Derazhne Explained

Official Name:Derazhne
Native Name:Деражне
Settlement Type:Village
Pushpin Map:Ukraine Rivne Oblast#Ukraine
Pushpin Map Caption:Location within the Ukraine
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Oblast
Subdivision Name1:Rivne Oblast
Subdivision Type2:Raion
Subdivision Name2:Rivne Raion
Subdivision Type3:Silska Rada
Subdivision Name3:Derazhne Silska Rada
Established Title:Founded
Established Date:1274
Area Total Km2:4.87
Elevation M:175
Population As Of:2001
Population Total:2102
Population Density Km2:431.36
Timezone:EET
Utc Offset:+2
Timezone Dst:EEST
Utc Offset Dst:+3
Coordinates:50.8622°N 26.0494°W
Postal Code Type:Postal code (Index)
Postal Code:35053
Area Code:+380 3657

Derazhne (Ukrainian: Деражне, Polish: Deraźne, Russian: Деражное) is a village in western Ukraine, in Rivne Raion of Rivne Oblast, but was formerly administered within Kostopil Raion. In 2001, Derazhne had 2102 residents. Postal code — 35053.[1] KOATUU code — 5623481601.

History

Derazhne was mentioned for the first time in the historical sources in 1272.[2] In 1626, Prince Janusz Ostrogski has built here a church of the Holy Trinity. A new stone catholic church was built in 1804, and an orthodox church in 1824.[3] A Karaite Jewish (Karaim) community existed in Derazhne since the late 1500s.[4] The community was severely damaged during the Chmielnicki uprising in 1649, and two poems about the destruction were written in Hebrew and in Turkic Karaim language by the leader of the congregation, Hazzan Joseph ben Yesh'uah Ha-Mashbir.[5] Apparently, a small Karaite community survived until the Haidamakas uprising in 1768[6]

During the Second Polish Republic (1918-1939) Derazhne was the seat of the rural municipality in the district of Rivne Derażne, and from 1 January 1925, of Kostopol Volyn province. The Jewish population constituted 624 persons in 1921.[7] After the Nazi German troops entered Derazhne on June 28, 1941, the ghetto was organized on October 5, 1941, and it was liquidated on August 24, 1942.[8] 1,868 Jews were killed altogether in the nearby village of Osowa Wyszka by an Einsatzgruppen.[9] About 70 Poles were also killed during the war with only one surviving Polish family. Murdered by Ukrainian policemen in German service and members of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. [10]

Ukrainian artist and OUN activist Nil Khasevich (1905-1952) served as a Judge in Derazhne during the Nazi occupation period in 1941.[11] Ukrainian and Russian poet Rostislav Zass (1940-1999) lived for many years and was buried in Derazhne. In 2010, a memorial for Ukrainian Insurgent Army freedom fighters was built in Derazhne.[12]

References

  1. http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rf7571=27805 Registration card
  2. [:uk:Деражне|Derazhne]
  3. Book: Шабаровський В. В. . 2006 . Деражно: Хрестовоздвиженська церква на тлі історії . Рівне . Азалія.
  4. Nosonovsky, M. . Shabarovsky, V. . Караимская община XVI-XVIII веков в Деражном на Волыни. Vestnik EUM . 2005. 9. 31–52.
  5. Nosonovsky, M. . The Karaite Community in Derażne and its Leader Hazzan Joseph ben Yeshu'ah . Eastern European Karaites in the Last Generations. 2011. 17–35.
  6. Book: Шабаровський, В. В (Shabarovsky, V.V.) . 2013 . Караїми на Волині (Karaites in Volhynia, in Ukrainian) . Lutsk . Tverdynya .
  7. Холокост на территории СССР: Энциклопедия, Moscow, 2009, s.263
  8. Web site: Yahad - in Unum.
  9. Władysław Siemaszko, Ewa Siemaszko, Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939-1945, Warszawa 2000,, s.219
  10. E. Siemaszko, W. Siemaszko, Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939-1945, Warszawa 2000, Wydawnictwo "von Borowiecky";, t.I, s.219-221
  11. ладков, Теодор; Стекляр, Борис. Рассказы полковника Бондаря // Чекисты рассказывают / Составитель В. Листов. — М.: Советская Россия, 1985. — Т. 6. — С. 121—178.
  12. Web site: У селі Деражне відкрили пам'ятник борцям за незалежність України . 2014-06-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190121064230/http://www.kostopilpost.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=139&Itemid=26 . 2019-01-21 . dead .

External links