199 days time served), with the possibility of supervised release after 15 years (two thirds of his sentence) contingent on factors such as good behavior.[3] [4] [5] Requests to the Minnesota Supreme Court and Supreme Court of the United States for review were denied.

Chauvin pleaded guilty in late 2021 to federal charges of violating Floyd's civil rights by using unreasonable force and ignoring Floyd's serious medical needs. Simultaneously, Chauvin pleaded guilty to violating a 14-year-old boy's civil rights in 2017 by using unreasonable force. In mid-2022, Chauvin was sentenced to 21 years in prison for violating Floyd's civil rights.[6] The federal and state sentences are to run concurrently.[7] The Minnesota Department of Corrections lists Chauvin's anticipated release date on the state sentence as December 10, 2035.[8] For the federal charges, Chauvin will likely be released from prison in the year 2038.[9] Chauvin filed a motion in federal court in mid-November 2023 attempting to vacate his guilty plea.

After the conclusion of the criminal and civil rights cases, Chauvin was transferred in August 2022 from Oak Park Heights prison in Minnesota to FCI Tucson in Arizona, a medium-security federal facility, to serve his sentence.[10] He was stabbed by another inmate at the federal facility on November 24, 2023.[11]

Early life and education

Chauvin was born in Oakdale, Minnesota, on March 19, 1976.[12] His mother was a housewife and his father was a certified public accountant.[13] During his early years, Chauvin grew up in West Saint Paul. When he was seven, his parents divorced and were granted joint custody of him.[13]

Chauvin attended Park High School in Cottage Grove, Minnesota, but did not finish and later obtained a GED certificate in 1994. He earned a certificate in quantity food preparation at Dakota County Technical College and worked jobs as a prep cook at a McDonald's in Cottage Grove and later at a Tinucci's buffet restaurant in neighboring Newport.[12] [14] He served in the United States Army Reserve from 1996 to 2004,[15] including two stints in the military police between 1996 and 2000 (first in Rochester, Minnesota, and later Hohenfels, Bavaria in Germany).[16] During that time, he also attended Inver Hills Community College from 1995 to 1999,[14] [15] and later transferred to Metropolitan State University, where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in law enforcement in 2006.[17] [14] [15]

Career

Chauvin applied to the Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) in September 2000 and joined the MPD in 2001.[18] While on the force he was involved in three police shootings, one of which was fatal.[19] [20] He received a medal for valor in 2006 for being one of several officers who fired 23 shots on Wayne Reyes who pointed a shotgun at them, and another in 2008 for a domestic violence incident in which he broke down a door and shot Ira Latrell Toles who reached for Chauvin's gun, according to police.[21] [22] He received a commendation medal in 2008 after he and his partner tackled a fleeing suspect holding a pistol. In 2009, Chauvin received another commendation medal after working off duty as a security guard for a nightclub.

Misconduct complaints

Chauvin had 18 complaints on his official record, two of which ended in discipline,[23] specifically letters of reprimand.[2]

On October 29, 2006, Chauvin was one of a group of six officers who opened fire on Wayne Reyes, shooting 43 rounds in four seconds, killing him. Police reported that he'd pulled out a shotgun when they stopped his vehicle responding to a report that he had stabbed his girlfriend and a friend and fled in his truck.[24] Reyes was a member of the Leech Lake Ojibwe Band.[25] The officers were placed on administrative leave for one week; a grand jury in 2007 decided against charging any of the officers,[24] determining that the police use of force in the case was justified.[2]

On May 24, 2008, Chauvin was responding to a domestic violence call about 21-year-old black man Ira Latrell Toles by the mother of his child. After Toles locked himself in a bathroom, Chauvin forced his way in and attempted to hit Toles's head with the butt of his gun. Police reports stated that Toles reached for an officer's gun and then Chauvin shot him twice in the stomach. Toles told The Daily Beast that he fought back in self-defense but was too disoriented to reach the gun.

On August 8, 2011, Chauvin was involved in the shooting of 23-year-old Alaskan Native American man Leroy Martinez in the torso by fellow officer Terry Nutter. Eyewitness accounts contradicted the police's claim that Martinez was armed when he was shot. According to them and Martinez himself he had already dropped his gun and held his arms in the air but the police shot him nonetheless.[26] The three officers returned to work after a standard three-day administrative leave. After investigating the incident, the then Minneapolis Police Chief Timothy Dolan stated that the police officers acted "appropriately and courageously".[27]

On September 4, 2017, Chauvin was among officers responding to a complaint by the mother of two young children. Videos from the scene were said to show Chauvin hitting a 14-year-old black boy in the head with a flashlight so hard he required stitches, then holding him down with his knee for nearly 17 minutes, ignoring the boy's complaints that he could not breathe. Trying to avoid prejudice in the Floyd trial, the judge prohibited the prosecutors from raising the matter.

