David Ho Explained

David Ho
Birth Date:3 November 1952
Birth Place:Taichung, Taiwan
Native Name:何大一
Other Names:David Da-I Ho
Known For:HIV/AIDS research
Notable Works:Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy
Spouse:Tera Wong
Children:Kathryn, Jonathan, Jaclyn, and Jerren
Education:California Institute of Technology (BS)
Harvard University (MD)
Employer:Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University
David Ho
Showflag:cp
C:何大一
P:Hé Dà-yī
Tp:Hé Dà-yī
W:He2 Ta4-i1
Poj:Hô Tāi-it
Gr:Her Dahi

David Da-i Ho (; born November 3, 1952) is a Taiwanese American[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] AIDS researcher, physician and virologist who has made a number of scientific contributions to the understanding and treatment of HIV infection.[7] He championed for combination anti-retroviral therapy instead of single therapy,[8] which turned HIV from an absolute terminal disease into a chronic disease.[9]

David Ho was born in Taiwan in 1952 and immigrated to the United States in 1965, where he was educated at California Institute of Technology and Harvard Medical School (through the Harvard–MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology) before getting his clinical training at UCLA School of Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital.

He is the founding scientific director of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center[10] and the Clyde and Helen Wu Professor of Medicine at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons,[11] both housed at Columbia University Irving Medical Center.[11] [12]

Early life

David Ho was born in Taichung, Taiwan, to Paul, an engineer, and Sonia Ho (née Jiang) .

David Ho attended Taichung Municipal Guang-Fu Elementary School until sixth grade before immigrating to the United States with his mother and younger brother to unite with his father, who had already been in the US since 1957.[13] He grew up in Los Angeles and graduated from John Marshall High School. He received his Bachelor of Science in biology with highest honors from the California Institute of Technology (1974).[14]

Career

Ho has been engaged in HIV/AIDS research since the beginning of the pandemic, initially focusing on clinical virology and select topics in HIV pathogenesis, including HIV drug resistance. Before 1996, AZT[15] and other early 1990s antiretroviral medication were prescribed in single therapy, which still did not prevent progression to fatal full-blown AIDS.[15] In the mid-1990s, his research team conducted a series of elegant human studies to elucidate the dynamics of HIV replication in vivo. This knowledge, in turn, formed the foundation for their pioneering effort to treat HIV "early and hard"[15] and in demonstrating for the first time the durable control of HIV replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy,[16] which had subsequently developed by scientists at NIAID and Merck.[17] He and his ADARC team presented the remarkable results from using combination antiretroviral therapy at International AIDS Conference 1996.[18] This was the turning point in the epidemic that an automatic death sentence was transformed into a manageable disease.[19]

Ho has published more than 500 research papers as of February 2020.[20]

Ho is a member of the Committee of 100, a Chinese American leadership organization, in addition to several scientific groups.[21]

Ho led a team, funded by the Jack Ma Foundation, to look for a vaccine for the COVID-19 virus.[22]

Honors and titles

Ho was Time magazine's 1996 Man of the Year. Time later recalled the selection surprised both Ho and readers[23] [24] [25] The magazine acknowledged in 1996 that "Ho is not, to be sure, a household name. But some people make headlines while others make history."[23] As of 2020, Ho is the last person to be selected as Person of the Year in a U.S. presidential election year without winning that year's U.S. presidential election. In 1998, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[26] [27] Ho was even briefly mentioned when Alexander Fleming was considered for Person of the Century in 1999, since Fleming could be portrayed as representative of other disease-fighting scientists including Ho,[28] but the title ultimately went to Albert Einstein.

Ho was the chosen commencement speaker at Caltech,[29] MIT,[30] and Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health in 2000.

Ho has received numerous honors and awards for his scientific accomplishments. On January 8, 2001, he was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Clinton.[31] [32]

On December 6, 2006, California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver inducted Ho into the California Hall of Fame located at The California Museum for History, Women, and the Arts.[33]

Ho was awarded the Distinguished Alumni Award by California Institute of Technology in 2015.[34] Ho received the Portrait of a Nation Prize at the National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution in 2017.[35]

Other accolades include the Ernst Jung Prize in Medicine,[36] Mayor's Award for Excellence in Science & Technology, the Squibb Award,[37] the Architect of Peace[38] and the Hoechst Marion Roussel Award.[39]

Ho has been elected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), and the U.S. National Academy of Medicine (formerly Institute of Medicine). He is currently a member of the board of trustees of the California Institute of Technology.[40] He was a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard University and a board member of the MIT Corporation.[41]

He is also a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Ho was recognized by the Kingdom of Thailand with the Prince Mahidol Award in Medicine.[42]

Ho was awarded Hamdan Award for Medical Research Excellence - Immunity in 2022.[43]

