Democratic Liberal Party (Romania) Explained

Democratic Liberal Party
Native Name:Partidul Democrat-Liberal
Foundation:15 December 2007
Dissolution:17 November 2014
Merger:Democratic Party &<br />Liberal Democratic Party
Merged:National Liberal Party
Headquarters:Aleea Modrogan, 1
Bucharest
Membership Year:2014
Membership:218,013[1]
Position:Centre-right[2] [3]
National:Right Romania Alliance (2012)
Christian Liberal Alliance (2014)
European:European People's Party
Europarl:European People's Party
Colours:Orange and Blue
Country:Romania

The Democratic Liberal Party (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Partidul Democrat-Liberal, PDL) was a liberal-conservative political party in Romania. The party was formed on 15 December 2007, when the Democratic Party (PD) merged with the Liberal Democratic Party (PLD). On 17 November 2014 the PDL officially merged into the National Liberal Party (PNL), ceasing to exist.[4] [5] The PDL was associated with Traian Băsescu, who was previously leader of the PD and President of Romania from 2004 to 2014.

History

Background

The PDL traces its roots in the National Salvation Front (FSN), the governing body which, under the leadership of Ion Iliescu, seized power during the Romanian Revolution of 1989 which ended the previous 42 year-long Communist regime in Romania.[6] Conflicts broke out between FSN leaders Ion Iliescu and Petre Roman in early 1992, and this led to the separation of the Iliescu wing under the name of Democratic National Salvation Front (FDSN), which later became the Social Democratic Party (PSD).[7]

In 1993, the FSN was renamed Democratic Party (PD)[8] and distanced itself from its social-democratic roots to gradually become a centre-right party, whose ideology was transmitted to the PDL.

In advance of the 2004 general election, the PD joined forces with the National Liberal Party (PNL) to create the Justice and Truth Alliance (DA), whose main purpose was to oppose the governing Social Democratic Party (PSD).

Foundation

From mid 2005, the PD's relations with the PNL also became strained. On 15 December 2007, the PD merged into the new Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) along with the Liberal Democratic Party (PLD), a splinter group from the PNL which was led by Theodor Stolojan. The PLD approved the merger in a party congress with 933 votes in favour, six abstentions, and one against.[9]

The PDL still kept the social-democratic rose as its symbol, as a memory of PD's left-wing past.[10] [11] [12]

Government of Emil Boc (2008–2012) and Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu

At the 2008 legislative election, the PDL won the most seats in chambers and formed a new government coalition with the PSD. The two parties fell out in 2009 and the government was replaced by another one including the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) and the National Union for the Progress of Romania (UNPR).

Later, in 2012, due to massive street protests, Prime Minister Emil Boc resigned and president Traian Băsescu appointed the independent Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu, former SIE commander, to form a new cabinet which was invested by a vote in Parliament in February 2012. After a two-months parliamentary protest, the opposition managed to pass a motion of no confidence on the 5 May 2012, sending the PDL in opposition. When the government fell, Traian Băsescu consulted the parliamentary parties and decided to nominate PSD leader Victor Ponta as Prime Minister.

2012 local elections

On 10 June 2012, local elections were held in Romania. The PDL was able to win only two county council presidents (namely in the counties of Arad and Alba) and 10 major city mayors (Cluj-Napoca, Brașov, Arad, Suceava, Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Alba Iulia, Tulcea, Târgu Mureș, Piatra Neamț, and Târgoviște), which represented a crushing defeat, even if the party accqired 27% of Romania's mayors and almost 23% of the county and local councillors.

Because of these results, the then president of PDL, Emil Boc, resigned and called for an early National Convention (congress) of the party, which was held on the 30 June 2012. The Convention elected Vasile Blaga to become the new party president of the PDL and Gheorghe Flutur as secretary-general.