According to the former owner of El Nuevo Rodeo, a Latin nightclub where Chauvin had worked off duty as security, George Floyd was also working there as security, but it was not certain that they knew each other.[28] [29] The owner has been critical of Chauvin since his arrest, describing Chauvin's tactics as "overkill" and saying "Chauvin was unnecessarily aggressive on nights when the club had a black clientele, quelling fights by dousing the crowd with pepper spray and calling in several police squad cars as backup".[30]

In 2023, the City of Minneapolis agreed to pay almost $9 million to settle lawsuits brought against Chauvin by Zoya Code and John Pope Jr., black residents who both claimed that Chauvin "pressed his knee into their necks" in 2017, the same tactic that killed Floyd in 2020. According to a Minneapolis City Council announcement, Code and Pope were expected to receive $1.4 and $7.5 million, respectively.[31]

In May 2024, a former City of Minneapolis employee filed a lawsuit against the city, accusing Chauvin and another MPD officer of throwing her to the ground during a January 2020 drunk driving arrest and restraining her with a knee.[32]

Murder of George Floyd

See main article: Murder of George Floyd and George Floyd protests. On May 25, 2020, Chauvin was one of four officers involved in arresting George Floyd on suspicion of using a counterfeit $20 bill at a market and was the field training officer for one of the other officers involved.[33] Security camera footage from a nearby business did not show Floyd resisting the arrest.[34] [35] The criminal complaint stated that, based on body camera footage, Floyd repeatedly said he could not breathe while standing outside the police car, resisted getting in the car and fell down;[36] he went to the ground face down. While Floyd was handcuffed and lying face down on the street, Chauvin knelt on Floyd's neck for more than nine minutes.[37] [38] After Chauvin placed his knee on Floyd's neck, Floyd repeatedly said "I can't breathe", "Mama", and "please".[39] For part of the time, two other officers knelt on Floyd's back.[40] During the final two[41] minutes Floyd was motionless and had no pulse.[42] Several bystanders took videos which were widely circulated and broadcast.[43] Chauvin and the other officers involved were fired the day following the incident.[44] While knee-to-neck restraints were allowed in Minnesota under certain circumstances, in the days that followed Chauvin's use of the technique was widely criticized by law enforcement experts as excessive.[45] [46] [47] Public outrage over the incident and other issues of racial injustice led to mass protests in Minneapolis, the United States, and across the world.[48] [49]

Failed plea bargain

On May 28, 2020, state and federal prosecutors held a press conference at a regional FBI office in Brooklyn Center, a Minneapolis suburb, to make an announcement in the case against the officers at the scene of Floyd's murder.[50] However, officials at the press conference said they needed more time to review the case.[51] On June 9, it was revealed that state and federal prosecutors had discussed a plea deal with Chauvin and his attorney that would have included state murder charges and federal civil rights charges, but the deal fell apart when United States Attorney General William Barr rejected it.[52] As part of the failed deal, Chauvin was expected to plead guilty to third-degree murder and agree to a ten-year prison sentence. As he would have gone to federal prison, the federal government was involved, but Barr worried that protesters might view the agreement as too lenient and opted for a full investigation.

Arrest and charges

Chauvin was arrested on May 29, 2020.[53] Hennepin County Attorney Mike Freeman charged him with third-degree murder, and the lesser included offense of second-degree manslaughter,[54] [55] [56] [57] [58] making him the first white police officer in Minnesota to be charged in the death of a black civilian.[59] [60] Under Minnesota law, third-degree murder is defined as causing another's death without intent to kill, but "evincing a depraved mind, without regard for human life". Second-degree manslaughter also does not imply lethal intent, but that the perpetrator created "an unreasonable risk" of serious harm or death.[61]

On May 31, Minnesota Attorney General Keith Ellison took over the case at the request of Governor Tim Walz. On June 3, Ellison amended the charges against Chauvin to include unintentional second-degree murder under the felony murder doctrine, alleging that Chauvin killed Floyd in the course of committing assault in the third degree;[62] [63] Minnesota sentencing guidelines recommend  years' imprisonment on conviction of that charge. Bail for Chauvin was set at $1.25 million.[64] Additionally, Ellison also charged the three other officers with aiding and abetting second-degree murder[65] [66] [67] with bail set at $1 million.[68]

On June 23, Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo said that Chauvin had been trained in the dangers of positional asphyxiation and characterized Floyd's death as murder.[69]

Pre-trial

Chauvin was released on conditional bail on October 7, 2020, after posting a bond of $1 million.[70] [71] [72] [73] On October 22, 2020, Hennepin County Judge Peter Cahill dismissed the third-degree murder charge, but also denied Chauvin's motion to dismiss the other, more serious murder charges.[74] [75] On November 5, 2020, Judge Cahill ruled that Chauvin and all three of the others charged would be tried together in Hennepin County.[76] [77] However, on January 13, 2021, Judge Cahill reversed his earlier ruling, deciding that Chauvin would be tried separately from the other three officers.[78] On March 11, 2021, Cahill reinstated the third-degree murder charge against Chauvin.[79]

Trial

See main article: Trial of Derek Chauvin and Protests in Minneapolis regarding the trial of Derek Chauvin.

Chauvin's trial began on March 8, 2021, at the Hennepin County Government Center.[80] It marked the first time that a judge in Minnesota authorized cameras to show a full criminal trial.[80] On April 20, 2021, a jury, consisting of six white people and six people of color, found Chauvin guilty on three counts: unintentional second-degree murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter. He was the first white Minnesotan police officer to be convicted of murdering a Black person. It was only the second time an officer has been convicted of murder in Minnesota, the first being the third-degree murder conviction of Somali-American officer Mohamed Noor in the killing of Justine Damond, a white woman.[81] Following Chauvin's conviction Judge Cahill revoked Chauvin's bail and he was taken back into police custody.[82] [83]

