Denmark–Venezuela relations explained

Denmark–Venezuela relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Venezuela. Denmark is accredited to Venezuela from its embassy in Brasilia, Brazil.[1] Venezuela is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Oslo, Norway. In 1878, the relations between Denmark and Venezuela were described as "friendly".[2]

History

On March 26, 1838, Denmark and Venezuela agreed to sign a Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation.[3] On July 18, 1858, Denmark and Venezuela signed a special treaty about customs.[4] In 1863, a Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty was signed in Caracas between Denmark and Venezuela.[5] The treaty was described as the most liberal one for Venezuela.[6]

In the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–1903, President of Venezuela Cipriano Castro refused to pay foreign debts and damages of citizens from various European countries following the civil wars. This refusal resulted in a blockade by Great Britain, Germany, and Italy. Although individual citizens from Denmark pressed claims, the government of Denmark refused to participate in the intervention.[7] [8] During the crisis American ambassador to Venezuela Herbert Wolcott Bowen transferred the defence of Venezuela to Venezuela's allies including Denmark.[9]

During the period from 1938 to 1948, dozens of Danish families emigrated to Venezuela.[10] [11] On 5 June 1938, 187 Danes sailed for Venezuela.[12]

Commercial relations

In 1831 to 1832, the total trade between Denmark and Venezuela amounted 7,876,000 francs. In 1841 to 1842, the trade reached a maximum of 1,700,000 million francs. The trade was conducted almost through the Danish colony of Saint Thomas.[13]

In 2007, Danish export to Venezuela amounted 347 million DKK, while imports from Venezuela amounted 163 million DKK. From January to September 2008, Danish export to Venezuela amounted 304 million DKK while import from Venezuela amounted 196 million DKK.[14]

State visits

Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez visited Denmark in December 2009, for the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference.[15] [16]

Migration

In 2018, Denmark provided support for venezuelan refugees and migrants.[17]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Registrering af dansker i Venezuela. Danish embassy in Brasilia, Brazil. 28 September 2011.
  2. Book: Report and accompanying documents of the committee on foreign affairs on the relations of the United States and Mexico. 1878. 29 September 2011. 83.
  3. Book: The Consolidated treaty series, Volume 87. Oceana Publications. Clive Parry. Clive Parry. 1969. 28 September 2011. 403. 9780379130003.
  4. Book: Danske tractater, Volume 3. 1874. Denmark. Treaties, etc. J. Jørgensen & Co.
  5. Book: A collection of neutrality laws, regulations and treaties of various countries, Volume 2. 1939. Carnegie endowment for international peace. Philip Caryl Jessup. 28 September 2011. 1483.
  6. News: FROM VENEZUELA.; The Treaty of peace--Further Stipulations--The Pearl Fisheries--A Projected Riot Frustrated--Feasts of the Church--A New American Cantatrice--Guzeran Blanco and the Peace--The New Danish Treaty--The British Steamers--Settlement of the Spanish Question. CARACANIANS!. 15 October 2011. The New York Times. 14 June 1863. 2. The new treaty with Denmark, which has just been ratified by the Government of Gen. PAEZ, is a most liberal one for Venezuela. Under it the flag of a neutral Power is to cover not only the vessel, but even enemy's goods, except contraband of war, and the arbitration of a friendly Power is in all cases to be invoked before proceeding to hostilities. Thus are the principles of American diplomacy becoming inwrought upon European policy..
  7. News: Riva leaves Caracas. 15 October 2011. Youngstown Vindicator. 17 December 1902.
  8. News: All others settled by Venezuela in the 70s - Denmark backs this one. 15 October 2011. Boston Evening Transcript. 19 January 1903.
  9. News: In Regard to Venezuela. 15 October 2011. The Meriden Daily Journal. 31 January 1903.
  10. Web site: Dansk udvandringspolitik i mellemkrigsårene: Visioner og resultater. Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Bind Ny række, 17 (1987 - 1989) 2. Tidskriften.dk. 28 September 2011. 25 April 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120425121232/http://www.tidsskrift.dk/visning.jsp?markup=&print=no&id=75977. dead.
  11. Book: Venezuelas S.O.S. Skal Danske udvandre til Venezuela?.. 1938. 28. C. Hansen Vildrose.
  12. News: 187 Danes Sail to Set Up Settlement in Venezuela. 29 September 2011. The New York Times. 5 June 1938.
  13. Book: Commercial relations of the United States with foreign countries. 1856. 504094470. 28 September 2011. 625.
  14. Web site: Country information. 28 September 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20120425121557/http://www.gkcaracas.um.dk/en/menu/AboutVenezuela/CountryInformationInDanish/. 25 April 2012. dead.
  15. News: Chavez: Danmark undertrykker mere end Venezuela. 28 September 2011. Politiken. 17 December 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20100325165205/http://politiken.dk/klima/Topmode_i_Kobenhavn/article862838.ece. 25 March 2010. dead.
  16. News: Venezuelan Climate Envoy Recalls 'Bloody Palm' Incident, Has High Hopes for Cancun. 28 September 2011. The New York Times. 10 November 2009.
  17. Web site: Denmark provides support to Venezuelan refugees and migrants . 2024-03-05 . UNHCR Nordic and Baltic Countries . en.

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