| David L. Barnes | |
| Office: | Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island |
| Term Start: | April 30, 1801 |
| Term End: | November 3, 1812 |
| Appointer: | Thomas Jefferson |
| Predecessor: | Benjamin Bourne |
| Successor: | David Howell |
| Birth Name: | David Leonard Barnes |
| Birth Date: | 28 January 1760 |
| Birth Place: | Scituate, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America |
| Death Place: | Providence, Rhode Island, US |
| Education: | Harvard University read law |
David Leonard Barnes (January 28, 1760 – November 3, 1812) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island and the winning party and the winning attorney in the first United States Supreme Court decision, West v. Barnes (1791).
Born on January 28, 1760, in Scituate, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America, Barnes graduated from Harvard University in 1780 and read law in 1783. He entered private practice in Taunton, Massachusetts, from 1783 to 1793. He continued private practice in Providence, Rhode Island, from 1793 to 1802. He was United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1797 to 1801.[1]
Barnes won the case of West v. Barnes (1791) representing himself and his wife's family after being admitted to the Supreme Court bar that morning.[2]
Barnes received a recess appointment from President Thomas Jefferson on April 30, 1801, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island vacated by Judge Benjamin Bourne. He was nominated to the same position by President Jefferson on January 6, 1802. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 26, 1802, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on November 3, 1812, due to his death in Providence.