Appeal

Chauvin appealed his second-degree murder conviction and requested a public defender to represent him on appeal. The Minnesota Supreme Court denied Chauvin's request for a public defender, ruling that his financial state rendered him ineligible. Chauvin later hired attorney William Mohrman to represent him.[84] In April 2022, Chauvin appealed to the Minnesota Court of Appeals, asking the court to reverse his conviction and order a new trial, in a new venue, claiming that the jury of the case in the state had been "intimidated by excessive pre-trial publicity".[85] Chauvin's lawyer further stated that the settlement reached between the city of Minneapolis and the Floyd family for $27 million during jury selection amounted to prejudice.[86] In April 2023, a three-judge panel of the Court of Appeals issued a 50-page decision affirming the conviction.[87] Chauvin asked the Minnesota Supreme Court to review the case, but was denied in July 2023.[88]

Chauvin's lawyer asked the Supreme Court of the United States to review the case.[89] The appeal centered on the claim by Chauvin that he did not receive a fair trial due to pre-trial publicity and that potential civil unrest if he was acquitted may have influenced the jury.[90] In an interview from prison for a documentary released on November 16, 2023, by the right-wing[91] media organization Alpha News, Chauvin said, "At the end of the day, the whole trial including sentencing was a sham."[92] The Supreme Court declined to hear Chauvin's case on November 20, 2023,[93] which left in place the state court rulings that affirmed his conviction and for his sentence of years in prison.[94]

Sentence

Following his conviction, Chauvin's bail was revoked and he was remanded into custody by the Hennepin County Sheriff's Office, which transferred him into the custody of the Minnesota Department of Corrections.[95] [96] He was then booked into the Oak Park Heights prison, where he had been incarcerated following his 2020 arrest. At Oak Parks, Chauvin was held in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day in an isolated wing of the prison, where he was under constant watch "for fears for his safety".[97] [98] Chauvin was held at Oak Park Heights until his sentencing hearing on June 25, 2021.[99] On May 12, 2021, Hennepin County District Judge Peter Cahill allowed for the prosecution to seek a greater prison sentence after finding that Chauvin treated Floyd "with particular cruelty".[100]

State prosecutors sought a sentence of 30 years' imprisonment for Chauvin based on the extreme cruelty he exhibited when he murdered Floyd, which "shocked the conscience". Chauvin sought probation instead of incarceration.[101] On June 25, 2021, Chauvin was sentenced to years in prison (with credit given for the 199 days he had already served) on the second-degree murder charge, while the second-degree manslaughter and third-degree murder charges remain not adjudicated.[102] The earliest Chauvin could be eligible for release on parole would be in 2035 or 2036, when he will be close to 60 years old.[103] Under Chauvin's federal plea agreement, he will serve his state and federal sentences concurrently and be subject to five years of parole after release.[104] According to the Federal Bureau of Prisons he is scheduled for release on May 7, 2038.[105]

As part of his guilty plea deal in the federal civil rights case against him, Chauvin opted to serve his concurrent federal and state sentences in a federal prison.[106] On August 24, 2022, Chauvin was transferred from the state correctional facility at Oak Park Heights, Minnesota, to FCI Tucson, a medium-security federal facility in Arizona.[10] He was later transferred to FCI Big Spring, a low-security prison in Texas, after being stabbed.[1]

Civil rights violations case

The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) convened a grand jury in February 2021 to investigate whether Chauvin violated Floyd's civil rights as well as another incident in September 2017 when Chauvin restrained a 14-year-old boy for several minutes, using his knee to lean into the boy's back and hitting him with a flashlight several times. During the restraint, Chauvin ignored the boy's pleas that he could not breathe and the boy briefly lost consciousness. The 2017 incident was deemed inadmissible as evidence in Chauvin's murder trial.[107] [108] Following Chauvin's murder conviction, the investigation was still underway, with the DOJ reportedly weighing whether to bring criminal charges against Chauvin for the 2017 incident.[109]

Federal investigators planned to charge Chauvin and the other three officers for federal civil rights violations, and intended to ask the grand jury to indict him for both the 2017 and 2020 incidents.[110] On May 7, 2021, the U.S. Department of Justice indicted Chauvin, alongside his 3 co-officers, for constitutional civil rights violations described in for their involvement in the murder of George Floyd.[111] [112] These indictments caused the state court trial for the three other officers to be pushed back to start on March 7, 2022, from August 23, 2021.[113] Chauvin, also on May 7, 2021, was also indicted by the same grand jury for violating the civil rights of the 14-year-old boy he arrested in the aforementioned September 2017 incident. The federal charges were to be prosecuted by Justice Department attorneys in Minnesota and Washington, D.C. On September 16, 2021, Chauvin pleaded not guilty to the charges related to the 2017 incident indictment.[114]

Guilty plea

Three months after initially entering a plea of not guilty to the federal charges, Chauvin requested a hearing to offer a revised plea.[115] On December 15, 2021, Chauvin pleaded guilty to the federal charges of violating the rights of Floyd and to violating the rights of the 14-year-old boy in the 2017 incident.[116] Chauvin admitted for the first time that he willfully violated Floyd's constitutional right to be free from unreasonable seizure, which includes the right to be free from the use of unreasonable force by a police officer, by continuously kneeling on Floyd's neck even though Floyd was handcuffed and not resisting at the time. Chauvin also admitted willfully violating Floyd's constitutional right not to be deprived of liberty without due process of law, including the right to be free from a police officer's deliberate indifference to Floyd's serious medical needs.[117] Chauvin admitted that his knee had remained on Floyd's neck even after Floyd became unresponsive. In the plea, Chauvin also admitted violating the 14-year old's constitutional right to be free from the unreasonable force by a police officer stemming from a 2017 incident when he held the boy by the throat, hit him in the head with a flashlight, and knelt on the upper back of the boy who was prone, handcuffed, and not resisting.