2012 parliamentary elections

In the run to the parliamentary elections the PDL announced an alliance with the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (PNȚ-CD) and Civic Force (FC) to form the Right Romania Alliance (ARD).[13] The alliance was dissolved on 9 December 2013.[14]

Breaking up with Băsescu

After Băsescu's break with the new president of PD-L, Vasile Blaga,[15] his supporters created the People's Movement Party (PMP) in June 2013.[16] Years later, 2020, Băsescu tried to rename PMP to Democratic-Liberal Party, but he couldn't get PNL's approval for this.[17] [18] Basescu joked, saying that "the followers of the Brătianu family should remain in the PNL, and Petre Roman's followers should come to the PMP, alluding to the FSN-related past of the PD-L.[19]

2014 European elections

In the 2014 European elections, the PDL received 12.2% of the national vote and returned 5 MEPs.[20]

Merger with the National Liberal Party (PNL)

In late May 2014, the party agreed in principle to a future merger with the National Liberal Party (PNL), and for the two parties to submit a joint candidate for the upcoming 2014 presidential election.[21]

On 17 July 2014 it was announced that the new party formed from a future merger of the PDL and PNL would keep the National Liberal Party name, while being situated in the PDL's existing headquarters in Bucharest and would be registered by the end of 2014.[22] On 26 July 2014, a joint party congress of the PDL and PNL approved the merger.[23] On 28 July 2014 the PDL and PNL formed the Christian Liberal Alliance (ACL) to jointly contest the upcoming presidential election.[24] [25] In the first round of the 2014 presidential election held on 2 November 2014, ACL candidate Klaus Iohannis received 30.4% of the vote, coming in second place behind Victor Ponta, the PSD candidate and incumbent Prime Minister.[26] In the runoff election held on 16 November 2014, Iohannis received 54.5% of the vote, becoming the surprise victory of the Romanian presidency.[27] [28]

Ideology

The PDL's ideology is influenced by liberal conservatism and social conservatism. In this respect the party is a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and the Centrist Democrat International (IDC–CDI).

The PDL supports a consolidation of the free market and is supportive of Romania's flat-rate income tax of 16%. The party also supports reforming the Romanian Constitution in order to bring about a decentralisation in administration and give greater power to the country's eight development regions.

Founding deputies

Shortly before the 2008 legislative election the PDL had 69 deputies, of which

Leadership of PDL

Name
PortraitTerm startTerm endDuration
1Emil Boc
15 December 200730 June 2012
2Vasile Blaga1
30 June 201217 November 2014

Notable members

Electoral history

Legislative elections

ElectionChamberSenatePositionAftermath
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
20082,312,35833.572,228,86032.36 (2008–2009)
(2009–2012)
(2012)
20121,223,18916.511,239,31816.71
(within ARD)1
(2014)
(November 2014)

Notes:

1 Right Romania Alliance members: PDL, FC (1 senator and 3 deputies), and PNȚ-CD (1 senator and 1 deputy).

Presidential elections

ElectionCandidateFirst roundSecond round
VotesPercentagePositionVotesPercentagePosition
20093,153,640 5,275,808
1 2,881,406 6,288,769

Notes:

1 Klaus Iohannis was a member of the PNL, but he was the candidate of the Christian Liberal Alliance (ACL); alliance members: PNL and PDL.

European elections

ElectionVotesPercentageSeatsPositionEU PartyEP Group
20091,438,00029.7%EPPEPP Group
2014680,85312.2%EPPEPP Group

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Precizare ACL privind numarul de membri . 18 November 2014.

