Darren Naish Explained
Darren William Naish (born 26 September 1975) is a British vertebrate palaeontologist, author and science communicator.
As a researcher, he is best known for his work describing and reevaluating dinosaurs and other Mesozoic reptiles, including Eotyrannus, Xenoposeidon,[1] [2] and azhdarchid pterosaurs. Much of his research has focused on Wealden Group fossils from the Isle of Wight.
He is founder of the vertebrate palaeozoology blog Tetrapod Zoology, and has written several popular science books. Naish also makes frequent media appearances[3] and is a scientific consultant and advisor for film, television, museums and exhibitions.[4] [5] Naish is also known for his scepticism and work examining cryptozoology and sea monster sightings and beliefs from a scientific perspective.[4]
Research
He obtained a geology degree at the University of Southampton[6] and later studied vertebrate palaeontology under British palaeontologist David Martill at the University of Portsmouth, where he obtained both an M. Phil. and PhD.[7]
Though initially beginning his research career in palaeontology with the intention of working on fossil marine reptiles, Naish became known for his doctoral work on the basal tyrannosauroid theropod Eotyrannus, a dinosaur that he, together with Steve Hutt and colleagues, named in 2001.[8] He has published articles on the Wealden Supergroup theropods Thecocoelurus, Calamospondylus and Aristosuchus. With Martill and "Dino" Frey,[9] [10] he named a new illegally acquired Brazilian compsognathid theropod Mirischia.[11] In 2004, Naish and Gareth Dyke reinterpreted the controversial Romanian fossil Heptasteornis. Suggested by other authors to be a giant owl, troodontid or dromaeosaurid, it was argued by Naish and Dyke to be an alvarezsaurid, and as such is the first member of this group to be reported from Europe.[12] Other fragmentary European alvarezsaurid specimens have since been reported.
Naish has also published work on sauropod dinosaurs, pterosaurs, fossil marine reptiles, turtles, marine mammals and other fossil vertebrates, and he has also produced articles on other aspects of zoology. He published a series of articles on poorly known cetaceans during the 1990s and in 2004 published a review article on the giant New Zealand gecko Hoplodactylus delcourti.[13]
In 2004 Naish and colleagues described a giant Isle of Wight sauropod dinosaur that appears closely related to the North American brachiosaurid Sauroposeidon, and informally referred to as Angloposeidon.[14] Prior to the 2006 description of Turiasaurus from Spain, this was the largest dinosaur reported from Europe. In 2005 he coauthored the description of the new Cretaceous turtle Araripemys arturi,[15] and in 2006 he and David Martill published a revision of the South American crested pterosaurs Tupuxuara and Thalassodromeus.[16] During 2007 and 2008, Naish and Martill published a major revision of British dinosaurs;[17] [18] Naish also published work with Barbara Sánchez-Hernández and Michael J. Benton on the vertebrate fossils of Galve in Spain. The Galve fossils are significant in including istiodactylid pterosaurs, heterodontosaurids and spinosaurines. In 2007, Naish co-authored the description of the new sauropod Xenoposeidon with fellow Portsmouth-based palaeontologist Mike P. Taylor.[19] In 2008 he published an evaluation of azhdarchid pterosaurs with Mark Witton, in which they argued that azhdarchids were stork- or ground hornbill-like generalists, foraging in diverse environments for small animals and carrion.[20] Along with his colleagues Mike Taylor and Matt Wedel he published a paper on sauropod neck posture in 2008.[21] In 2010 Naish published a paper on the theoretical flotation abilities of giraffes.[22] In 2011 Hone, Naish and Cuthill published a paper on mutual selection in dinosaurs and pterosaurs[23] In 2013, Naish described Vectidraco daisymorrisae, a small azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Isle of Wight.[24] Also in 2013 Naish and Witton published a follow-up to their 2008 paper on terrestrial stalking in azhdarchid pterosaurs.[25] In 2015 Naish and colleagues published on a new, as-yet-unnamed, Transylvanian pterosaur taxon.[26]
In 2017, a new species of pycnodont fish, Scalacurvichthys naishi, was named after Naish.[27]
Publications
Naish has published several popular books on prehistoric animals including Dinosaurs: How They Lived and Evolved[28] [29] co-authored with Paul Barrett (Natural History Museum 2016) Dinosaur Record Breakers (Carlton Kids 2018),[30] the Dorling Kindersley Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Life[31] (2003, with David Lambert and Elizabeth Wyse), the Palaeontological Association book Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight[32] (2001, with David Martill) and the highly acclaimed BBC Walking with Dinosaurs: The Evidence[33] (2000, with David Martill), produced to accompany the TV series Walking with Dinosaurs. In 2010, he published The Great Dinosaur Discoveries[34] as sole author.