Personal life

His family's ancestral home is Xinyu, Jiangxi Province.[44]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 9 medical pioneers to celebrate for Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month. https://web.archive.org/web/20210513183957/https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/9-medical-pioneers-to-celebrate-for-asian-american-and-pacific-islander-heritage-month.html. Becker's Hospital Review. David Ho, MD, for pioneering treatment of HIV/AIDS. Dr. Ho is a Taiwanese American physician who was named Time's Man of the Year in 1996. 2023-10-21. 2021-05-13. live.
  2. Web site: Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Pioneers in Medicine & Science. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610214542/https://myana.org/asian-american-native-hawaiian-and-pacific-islander-pioneers-medicine-science. 2023-06-10. American Neurological Association (ANA) . 2023-10-20. live.
  3. http://www.fapa.org/fapanews/fapanews52000.html Sen. Russ Feingold (D-WI) noted, "Without the contributions of Taiwanese Americans, we would lack the important AIDS research of Dr. David Ho.
  4. https://books.google.com/books?id=lPzsB_wJQW0C&pg=PA130 The Taiwanese Americans
  5. http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2011/09/04/2003512434 Taiwanese-American HIV/AIDS academic joins team
  6. http://www.taiwanheadlines.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=56332&ctNode=5 U.S. Public TV Stations to Broadcast Taiwan Travel Features
  7. Park. Alice. January 25, 2010. Scientist David Ho: The Man Who Could Beat AIDS. https://web.archive.org/web/20110604065341/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1953703-1,00.html. dead. June 4, 2011. Time. January 24, 2010.
  8. (N. Engl. J. Med. 1995; Science 1996)
  9. HIV as a chronic disease. Clinical Medicine. 9. 2. 125–128. 2009-04-01. 10.7861/clinmedicine.9-2-125. 19435115. 4952661. Mahungu. Tabitha. Rodger. Alison. Johnson . Margaret. 2023-01-31. live. 2020-07-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20200723073533/https://www.rcpjournals.org/content/clinmedicine/9/2/125.
  10. Web site: About Us - Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center (ADARC) . https://web.archive.org/web/20230608224604/https://www.adarc.cuimc.columbia.edu/about-us . . 2023-10-27 . 2023-06-08 . live.
  11. Web site: Our Legacy - Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center (ADARC) . https://web.archive.org/web/20230608223916/https://www.adarc.cuimc.columbia.edu/about-us/our-legacy . . ...joined Columbia University Irving Medical Center on January 1, 2020. Dr. David Ho remains as the Center’s Director and has been named the Clyde and Helen Wu Professor of Medicine at Columbia University. . 2023-10-27 . 2023-06-08 . live.
  12. Web site: Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons - Columbia University Irving Medical Center . https://web.archive.org/web/20230607165802/https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/education/vagelos-college-physicians-and-surgeons . . 2023-10-27 . 2023-06-07 . live.
  13. Web site: David Ho, The Chinese American Hero Who Pioneered Drug Therapies For HIV/AIDS . USAonRACE.
  14. Web site: Caltech Commencement Program . June 14, 1974 . Caltech Campus Publications . March 29, 2013.
  15. Time to Hit HIV, Early and Hard. New England Journal of Medicine. 333. 7. 450–451. August 17, 1995. 10.1056/NEJM199508173330710. 7616996. Ho. David. January 29, 2023. limited. live. ... zidovudine was shown in 1990 to slow the clinical progression to AIDS in infected but asymptomatic subjects. However, a follow-up of those subjects found no evidence of longer survival with the use of zidovudine.... September 1, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150901055811/http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199508173330710.
  16. (Nature 1997)
  17. Treatment with Indinavir, Zidovudine, and Lamivudine in Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Prior Antiretroviral Therapy. New England Journal of Medicine. 337. 11. 734–739. 1997. 10.1056/NEJM199709113371102. 9287228. Gulick. Roy M.. Mellors. John W.. Havlir. Diane. Eron. Joseph J.. Gonzalez. Charles. McMahon. Deborah. Richman. Douglas D.. Valentine. Fred T.. Jonas. Leslie. Meibohm. Anne. Emini. Emilio A.. Chodakewitz. Jeffrey A.. Deutsch. Paul. Holder. Daniel. Schleif. William A.. Condra. Jon H.. free.
  18. The Age of AIDS, Part II . . . 2006-05-31. 2023-01-31. 24 (2006). 11. 0:21:50. International AIDS Conference 1996 in Vancouver showing combination therapy results.
  19. Web site: Interviews - David Ho - The Age Of Aids - Frontline. live. Frontline. PBS. ... response with combination therapy was rather dramatic...we see some deathly ill patients totally recover after two to three weeks of good therapy...people got out of their deathbed after a few weeks of therapy.. May 30, 2006. January 29, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20070307045642/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/aids/interviews/ho.html. March 7, 2007.
  20. (Nature 1995; Science 1996)
  21. Web site: MEMBERS Committee of 100. https://web.archive.org/web/20220702122636/https://www.committee100.org/member/david-d-ho. live. Committee of 100. www.committee100.org. February 25, 2020. 2022-07-02.
  22. Web site: COVID-19: Are We Close to a Novel Coronavirus Vaccine?.
  23. Time, Person of the Year: 75th Anniversary Celebration, Special Collector's Edition, Time Books, 2002, p. 108.
  24. Web site: 1996 Man of the Year . . Time Magazine. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20010123235600/http://www.time.com/time/poy2000/archive/1996.html. 2001-01-23.
  25. Dr. David Ho: The Disease Detective. 1996-12-30 . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20221212141913/https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,985762-7,00.html. 2022-12-12. Time. Gorman. Christine . 2023-02-01.
  26. Web site: Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement . www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20221221003453/https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/all-honorees/. 2023-01-31. 2022-12-21.
  27. Web site: David Ho Interview -- Academy of Achievement . www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement. https://web.archive.org/web/20070429191401/http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/hoa0int-1. 2007-04-29. dead.
  28. Time Millennium, Collector's Edition, Time Inc. Specials, p. 21.
  29. https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/science-candle-hope-be-theme-david-hos-caltech-commencement-address-189 “Science as a Candle of Hope"
  30. Web site: AIDS researcher David Ho to be MIT commencement speaker. MIT News.
  31. Web site: The White House - President Clinton Awards the Presidential Citizens Medals Monday, January 8, 2001. dead. Clinton White House. National Archives and Records Administration. 2001-01-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20120801215612/http://clinton5.nara.gov/WH/new/html/Mon_Jan_8_141714_2001.html. 2012-08-01.
  32. Mo, Steven (June 13, 2011). "AIDS Research Pioneer, David Hoe, Talks To Asian Scientist Magazine". Asian Scientist.
  33. Web site: California Hall of Fame - California Museum. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120804005142/http://www.californiamuseum.org/2006. www.californiamuseum.org. 2023-01-31. 2012-08-04.
  34. Web site: Distinguished Alumni. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20200502144536/https://www.alumni.caltech.edu/daa/. Caltech Alumni Association. 2020-05-02.
  35. Web site: 2017 Portrait of a Nation Prize Recipient: Dr. David Ho. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171119040509/https://npg.si.edu/blog/portrait-nation-prize-recipient-dr-david-ho. National Portrait Gallery Smithsonian Institution. November 14, 2017. 2023-01-31. 2017-11-19.
  36. Web site: Ernst Jung Prize. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20220516184837/https://jung-stiftung.de/en/the-awards/ernst-jung-prize-for-medicine/laureates-1976-to-2021/. 2023-01-31. 2022-05-16.
  37. Web site: David D. Ho, MD - Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center (ADARC). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20230107082111/https://www.adarc.cuimc.columbia.edu/profile/david-d-ho-md. www.adarc.cuimc.columbia.edu. September 11, 2020 . Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center. 2023-01-31. 2023-01-07.
  38. Web site:

