Defense Intelligence Headquarters Explained

Agency Name:Defense Intelligence Headquarters
Nativename:DIH
Nativename A:情報本部
Nativename R:Jōhōhonbu
Preceding1:Annex Chamber, Second Intelligence Division, Ground Staff Office
Jurisdiction:Japan
Headquarters:Ichigaya, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Employees:2,608 personnel (1,936 uniformed/292 civilian) (2024)[1]
Budget:¥ 75.8 billion (2021)
Parent Agency:Ministry of Defense
Website:Official Site

The [2] is a military intelligence and signal intelligence agency of the Japanese government, under the jurisdiction of the Japanese Ministry of Defense. It is currently one of the biggest Japanese intelligence agencies,[3] with its creation and structure modeled after the American Defense Intelligence Agency.[4]

History

Back in the 1980s, the former Defense Agency had several intelligence divisions with different duties. Among these intelligence divisions in the Defense Agency had included those from the Central Data Command Unit, the Joint Staff Council's Second Office and the three branches from the chiefs of staff in the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF).[5] Most of the DIH's establishment was based on the Annex Chamber (or Special Annex), Second Intelligence Division, Ground Staff Office. They were involved in intercepting communications that led to and after the shooting of Korean Air Lines Flight 007 through the Wakkanai Station.[4]

A supposed plan to integrate the intelligence divisions of the three JSDF branches started in 1988 before lack of cooperation and subordination ended it.[5]

Plans to consolidate all the intelligence bureaus of the old Defense Administration into one agency had started in the 1990s[6] after the National Diet had passed a law in May 1996, calling for the creation of a central military intelligence agency before the DIH was eventually established on January 20, 1997[4] [7] after intelligence units from the JSDF, Japanese Defense Agency and the Joint Staff council are united[8] with the appointment of Lieutenant General Kunimi Masahiro as the agency's first commanding officer.[3]

Initially, DIH civilian and military staff members were numbered at 1,580[7] with a planned manpower of 2,000 personnel[9] before it reached its current manpower of 2,300 staff members.[10] [11] In 2011, the manpower is 1,907 members[12]

Spy satellites had been planned for launch in 1998 as part of augmenting the DIH's intelligence gathering capabilities. Though two were able to launch into space, two more were destroyed in a botch attempt to send them to space.[13]

In 2005, the DIH has suffered its first internal leak of classified information when a Colonel in the JASDF had been arrested for allegedly leaking information regarding the accident of a People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine that took place in the same year in the South China Sea.[14]

The DIH had announced in 2006 that a liaison office was established in Washington, D.C., with the National Security Agency.[15]

By FY 2027, the DIH plans to use AI to automate intelligence collection through OSINT and future forecast functions.[1]

Known activities

Command

The DIH is under the jurisdiction of the Joint Staff and is controlled by the Defense Intelligence Committee, which is made up of the Chiefs of Staff of the JGSDF, JMSDF and JASDF along with the Chief of Staff, Joint Staff, State Minister of Defense and the Minister of Defense.[19] [20]

Command of the DIH was given directly to the Japanese Minister of Defense in March 2006.[10] The deputy officer is usually a civilian officially appointed by the MOD.[21] Four Defense Intelligence Officers (DIOs) are also appointed with three being colonels from the JGSDF or the JASDF with one a civilian official.[21]

The SIGINT facilities managed by the Chobetsu (Chosa Besshitsu) or the Annex Chamber, Second Section, Second Investigation Division in English, from 1958 to 1997, is currently managed by the DIH.[22] Command of the SIGINT division is usually filled by a senior officer appointed by the NPA from the Prefectural Police.[23] [24]

Organization

A number of divisions were established under the DIH, including the following:[20] [25] [26]

DirectorateMandate
Directorate for AdministrationProvides administrative and logistics support
Directorate for ProgramsConducts and plans DIH's intelligence collection/analysis plans. Serves as the point of contact when coordinating work with intelligence agencies in and out of the MOD.
Directorate for Geospatial IntelligenceAnalyzes satellite images from various satellites and geospatial-based information.
Directorate for Signal IntelligenceAnalyzes SIGINT intelligence. Is responsible for its electronics unit in Ichigaya to monitor North Korea-based communications. It also manages two CDAA 'elephant cages,' as well as six other communications offices. They are located in Kobunato, Niigata Prefecture, Oi, Saitama Prefecture, Tachiarai, Fukushima Prefecture and Kikaijima, Kagoshima Prefecture.
Directorate for AssessmentSummarizes/assesses open-source intelligence from Japanese military attachés serving abroad, intelligence from friendly nations and from DIH collaborators and agents
Directorate for Joint IntelligenceCollect and analyse intelligence which is needed to cope with immediately and support Chief of JSO and SDFs directly. This division is a part of DIH, but also is expected to be used as J-2 of JSO.

Role

The main role of the DIH is to collect information and analyse for planning defense and operation policy. The agency collect information from open sources, signals and image intelligence as well as from other Japanese government ministries, Japanese embassies and other affiliated ministries and organizations.[10] [25] In addition, they also gather intelligence through surveillance activities.[27]

It is not allowed to obtain non-military intelligence in Japan or information from cyberspace.[28]

Seal

The seal of the DIH consist of the following symbols:

Known DIH directors

DIH directors are usually positioned by a Lieutenant General from the JGSDF/JASDF or a Vice Admiral from the JMSDF.