In 2012, he published All Yesterdays with John Conway and C. M. Kosemen. It examines the palaeontological reconstruction of dinosaurs by applying the same method to living animal skeletons.
In 2017 Naish published Evolution in Minutes[35] a book answering fundamental questions on the topic of evolution through a collection of mini-essays.
In 2021, he published Dinopedia, a book covering a variety of topics ranging from general concepts of dinosaur anatomy, groups of dinosaurs, significant people, locations, etc.
Naish has also published several books on cryptozoology, including Hunting Monsters: Cryptozoology and the Reality Behind the Myths[36] and Cryptozoologicon: Volume I[37] with John Conway and C. M. Kosemen.
His name is also attached to several children's books on prehistoric animals. Naish is an associate editor for the journal Cretaceous Research and was also on the editorial board of the journal The Cryptozoology Review. He acts as a regular book reviewer for the Palaeontological Association.
Media
Naish has appeared widely on British television, having featured on BBC News 24, Channel 4's Sunday Brunch,[38] Richard & Judy,[39] and Live from Dinosaur Island, as well as the documentary How to build a dinosaur. He appeared on a Channel 4 discussion programme on cryptozoology, presented by journalist Jon Ronson,[40] during the late 1990s. Naish's research on the giant Isle of Wight sauropod "Angloposeidon", on the pterosaur Tupuxuara, and on the sauropod Xenoposeidon was widely reported in the news media,[1] [2] [41] [42] [43] as was his research paper on floating giraffes.[44] [45] [46]
Naish was a scientific advisor for Impossible Pictures,[5] for the 2020 Netflix series Alien Worlds, and for the Apple TV+ series Prehistoric Planet.[47]
Naish has been featured in several stories about so-called mystery carcasses including the Montauk Monster,[48] [49] [50] San Diego Demonoid,[51] Beast of Exmoor,[52] and a Russian mystery monster carcass.[53] He emphasises the effects of taphonomy in making familiar animals unrecognisable.[54]
Among the popular books by Naish that were widely featured in the media were the Cryptozoologicon[55] [56] and All Yesterdays.[57] [58] [59] [60]
In September 2022, Naish spoke at the United Nations Science Summit 2022.[61] [62]
Tetrapod Zoology
In 2006, Naish started a weblog, Tetrapod Zoology, that covered various aspects of zoology. In 2007 he joined the ScienceBlogs network. In July 2011, the blog moved to the Scientific American blog network, as of 31 July 2018 the blog has moved away from Scientific American and is hosted independently.[63] Tetrapod Zoology covers various subjects concerning tetrapods. Topics have included frogs, reptiles, mammals, birds, dinosaurs, pterosaurs and cryptozoology.[63] Together with colleagues Michael P. Taylor and Mathew Wedel, Naish also contributes to the Sauropod Vertebra Picture of the Week blog.[64]
In 2010, Naish published a collection of early articles from Tetrapod Zoology as a book titled Tetrapod Zoology Book One.
Tetrapod Zoology Podcast
The Tetrapod Zoology Podcast[65] was launched on 1 February 2013 and is the official podcast of the TetZooVerse. The podcast covers all things tetrapod and vertebrate palaeontology. The podcast is hosted by Naish and co-host John Conway, For episode 15 the regular hosts were joined by Memo Kosemen, co-author and artist of Cryptozoologicon.[66]
Tetrapod Zoology Convention
TetZooCon[67] is an annual meeting themed around the contents of the Tetrapod Zoology blog. The convention was first held on 12 June 2014 and has taken places in various venues in London. The convention involves talks on a variety of subjects, ranging from palaeontology to cryptozoology, as well as workshops. The convention is organised by Naish and Conway; the former traditionally gives a talk himself, the latter hosts a workshop.[68]
Bibliography
- Naish, D. 2023. Ancient Sea Reptiles: Plesiosaurs, Ichthyosaurs, Mosasaurs, and More. Smithsonian Books.