According to the Wall Street Journal, a plea deal was reached whereby federal prosecutors would request a 300-month (25-year) sentence to be served concurrently with the State of Minnesota sentence instead of the maximum life in prison.[118] On May 4, 2022, the judge presiding over the federal case accepted the plea deal, paving the way for a sentence of between 20 and 25 years in prison, to be served concurrently with his state sentence.[119] On July 7, 2022, Chauvin was sentenced to 21 years in prison on the charges of violating the civil rights of George Floyd and the boy.[120] In the aftermath of the criminal and civil rights cases against him, Chauvin claimed that other evidence not presented at the criminal trial showed that a tumor may have contributed to Floyd's death and that he would not have pleaded guilty to federal charges had he been aware of it.[121] [122] Chauvin filed a motion in federal court in mid-November 2023 attempting to vacate the civil rights conviction.[123] [124]

Tax-evasion case

On July 22, 2020, after he was charged with murder, Chauvin and his wife Kellie were separately charged in Washington County, Minnesota, with nine counts of felony tax evasion[125] [126] related to allegedly fraudulent state income tax returns from 2014 to 2019.[127] Prosecutors said the couple had under-reported their joint income by $464,433, including more than $95,000 from Chauvin's security work.[128] The complaint also alleges failure to pay proper sales tax on a $100,000 BMW purchased in Minnesota in 2018, failure to declare income from Chauvin's wife's business, and improper deductions for a rental home.[129] Chauvin first appeared in Washington County District Court for his tax-evasion case (number 82-CR-20-2813) on September 8, 2021. The pre-trial hearing was scheduled for January 21, 2022.[130] [131] Chauvin pleaded guilty on March 17, 2023, and was sentenced to 13 months in prison, to run concurrently with his murder sentence with credit given for time already served.[132] [133]

Ramsey County jail discrimination complaint

Following his arrest on May 29, Chauvin was booked and processed at Ramsey County's Adult Detention Center in Saint Paul.[134] In June 2020, eight correctional officers who work at the jail filed a discrimination complaint against their supervisors with the Minnesota Department of Human Rights. They alleged that during Chauvin's brief stay before his transfer to a state prison, non-white guards were not allowed to work on the fifth floor where Chauvin was being held. The complaint also alleged that a guard had witnessed a white lieutenant sit on Chauvin's bed and that she permitted Chauvin to use her cellphone. Responding to the complaint, the Minnesota Department of Human Rights said that it was opening an investigation to determine whether discrimination took place.[135]

Following a complaint that their charge never gained traction, in February 2021 the Star Tribune reported that the group pursued legal action and filed discrimination charges with the state Department of Human Rights. Their attorney said that his clients sued to hold Superintendent Steve Lydon and Ramsey County "responsible for the discrimination that occurred under their watch." The suit alleges the officers were informed that they would be reassigned because of Chauvin's arrival. One of the plaintiffs said that while he regularly processed and booked high-profile inmates, he was in the middle of patting down Chauvin when the superintendent told him to stop and replaced him with a white officer. The attorney for the group said that they felt "deeply humiliated and distressed" due to the discrimination they had experienced. The suit also says two other officers saw security camera footage that showed that a white female lieutenant "was granted special access" wherein she sat on Chauvin's bed and patted his back "while appearing to comfort him" and let Chauvin use a cellphone. In a statement provided to the Star Tribune by the sheriff's office, Lydon said he "was trying to 'protect and support' minority employees by shielding them from Chauvin".[136]

Prison attack

While serving his concurrent state and federal sentences at the FCI Tucson prison, Chauvin was stabbed 22 times with an improvised knife by another inmate while both he and Chauvin were in the facility's law library at about 12:30 p.m. local time on November 24, 2023.[137] Prison employees performed "life-saving" measures on Chauvin who suffered serious bodily injury and was taken to a hospital for further evaluation and treatment. Prior to the assault, Chauvin's lawyer had advocated for keeping him away from other inmates for his own protection.[138] The stabbing attack on Chauvin was compared to the July 2023 prison assault on Larry Nassar and it raised further scrutiny of inmate safety in the federal prison system. Minnesota Attorney General Keith Ellison denounced the attack, stating that Chauvin "was duly convicted of his crimes and, like any incarcerated individual, he should be able to serve his sentence without fear of retaliation or violence."[139] [140]

Federal prosecutors charged John Turscak, a 52-year old inmate, with attempted murder, assault with intent to commit murder, assault with a dangerous weapon, and assault resulting in serious bodily injury.[141] According to charging documents, the suspect told FBI agents he attacked Chauvin because he was a high-profile inmate and as a symbolic connection to the Black Lives Matter movement with the attack occurring on Black Friday and with other reference to the Mexican Mafia.[142] The suspect was a former FBI informant and gang member who had been featured in a book about organized crime leader Rene Enriquez.

