Sri Lanka elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. Sri Lanka has a multi-party system, with two dominant political parties. All elections are administered by the Election Commission of Sri Lanka.
See also: List of presidential elections in Sri Lanka. The president is directly elected for a five-year term, through a version of Instant-runoff voting in which electors rank up to three candidates, and limited to only two rounds in total. If no candidate wins a majority in the first round of voting, second and third preferences from ballots whose first preference candidate has been eliminated are used to determine the winner.[1] However, there has never been an instance where a "run-off" count has been needed since the introduction of directly elected president in the 1980s, as a candidate reached 50% in the first count in all elections.
The Parliament has 225 members, elected for a five-year term, 196 members elected in multi-seat constituencies through proportional representation system where each party is allocated a number of seats from the quota for each district according to the proportion of the total vote that party obtains in the district. The other 29 which is called the national list are appointed by each party secretary according to the island wide proportional vote the party obtains.
The Local government bodies in Sri Lanka;
are elected through the mixed electoral system.
See main article: 2019 Sri Lankan presidential election.
See main article: 2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election.
| Votes ! | valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50" | % ! | valign=bottom colspan=3 | Seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | National | Total | |||||
| 6,853,690 | 59.09% | 128 | 17 | 145 | |||
| 2,771,980 | 23.90% | 47 | 7 | 54 | |||
| 327,168 | 2.82% | 9 | 1 | 10 | |||
| 445,958 | 3.84% | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||
| 67,766 | 0.58% | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
| 61,464 | 0.53% | 2 | 0 | 2 | |||
| United National Party (Ranil wing) | 249,435 | 2.15% | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 67,758 | 0.58% | 0 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 67,692 | 0.58% | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
| 66,579 | 0.57% | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
| Muslim National Alliance | 55,981 | 0.48% | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 51,301 | 0.44% | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
| 43,319 | 0.37% | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
| 39,272 | 0.34% | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
| 34,428 | 0.30% | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
| 223,622 | 1.93% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| United Peace Alliance | 31,054 | 0.27% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| All Lanka Tamil Mahasabha | 30,031 | 0.26% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| National Development Front | 14,686 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 14,522 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Social Democratic Party of Tamils | 11,464 | 0.10% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 9,855 | 0.08% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Socialist Party of Sri Lanka | 9,368 | 0.08% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| People's Welfare Front | 7,361 | 0.06% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Sinhalese National Front | 5,056 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 4,883 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| United Left Front | 4,879 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 4,345 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| National People's Party | 3,813 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 3,611 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| National Democratic Front | 3,488 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 3,134 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 2,964 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 1,397 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 1,189 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Motherland People's Party | 1,087 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 1,035 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 780 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 737 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| All Are Citizens All Are Kings Organization | 632 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 145 | 0.00% | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Valid Votes | 11,598,929 | 100.00% | 196 | 29 | 225 | ||
| Rejected Votes | 744,373 | 6.03% | |||||
| Total Polled | 12,343,302 | 75.89% | |||||
| Registered Electors | 16,263,885 | ||||||