- Naish, D. 2021. Dinopedia: A Brief Compendium of Dinosaur Lore. Princeton University Press.
- Naish, D. 2019. Hunting Monsters: Cryptozoology and the Reality Behind the Myths Sirius Publications.[69]
- Naish, D. 2017. Evolution in Minutes. Quercus. London.[35]
- Naish, D. 2017. Hunting Monsters: Cryptozoology and the Reality Behind the Myths. Sirius.[36]
- Naish, D., Barrett, P. 2016. Dinosaurs: How They Lived and Evolved. Smithsonian Books.[28]
- Naish, D. 2015. Jurassic Record Breakers, Carlton Kids. London.[70]
- Conway, J., Kosemen, C. M. & Naish, D. 2013. Cryptozoologicon Volume I. Irregular Books.[37]
- Conway, J., Kosemen, C. M. & Naish, D. 2012. All Yesterdays: Unique and Speculative Views of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Animals. Irregular Books.[71]
- Naish, D. 2011. Dinosaur Record Breakers. Carlton Books, London.[30]
- Naish, D. 2010. Tetrapod Zoology Book One. CFZ Press, Bideford.[72]
- Moody, R. T. J., Buffetaut, E., Naish, D. & Martill, D. M. 2010. Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Saurians: A Historical Perspective. Geological Society, London.[73]
- Naish, D. 2010. Dinosaurs Life Size. Barron's Educational Series, New York.[74]
- Naish, D. 2009. The Great Dinosaur Discoveries. A & C Black, London.[34]
- Martill, D. M. & Naish, D. 2001. Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. The Palaeontological Association, London.[32]
- Martill, D. M. & Naish, D. 2000. Walking With Dinosaurs: The Evidence. BBC Worldwide, London.[33]
Further reading
- Hutt, S., Naish, D., Martill, D.M., Barker, M.J., and Newbery, P. (2001). A preliminary account of a new tyrannosauroid theropod from the Wessex Formation (Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research, 22: 227–242.
- Naish, Darren & Dyke, Gareth J. (2004): Heptasteornis was no ornithomimid, troodontid, dromaeosaurid or owl: the first alvarezsaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Europe. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie – Monatshefte 7: 385–401.
- Naish, D. & Martill, D. M. 2007. Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: basal Dinosauria and Saurischia. Journal of the Geological Society, London 164, 493–510.
- Naish, D. & Martill, D. M. 2008. Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: Ornithischia. Journal of the Geological Society, London 165, 613–623.
- Naish, D., D.M. Martill, D. Cooper & K.A. Stevens 2004. Europe's largest dinosaur? A giant brachiosaurid cervical vertebra from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research 25: 787–795.
- Naish, D., Martill, D.M. and Frey, E. 2004. Ecology, Systematics and Biogeographical Relationships of Dinosaurs, Including a New Theropod, from the Santana Formation (?Albian, Early Cretaceous) of Brazil. Historical Biology. 2004, 1–14.
- Naish, D., Conway, J., Koseman, C. M. All Yesterdays: Unique and Speculative Views of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Animals. Irregular Books, 2012.
- Kosemen, C. M., Conway, J. Naish, D. (Foreword), 2013. All Your Yesterdays. Irregular Books.
External links
Notes and References
- News: Connor . Steve . 23 November 2004 . Dinosaur bones on Isle of Wight rewrite evolutionary history . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180623032831/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/dinosaur-bones-on-isle-of-wight-rewrite-evolutionary-history-534292.html . 23 June 2018 . 25 April 2018 . The Independent . en-GB.
- News: Fossil is new family of dinosaur. 15 November 2007. 25 April 2018. en-GB. 22 July 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20080722062228/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7096104.stm. live.