    David Ho | Architect of Peace

    . dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20100418034913/http://www.architectsofpeace.org/architects-of-peace/david-ho. www.architectsofpeace.org. 2010-04-18.
  39. Web site: 2014 Distinguished Research Career Award | College of Veterinary Medicine - Center for Retrovirus Research . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150907012006/https://vet.osu.edu/retrovirus-research/2014-distinguished-research-career-award. vet.osu.edu. 2023-01-31. 2015-09-07.
  40. Web site: Board of Trustees - Caltech Academic Catalog. California Institute of Technology. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20220907013112/https://catalog.caltech.edu/current/trustees-administration-faculty/board-of-trustees/. 2022-09-07. 2023-01-31.
  41. Web site: Former Corporation Members - The MIT Corporation. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20221106035356/http://corporation.mit.edu/membership/all-members/former-corporation-members. corporation.mit.edu. 2023-01-31. 2022-11-06.
  42. Web site: The Announcement for the Prince Mahidol Award 2013. November 21, 2013. Prince Mahidol Award Foundation.
  43. Web site: Hamdan Award for Medical Research Excellence - Immunity to David Ho. 2023-10-22.
  44. Web site: David Ho Credits His Achievements to Late Father｜Culture｜News｜WantChinaTimes.com. dead. www.adarc.org. February 25, 2020. August 1, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120801010812/http://www.adarc.org/files/David%20Ho%20Credits%20His%20Achievements%20to%20Late%20Father.html.

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