Personal life

Chauvin's ex-wife, a real-estate agent and photographer, is a Hmong refugee from Laos. She won the "Mrs. Minnesota" beauty pageant in 2018.[143] She filed for divorce the day before he was arrested for Floyd's murder,[144] and the divorce was finalized in February 2021.[145] She has two children from a previous marriage. In May 2023, she was sentenced to twenty days in prison on tax-evasion charges.[146]

Chauvin was registered to vote in Florida, where he and his ex-wife had a second home in Windermere.[147] [148]

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Ex-officer convicted in George Floyd's killing is moved to new prison months after stabbing. CTV News. August 20, 2024. August 20, 2024.
  2. News: Richmond . Todd . May 29, 2020 . Officer accused in Floyd's death opened fire on 2 people . https://web.archive.org/web/20230717221819/https://apnews.com/article/shootings-us-news-mn-state-wire-a69682cfc7dd6f99260315b5a68fe6ec . July 17, 2023 . Associated Press . en-US . November 26, 2023.
  3. Web site: Levenson . Eric . Sanchez . Ray . June 25, 2021 . Derek Chauvin sentenced to 22.5 years in death of George Floyd. live . CNN . en-US . June 25, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210625094029/https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/25/us/derek-chauvin-sentencing-george-floyd/index.html . June 25, 2021.
  4. Web site: WCCO-TV . April 27, 2021 . Derek Chauvin's Sentencing Rescheduled For June 25 . CBS Minnesota . en-US . May 8, 2021 . May 13, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210513021204/https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/04/27/derek-chauvins-sentencing-rescheduled-for-june-25/ . live.
  5. Web site: Sentencing Order and Memorandum Opinion . Minnesota Courts . en-US . 25 November 2023 . April 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230419055156/https://mncourts.gov/mncourtsgov/media/High-Profile-Cases/27-CR-20-12646/MCRO_27-CR-20-12646_Sentencing-Order_2021-06-25_20210625145755.pdf . live.
  6. Web site: Alfonseca . Kiara . July 7, 2022 . Derek Chauvin sentenced to 21 years on federal charges for violating George Floyd's civil rights . ABC News . en-US . July 7, 2022 . July 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220707163842/https://abcnews.go.com/US/derek-chauvin-sentenced-federal-charges-violating-george-floyds/story?id=86366456 . live.
  7. Web site: Silva . Daniella . July 7, 2022 . Derek Chauvin sentenced to just over 20 years for violating George Floyd's federal civil rights . NBC News . en-US . August 1, 2022 . August 1, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220801124818/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/derek-chauvin-sentenced-just-20-years-violating-george-floyds-federal-rcna36958 . live.
  8. Web site: Details . coms.doc.state.mn.us . August 1, 2022 . July 11, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220711172131/https://coms.doc.state.mn.us/publicviewer/OffenderDetails/Index/261557/Search . live.
  9. Web site: Details . 2022-04-18 . patch.com . April 18, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230418135146/https://patch.com/minnesota/saintpaul/federal-sentence-likely-extends-chauvins-prison-stay-3-years . live .
  10. News: August 25, 2022 . Derek Chauvin transferred to Tucson prison . en-US . . live . August 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220825204126/https://www.azfamily.com/2022/08/25/derek-chauvin-transferred-tucson-prison/ . August 25, 2022.
  11. News: Sisak . Michael . November 24, 2023 . Ex-officer Derek Chauvin, convicted in George Floyd's killing, stabbed in prison, AP source says . . live . November 24, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125030639/https://www.startribune.com/ex-officer-derek-chauvin-convicted-in-george-floyds-killing-stabbed-in-prison-ap-source-says/600322229/ . November 25, 2023.
  12. News: Barker . Kim . Furber . Matt . June 9, 2020 . Bail Is at Least $1 Million for Ex-Officer Accused of Killing George Floyd: Derek Chauvin is charged with second-degree murder and second-degree manslaughter in Mr. Floyd's death. . The New York Times . en-US . July 23, 2020 . Mr. Chauvin, who is 44, did not always want to be a police officer. . April 22, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210422010040/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/08/us/derek-chauvin-court.html . live.
  13. News: Barker . Kim . Kovaleski . Serge F. . July 18, 2020 . Officer Who Pressed His Knee on George Floyd's Neck Drew Scrutiny Long Before . The New York Times . en-US . July 20, 2020 . April 22, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210422010122/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/18/us/derek-chauvin-george-floyd.html . live.
  14. News: Montemayor . Stephen . Bjorhus . Jennifer . McKinney . Matt . August 8, 2020 . Even to friends, former officer Derek Chauvin was an enigma . Star Tribune . en-US . August 16, 2020 . April 22, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210422054936/https://www.startribune.com/those-who-know-derek-chauvin-say-they-would-not-have-predicted-his-killing-of-george-floyd/572054552/ . live.
  15. News: Levitz . Jennifer . Ailworth . Erin . Hobbs . Tawnell D. . June 21, 2020 . George Floyd and Derek Chauvin: The Lives of the Victim and His Killer . subscription . The Wall Street Journal . en-US . August 16, 2020 . He also served in the Army Reserve as a military police officer from 1996 to 2004.. April 22, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210422034729/https://www.wsj.com/articles/george-floyd-and-derek-chauvin-the-lives-of-the-victim-and-his-killer-11592761495. live.
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  91. News: Riemenschneider . Chris . February 22, 2022 . Former WCCO-TV reporter Liz Collin joins conservative site Alpha News . . November 27, 2023 . December 3, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231203164714/https://www.startribune.com/former-wcco-tv-anchor-liz-collin-joins-conservative-site-alpha-news/600149396/ . live .