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. https://www.mod.go.jp/en/images/ed8cf86c9f9cad56f540d58d782f0e5dc50bc272.pdf
  2. Web site: 部局課名・官職名英訳名称一覧 . Names of Government Organizations and Positions . June 9, 2008.
  3. Web site: Japan's Growing Intelligence Capabilities . Andrew Oros . https://web.archive.org/web/20090320155104/http://andreworos.washcoll.edu/password/oros_ijic_0102.pdf . 2009-03-20 . June 9, 2008 .
  4. News: NAPSNet Daily Report 24 January, 1997 | Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability. https://web.archive.org/web/20190523120653/https://nautilus.org/napsnet/napsnet-daily-report/napsnet-daily-report-24-january-1997/. 2019-05-23. Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability | We Hold That It is Possible to Build Peace, Create Security, and Restore Sustainability for All People in Our Time. 24 January 1997.
  5. Web site: Defence Intelligence Headquarters (DIH). https://web.archive.org/web/20200111105700/https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/japan/dih.htm. 2020-01-11.
  6. Web site: [<!-- do not turn into archive, the actual url is blocked by wikipedia --> https://web.archive.org/web/20191225205914/http://www.faqs.org/espionage//Int-Ke/Japan-Intelligence-and-Security.html Japan, Intelligence and Security ]. December 25, 2019. . .
  7. Web site: Defence Intelligence Headquarters . June 9, 2008 .
  8. Web site: [INDONESIA-P] CSM - Asia Eyes New J. https://web.archive.org/web/20041108015922/http://www.hamline.edu/apakabar/basisdata/1997/03/21/0017.html. 2004-11-08 .
  9. Web site: Press Conference by the Press Secretary . June 9, 2008 .
  10. Web site: http://www.mod.go.jp/e/publ/w_paper/pdf/2006/3-1-1.pdf . https://web.archive.org/web/20110930142605/http://www.mod.go.jp/e/publ/w_paper/pdf/2006/3-1-1.pdf . 2011-09-30 .
  11. Web site: http://www.nids.go.jp/english/dissemination/briefing/2006/pdf/100.pdf . https://web.archive.org/web/20080625185434/http://www.nids.go.jp/english/dissemination/briefing/2006/pdf/100.pdf . 2008-06-25 .
  12. Web site: http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/231220.pdf . https://web.archive.org/web/20130214001823/http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/231220.pdf . 2013-02-14 .
  13. Web site: With Eyes Wide Shut: Japan, Heisei Militarization and the Bush Doctrine . nautilus.rmit.edu.au . 11 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091013080104/http://nautilus.rmit.edu.au/publications/japanese-militarization.html . 13 October 2009 . dead.
  14. Web site: The secrets of the sea. https://web.archive.org/web/20160410173058/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2008/04/07/editorials/the-secrets-of-the-sea/. 2016-04-10. 7 April 2008.
  15. Web site: 29 Sept 2006 news feed . https://web.archive.org/web/20111004090025/http://www.space-library.com/060929MS.pdf . 2011-10-04 . space-library.com .
  16. Web site: Section 2. Response of the Defense Agency to the Missile Launch by North Korea . June 16, 2008 .
  17. Web site: Japan's Secret SIGINT Organizations: Focusing On North Korea . https://web.archive.org/web/20080317193032/http://www.popular-communications.com/March+07+PC+Highlights.html . 2008-03-17 . June 15, 2008 .
  18. News: The Untold Story of Japan's Secret Spy Agency . May 19, 2018 . Ryan . Gallagher . https://web.archive.org/web/20180521231622/https://theintercept.com/2018/05/19/japan-dfs-surveillance-agency/ . May 21, 2018.
  19. Web site: 防衛省・自衛隊：防衛省ウェブサイトのＨｔｔｐｓへの切り替えのお知らせ. https://web.archive.org/web/20181005154101/http://www.mod.go.jp/dih/gaiyou.html. 2018-10-05.
  20. Web site: Japan Primer . University of Texas . 2007 . 2007-10-06 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080625185434/http://www1.apan-info.net/Portals/45/VIC_Products/2007/04/070403-P-Japan-web.doc . 2008-06-25 .
  21. Web site: JAPAN'S NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY INFRASTRUCTURE CAN TOKYO MEET WASHINGTON'S EXPECTATION? . Yuki Tatsumi . November 2008 .
  22. https://nautilus.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Japan-SIGINT-Ground-Stations-online.pdf
  23. Web site: 【対北情報戦の内幕-13-】自衛隊が「工作船接近」を知りながら拉致事件を見逃した理由 .
  24. Dover, Goodman and Hillebrand, page 203
  25. Web site: 防衛省・自衛隊：防衛省ウェブサイトのＨｔｔｐｓへの切り替えのお知らせ. https://web.archive.org/web/20090418165548/http://www.mod.go.jp/dih/gaiyou.html. 2009-04-18.
  26. https://www.mod.go.jp/dih/organization.html
  27. Web site: Section 3 Organization of the MOD/SDF. https://web.archive.org/web/20170322181221/https://www.mod.go.jp/e/publ/w_paper/pdf/2007/30Part2_Chap3_Sec3.pdf . 2017-03-22 .
  28. Web site: Japan's Five Eyes chance and challenge. August 26, 2021. East Asia Forum.
  29. Web site: 防衛省・自衛隊：防衛省ウェブサイトのＨｔｔｐｓへの切り替えのお知らせ. https://web.archive.org/web/20070714144058/http://www.mod.go.jp/dih/symbol.html. 2007-07-14.
  30. Web site: U.S. To aid Japan with defensive missile test | the San Diego Union-Tribune . www.sandiegouniontribune.com . 11 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160305075112/http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/uniontrib/20071216/news_1n16missile.html . 5 March 2016 . dead.

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