| Antônio Delfim Netto | |
| Office3: | Minister of Agriculture |
| Term Start3: | 15 March 1979[1] |
| Term End3: | 15 August 1979[2] |
| Predecessor3: | Alysson Paulinelli |
| Successor3: | Amaury Stabile |
| President3: | João Figueiredo |
| Office4: | Ambassador of Brazil to France[3] |
| Term Start4: | 7 February 1975 |
| Term End4: | 10 February 1978 |
| Predecessor4: | Aurélio de Lira Tavares |
| Successor4: | Ramiro Saraiva Guerreiro |
| President4: | Ernesto Geisel |
| Office5: | Minister of Finance[4] |
| Term Start5: | 17 March 1967 |
| Term End5: | 15 March 1974 |
| President5: | Artur da Costa e Silva Emílio Garrastazu Médici |
| Predecessor5: | Eduardo Lopes Rodrigues |
| Successor5: | Mário Henrique Simonsen |
| Office2: | Minister of the Department of Planning of the Presidency[5] |
| Term Start2: | 15 August 1979 |
| Term End2: | 14 March 1985 |
| President2: | João Figueiredo |
| Predecessor2: | Mário Henrique Simonsen |
| Successor2: | João Sayad |
| Office: | Federal Deputy for São Paulo[6] |
| Term Start: | 1 February 1987 |
| Term End: | 1 February 2007 |
| Constituency: | At-large |
| Birth Date: | 1928 5, df=y[7] |
| Birth Place: | São Paulo, Brazil[8] |
| Death Place: | São Paulo, Brazil |
| Party: | PP (2011–2024) |
| Blank1: | Field |
| Data1: | Monetarism[9] Estruturalism[10] |
| Blank2: | School or tradition |
| Data2: | Monetarism |
| Alma Mater: | School of Economics, Business and Accounting of the University of São Paulo |
Antônio Delfim Netto (pronounced as /pt-BR/; 1 May 1928 – 12 August 2024) was a Brazilian economist, academic, and politician who was the Minister of Finance, Agriculture, and Planning, as well as a congressman. During his incumbency as Minister of Finance of Brazil, the country experienced the so-called Economic Miracle, a time of unprecedented economic growth.
The Milagre Econômico overseen by Delfim Netto relied on a heterodox, developmentalist model.[11] The economic expansion relied on low wages, rapidly rising exports, and foreign capital inflows. Delfim Netto gave another added meaning to the phrase "cake theory" in reference to this model: the cake had to grow before it could be distributed. Although the "cake" in his metaphor did grow, it was highly unequally distributed. Delfim Netto died in São Paulo on 12 August 2024, at the age of 96.[12]