  92. News: Olson . Rochelle . Sawyer . Liz . November 25, 2023 . Derek Chauvin stabbed, seriously injured in prison . . November 25, 2023 . November 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125061006/https://www.startribune.com/report-derek-chauvin-stabbed-seriously-injured-in-prison/600322234/ . live .
  93. News: Kaur . Anumita . 2023-11-21 . Supreme Court won't hear Derek Chauvin's appeal in murder of George Floyd . en-US . . 2023-11-25 . 0190-8286.
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  95. News: Niemietz. Brian. April 20, 2021. 'Bail revoked' for convicted killer Derek Chauvin trends on Twitter. New York Daily News. April 20, 2021. April 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210420222937/https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-derek-chauvin-bail-revoked-20210420-y47mjtcvrbccxb4wuabbbcc7ii-story.html. live.
  96. Web site: Xiong . Chao . Walsh . Paul . Olson . Rochelle . Derek Chauvin cuffed after murder, manslaughter convictions in death of George Floyd . Star Tribune . April 21, 2021 . April 20, 2021 . March 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220326062239/https://www.startribune.com/derek-chauvin-cuffed-after-murder-manslaughter-convictions-in-death-of-george-floyd/600047825/ . live .
  97. Web site: McEvoy. Jemima. April 21, 2021. Derek Chauvin Being Kept In Solitary Confinement At Maximum-Security Prison. Forbes. April 21, 2021. April 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210421215040/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2021/04/21/derek-chauvin-being-kept-in-solitary-confinement-at-maximum-security-prison/. live.
  98. Web site: Bogel-Burrhoughs . Nicholas . Arango . Tim . Derek Chauvin is being held in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day. . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/21/us/derek-chauvin-solitary-confinement.html . December 28, 2021 . limited . The New York Times . April 23, 2021 . April 21, 2021.
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  100. News: Judge's ruling echoes prosecution's points, setting the stage for Chauvin getting longer sentence. Paul. Walsh. May 12, 2021. May 12, 2021. May 12, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210512213552/https://www.startribune.com/judge-s-ruling-echoes-prosecution-s-points-setting-stage-for-chauvin-getting-longer-sentence/600056317/. live.
  101. News: Chauvin seeks probation for Floyd death, state wants 30 years. The Straits Times (Singapore). June 3, 2021. June 3, 2021. June 2, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210602223708/http://www.straitstimes.com/world/united-states/chauvin-seeks-probation-for-floyd-death-state-wants-30-years. live.
  102. News: Tim . Arango . June 25, 2021 . Derek Chauvin receives 22 and a half years for murder of George Floyd.. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/25/us/derek-chauvin-22-and-a-half-years-george-floyd.html . December 28, 2021 . limited . The New York Times . June 25, 2021 . 0362-4331 .
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  104. News: Walsh . Paul . Montemayor . Stephen . 2022-08-24 . Chauvin taken from state prison, heading to federal facility to serve time for killing George Floyd . . 2022-08-24 . August 24, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220824185610/https://www.startribune.com/chauvin-taken-from-state-prison-heading-to-federal-facility-to-serve-time-for-killing-george-floyd/600200803/ . live .
  105. Web site: bop.gov/inmateloc . September 25, 2022 . February 5, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120205222937/http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=IDSearch&needingMoreList=false&IDType=IRN&IDNumber=25827-050&x=30&y=25 . live .
  106. News: Thrush . Glenn . Bogel-Burroughs . Nicholas . 2023-11-25 . Derek Chauvin Is Stabbed in Federal Prison, Minnesota Attorney General Says . en-US . . 2023-11-26 . 0362-4331 . November 26, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231126151047/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/24/us/derek-chauvin-prison-stabbing.html . live .
  107. News: Mannix. Andy. Jany. Libor. February 24, 2021. Federal prosecutors convene a grand jury for civil rights investigation into ex-Minneapolis officer Derek Chauvin. Star Tribune. November 26, 2023. February 24, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210224003400/https://www.startribune.com/federal-prosecutors-convene-grand-jury-for-civil-investigation-into-ex-minneapolis-officer-derek-cha/600026569/. live.
  108. News: Libor. Jany. November 18, 2020. Seeking to show the pattern of excessive force by Chauvin, prosecutors cite incident with a 14-year-old boy who couldn't breathe. Star Tribune. November 26, 2023. July 15, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230715140320/https://www.startribune.com/chauvin-prosecutors-cite-incident-with-14-year-old-boy-who-couldn-t-breathe/573105501/. live.
  109. Web site: Levine . Mike . After Chauvin's conviction for Floyd murder, DOJ weighs charging him for 2017 incident involving Black teen: Source . . abcnews.go.com . April 23, 2021 . en . April 23, 2021 . April 27, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210427170650/https://abcnews.go.com/US/chauvins-conviction-floyd-murder-doj-weighs-charging-2017/story?id=77254006 . live .
  110. Web site: Jimenez. Omar. Schneider. Jessica. Andone. Dakin. April 29, 2021. DOJ to seek indictment of Derek Chauvin and three other ex-Minneapolis police officers, reports say. CNN. April 29, 2021. April 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210429222400/https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/29/us/derek-chauvin-minneapolis-officers-federal-indictment/index.html. live.
  111. Web site: Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs. May 7, 2021. Four Former Minneapolis Police Officers Indicted on Federal Civil Rights Charges for Death of George Floyd; Derek Chauvin Also Charged in Separate Indictment for Violating Civil Rights of a Juvenile. May 7, 2021. Department of Justice. Washington, D.C.. May 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210507142009/https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/four-former-minneapolis-police-officers-indicted-federal-civil-rights-charges-death-george. live.