  2. Book: Thomas . Jansen . Steven . Van Hecke . At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party . Springer . 2011 . 78 . 9783642194146 .
  3. Book: Erol Külahci. Europeanisation and Party Politics: How the EU affects Domestic Actors, Patterns and Systems. 1 May 2012. ECPR Press. 978-1-907301-22-3. 145.
  4. Web site: PDL, radiat din Registrul partidelor politice. PNL, omorât și reînviat. adevarul.ro. 10 June 2015.
  5. Web site: Alianța Creștin-Liberală desființată oficial. PDL-iștii sunt de astăzi PNL-iști!. Ziarul Unirea. 10 June 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20141205041129/http://www.ziarulunirea.ro/alianta-crestin-liberala-desfiintata-oficial-pdl-istii-sunt-de-astazi-pnl-isti-296397.html. 5 December 2014. dead.
  6. Roper, p.66
  7. Roper, p.70
  8. Roper, p.79
  9. Web site: Romania's Liberal Democrats Vote Merger With Democrats. Mediafax.ro. 10 June 2015.
  10. Web site: PDL păstrează în siglă simbolul trandafirului şi renunţă la cratima dintre "PD" şi "L" - surse . 2024-08-01 . Mediafax.ro . ro.
  11. Web site: 2010-01-25 . Sever Voinescu vrea ca PDL sa se numeasca Partidul Popular si sa isi schimbe sigla: Trandafirii sunt simbol socialist - HotNews.ro . 2024-08-01 . ro-RO.
  12. Web site: 2007-12-07 . Folosirea trandafirului socialist in sigla PDL, partid popular-liberal, va fi contestata de PSD in momentul inscrierii . 2024-08-01 . NewsBucovina . ro-RO.
  13. Web site: Right Romania Alliance officially launched. 10 June 2015.
  14. Web site: First victim of the 2012 local elections: Right Romania Alliance dissolves right after election day . Romania-Insider.com . 2012-12-11 . 2014-07-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121219171309/http://www.romania-insider.com/first-victim-of-the-2012-local-elections-right-romania-alliance-dissolves/71179/ . 2012-12-19 . dead .
  15. Web site: 2013-04-09 . Basescu ever closer to the People’s Movement, PDL takes distance from him . 2024-08-01 . web.archive.org.
  16. Web site: Popular Movement Party (PMP) officially registered . 2024-08-01 . actmedia.eu.
  17. Web site: Traian Băsescu vrea ca PMP să redevină PDL şi anunţă că îi va cere lui Orban să îi cedeze numele fostului partid . 2024-08-01.
  18. Web site: 2020-08-12 . PMP vrea să își schimbe denumirea în PDL. Traian Băsescu: „Un partid care merită să existe. Vreau numele înapoi” . 2024-08-01 . Gândul . ro.
  19. Web site: Pavel . Andreea . 2020-08-10 . VIDEO Traian Băsescu vrea ca PMP să redevină PDL și anunță că îi va cere lui Orban să îi cedeze numele fostului partid: ”Urmașii Brătienilor să rămână în PNL, urmașii lui Petre Roman să vină în actualul PMP/ Osatura PMP este din foști membri PDL” . 2024-08-01 . G4Media.ro . ro-RO.
  20. Web site: Archived copy . 2014-05-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140529143553/http://www.bec2014.ro/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/PV-BEC.pdf . 2014-05-29 .
  21. Web site: Romania's largest rightist parties agree on presidential candidate, fusion | Independent Balkan News Agency . Balkaneu.com . 2014-05-29 . 2014-07-16.
  22. Web site: Name of new party from PDL-PNL merger is PNL. ACTMedia – Romanian Business News. 10 June 2015.
  23. Web site: Merger protocol between PNL-PDL, new party statute, approved by joint congress. 10 June 2015.
  24. Web site: Romania Opposition Parties Merge Before Elections. 28 July 2014. 10 June 2015.
  25. Web site: PNL and PDL form the Christian Liberal Alliance. 10 June 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120400/http://www.nineoclock.ro/pnl-and-pdl-form-the-christian-liberal-alliance/. 4 March 2016. dead.
  26. News: Romania's PM Ponta wins first round of presidential election. Reuters. 3 November 2014. 10 June 2015. Ilie. Radu-Sorin Marinas.
  27. News: Romania election surprise as Klaus Iohannis wins presidency. BBC News. 17 November 2014. 10 June 2015.
  28. Web site: Romanians elected Klaus Iohannis their new president for the next five years. 10 June 2015.
  29. http://www.cdep.ro Chamber of Deputies
  30. https://lumeapolitica.ro/europarlamentare-2019/nicolae-stefanuta-usr-plus-aghiotantul-monicai-ridzi-de-la-pdl-cu-un-tata-traseist-cercetat-penal-pentru-coruptie/?amp=1