  112. Web site: Vallejo. Justin. May 7, 2021. George Floyd: Derek Chauvin and three ex-officers indicted on federal civil rights charges. May 7, 2021. The Independent. New York. May 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210507142154/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/chauvin-george-floyd-civil-rights-b1843850.html. live.
  113. News: Trial postponed to March 2022 for ex-officers charged with aiding and abetting murder in George Floyd death . May 13, 2021 . Chao . Xiong . May 30, 2021 . . December 20, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211220101720/https://www.startribune.com/state-trial-postponed-to-march-2022-for-ex-officers-charged-with-aiding-and-abetting-murder-in-georg/600056791/ . live.
  114. News: Savage . Niara . Derek Chauvin Pleads Not Guilty to Indictment Alleging He Used Similar Restraint as One Used on George Floyd on Black Teen in 2017 . September 18, 2021 . Atlanta Black Star . September 17, 2021 . September 18, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210918021950/https://atlantablackstar.com/2021/09/17/derek-chauvin-pleads-not-guilty-to-indictment-alleging-he-used-similar-restraint-as-one-used-on-george-floyd-on-black-teen-in-2017/ . live .
  115. News: Mannix . Andy . December 13, 2021 . Derek Chauvin to change plea in federal civil rights case . . December 13, 2021 . December 13, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211213200033/https://www.startribune.com/derek-chauvin-to-change-plea-in-federal-civil-rights-case/600126689/ . live .
  116. News: Forliti . Amy . Chauvin pleads guilty to federal charges in Floyd's death . . December 15, 2021 . December 15, 2021 . December 15, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211215073937/https://apnews.com/article/death-of-george-floyd-george-floyd-minneapolis-race-and-ethnicity-st-paul-a8b12b1e3e0fedc1270c659e3428134e . live .
  117. News: Hutchinson . Bill . Derek Chauvin pleads guilty to federal charges of violating George Floyd's civil rights . . December 16, 2021 . December 16, 2021 . December 16, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211216003729/https://abcnews.go.com/US/derek-chauvin-pleads-guilty-federal-charges-violating-george/story?id=81766309 . live .
  118. News: Lemay. Madeline. December 15, 2021. Derek Chauvin Pleads Guilty in Federal Court to Violating George Floyd's Civil Rights. The Wall Street Journal. December 15, 2021. December 15, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211215201613/https://www.wsj.com/articles/derek-chauvin-pleads-guilty-to-violating-george-floyds-civil-rights-11639586275?mod=hp_lead_pos6. live.
  119. News: Jimenez . Omar . A federal judge accepts Derek Chauvin's plea deal and will sentence him to 20 to 25 years . May 4, 2022 . CNN . May 4, 2022 . May 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220504181852/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/05/04/us/derek-chauvin-sentence-federal-civil-rights-trial/index.html . live .
  120. News: Senter . Jay . Dewan . Shaila . July 7, 2022 . Killer of George Floyd Sentenced to 21 Years for Violating Civil Rights . en-US . The New York Times . July 7, 2022 . 0362-4331 . July 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205231/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/07/us/derek-chauvin-george-floyd-sentence.html . live .
  121. News: Karnowski . Steve . November 14, 2023 . Derek Chauvin makes another bid to overturn federal conviction in murder of George Floyd . . November 25, 2023 . November 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125095953/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/derek-chauvin-makes-another-bid-to-overturn-federal-conviction-in-murder-of-george-floyd . live.
  122. News: November 15, 2023 . Topeka pathologist believes a rare tumor was the cause of George Floyd's death . The Topeka Capital-Journal .
  123. News: Krauss . Louis . November 15, 2023 . Derek Chauvin files motion attempting to overturn federal conviction . . November 25, 2023 . November 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125090529/https://www.startribune.com/derek-chauvin-files-motion-attempting-to-overturn-federal-conviction/600320054/ . live .
  124. News: Olson . Rochelle . Sawyer . Liz . November 25, 2023 . Derek Chauvin expected to survive after prison stabbing . . November 25, 2023 . November 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125061006/https://www.startribune.com/report-derek-chauvin-stabbed-seriously-injured-in-prison/600322234/ . live .
  125. News: July 23, 2020 . Floyd murder suspect charged with tax crimes . . live . July 23, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210614010338/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53508640 . June 14, 2021.
  126. Web site: Complaint: State v. Chauvin CR-2020-1116 . State of Minnesota District Court 10th Judicial District . April 24, 2021 . July 3, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210703150355/https://minnlawyer.com/files/2020/07/Chauvin-Complaint.pdf . live .
  127. News: Wright. Will. July 22, 2020. Derek Chauvin Charged With Multiple Tax-Related Felonies in Minnesota. The New York Times. 0362-4331. July 23, 2020. July 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200723014126/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/us/derek-chauvin-tax-fraud.html. live.
  128. News: Scott. Neuman. Former Minnesota Police Officer Derek Chauvin Charged With Tax Evasion. NPR. July 23, 2020. July 23, 2020. July 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200723071250/https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/07/23/894535746/former-minnesota-police-officer-derek-chauvin-charged-with-tax-evasion. live.
  129. News: Forliti . Amy . July 22, 2020 . Ex-cop charged in Floyd's death faces 9 tax evasion counts . . July 23, 2020 . April 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210430225857/https://apnews.com/56bea6e3d1ea1aaeba129522df43294f . live.
  130. Web site: Lick . Val . June 30, 2021 . Derek Chauvin's Tax Evasion Hearing Postponed . July 1, 2021 . KARE-TV.
  131. Web site: Olson . Rochelle . January 18, 2021 . Tax Evasion Case against Derek Chauvin and His Estranged Wife Pushed Out until after His Murder Trial . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210421165127/https://www.startribune.com/tax-evasion-case-against-derek-chauvin-and-his-estranged-wife-pushed-out-until-after-his-murder-tria/600011183/ . April 21, 2021 . April 23, 2021 . Star Tribune.
  132. Web site: Li . David . 17 March 2023 . Derek Chauvin, ex-officer convicted of killing George Floyd, pleads guilty to federal tax evasion . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230317183812/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/derek-chauvin-ex-officer-convicted-killing-george-floyd-pleads-guilty-rcna72173 . March 17, 2023 . March 17, 2023 . NBC News.
  133. News: Karnowski . Steve . Ahmed . Trisha . March 17, 2023 . Chauvin, who killed George Floyd, pleads guilty in tax case . . November 29, 2023 . December 3, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231203163212/https://apnews.com/article/george-floyd-derek-chauvin-tax-evasion-334b34e0e16875b22d49159e753d1f29 . live .
  134. News: Collins . Jon . August 9, 2022 . Ramsey County board approves $1.4 million discrimination suit settlement with jail employees . . November 27, 2023 . December 3, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231203163212/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2022/08/09/ramsey-county-board-approves-14-million-discrimination-suit-settlement-with-jail-employees . live .
  135. News: Correctional Officers File Racial Discrimination Charges Over Guarding Derek Chauvin. June 23, 2020. NPR. June 23, 2020. en. Collins. Jon. July 15, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230715140234/https://www.npr.org/2020/06/23/881880233/correctional-officers-file-racial-discrimination-charges-over-guarding-derek-cha. live.
  136. Web site: Burke . Minyvonne . Minority jail officers were barred from guarding Derek Chauvin, suspect in death of George Floyd, lawsuit alleges . February 10, 2021 . . April 28, 2021 . April 28, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210428055338/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/minority-officers-were-banned-guarding-derek-chauvin-jail-lawsuit-alleges-n1257176 . live .
  137. News: November 25, 2023 . Derek Chauvin: Former police officer convicted of murdering George Floyd stabbed in prison . Sky News . live . November 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125095953/https://news.sky.com/story/derek-chauvin-former-police-officer-convicted-of-murdering-george-floyd-stabbed-in-prison-report-13015516 . November 25, 2023.
  138. News: November 24, 2023 . Ex-Officer Derek Chauvin, Convicted in George Floyd's Killing, Stabbed in Prison, AP Source Says . . live . November 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125095953/https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2023-11-24/ex-officer-derek-chauvin-convicted-in-george-floyds-killing-stabbed-in-prison-ap-source-says . November 25, 2023.
  139. Web site: November 25, 2023 . Prosecutors decry stabbing of ex-officer Derek Chauvin while incarcerated in George Floyd's killing . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125204330/https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/prosecutors-decry-stabbing-of-ex-officer-derek-chauvin-while-incarcerated-in-george-floyd-s-killing-1.6660859 . November 25, 2023 . November 26, 2023 . CTV News.
  140. News: Walsh . Paul . December 1, 2023 . Charges: Derek Chauvin stabbed 22 times by fellow inmate in law library . . December 1, 2023 . December 2, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231202033231/https://www.startribune.com/charges-derek-chauvin-stabbed-22-times-by-fellow-inmate-in-law-library/600323849/ . live .
  141. News: WCCO Staff . 2024-01-06 . John Turscak, accused of stabbing Derek Chauvin in prison, pleads not guilty . CBS News .
  142. News: Sisak . Michael . December 1, 2023 . Inmate stabbed Derek Chauvin 22 times, charged with attempted murder, prosecutors say . . December 1, 2023 . December 1, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231201224447/https://www.startribune.com/inmate-stabbed-derek-chauvin-22-times-charged-with-attempted-murder-prosecutors-say/600323837/ . live .
  143. News: False claim targets wife of police officer Derek Chauvin charged in George Floyd's death. Associated Press. The Mercury News. June 1, 2020. June 21, 2020. June 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200623040231/https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/06/01/false-claim-targets-wife-of-officer-charged-in-floyds-death/. live.
  144. News: Belcamino. Kristi. May 29, 2020. Derek Chauvin's wife filing for divorce after almost 10 years of marriage, report says. Twin Cities. June 21, 2020. June 21, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200621183632/https://www.twincities.com/2020/05/29/derek-chauvins-wife-filing-for-divorce-report-says/. live.
  145. News: February 4, 2021 . Former MPD Officer Derek Chauvin's Divorce Finalized . CBS Minnesota . April 20, 2021 . April 12, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210412161847/https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/02/04/former-mpd-officer-derek-chauvins-divorce-finalized/ . live .
  146. Web site: Cohen . Rebecca . Derek Chauvin's ex-wife will spend 20 days in jail and pay $38,000 after she admitted to evading taxes for 6 years . . May 16, 2023 . May 16, 2023 .
  147. News: Fact Check: Derek Chauvin Is not a Registered Democrat, among Other Claims . February 14, 2022 . . June 19, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200619163040/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-factcheck-derek-chauvin-democrat/fact-check-derek-chauvin-is-not-a-registered-democrat-among-other-claims-idUSKBN23Q2MW . live . June 19, 2020 .
  148. News: Styles . Jasmine . Hiramoto . KJ . Ex-Police Officer Derek Chauvin's Florida Voting Record in Question . February 14, 2022 . . June 11, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200905002047/https://www.abcactionnews.com/news/state/ex-police-officer-derek-chauvins-florida-voting-record-in-question . September 5, 2020 .

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