- Web site: Naish. Darren. Jurassic World's missed opportunity (Opinion). 2020-12-05. CNN. 11 June 2015.
- Web site: 2020-02-25. Meet Dr Darren Naish National Maritime Museum Cornwall. 2020-12-05. NMMC. en.
- Web site: Naish. Darren. Dinosaurs in the Wild: An Inside View. 2020-12-05. Scientific American Blog Network. en.
- Web site: Darren Naish University of Southampton. 23 April 2018. soton.academia.edu. en. 13 November 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171113001037/http://soton.academia.edu/DarrenNaish. live.
- Web site: Darren Naish BSc, M.Phil., PhD University of Southampton, Southampton Institute for Life Sciences (IfLS). 23 April 2018. ResearchGate. en. 24 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180424071623/https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Darren_Naish2. live.
- Hutt. Stephen. Naish. Darren. Martill. David M.. Barker. Michael J.. Newbery. Penny. 16881410. A preliminary account of a new tyrannosauroid theropod from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research. 22. 2. 227–242. 10.1006/cres.2001.0252. 2001. 2001CrRes..22..227H . 21 January 2023. 2 March 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230302221439/https://doc.rero.ch/record/14510/files/PAL_E1710.pdf. live.
- Naish. Darren. Martill. David M.. January 2002. A reappraisal of Thecocoelurus daviesi (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 113. 1. 23–30. 10.1016/s0016-7878(02)80003-7. 2002PrGA..113...23N . 0016-7878. 10.1.1.394.9404.
- Naish. Darren. January 2002. The historical taxonomy of the Lower Cretaceous theropods (Dinosauria) Calamospondylus and Aristosuchus from the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 113. 2. 153–163. 10.1016/s0016-7878(02)80017-7. 2002PrGA..113..153N . 0016-7878. 10.1.1.394.8883.
- Naish. Darren. Martll. David M.. Frey. Eberhard. 17 May 2006. Ecology, Systematics and Biogeographical Relationships of Dinosaurs, Including a New Theropod, from the Santana Formation (?Albian, Early Cretaceous) of Brazil. Historical Biology. 16. 2–4. 57–70. 10.1080/08912960410001674200. 10.1.1.394.9219. 18592288.
- Naish. Darren. Dyke. Gareth. 1 July 2004. Heptasteornis was no ornithomimid, troodontid, dromaeosaurid or owl: The first alvarezsaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Europe. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte. 2004. 7. 385–401. 10.1127/njgpm/2004/2004/385.
- Naish. Darren. 1 January 2004. New Zealand's giant gecko: a review of current knowledge of Hoplodactylus delcourti and the kawekaweau of legend. The Cryptozoology Review. 4.
- Naish. Darren. Martill. David M.. Cooper. David. Stevens. Kent A.. Europe's largest dinosaur? A giant brachiosaurid cervical vertebra from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research. 25. 6. 787–795. 10.1016/j.cretres.2004.07.002. 2004. 2004CrRes..25..787N .
- Fielding. Sarah. Martill. David M.. Naish. Darren. November 2005. Palaeontology. en. 48. 6. 1301–1310. 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00508.x. 0031-0239. Solnhofen-Style Soft-Tissue Preservation in a New Species of Turtle from the Crato Formation (Early Cretaceous, Aptian) of North-East Brazil. 2005Palgy..48.1301F . free.
- Martill. David M.. Naish. Darren. July 2006. Cranial crest development in the Azhdarchoid pterosaur Tupuxuara, with a review of the genus and tapejarid monophyly. Palaeontology. en. 49. 4. 925–941. 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00575.x. 2006Palgy..49..925M . 0031-0239. free.
- Naish. D.. Martill. D. M.. 1 May 2007. Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: basal Dinosauria and Saurischia. Journal of the Geological Society. 164. 3. 493–510. 10.1144/0016-76492006-032. 2007JGSoc.164..493N. 19004679. 0016-7649.
- Naish. D.. Martill . D. M.. 1 May 2008. Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: Ornithischia. Journal of the Geological Society. 165. 3. 613–623. 10.1144/0016-76492007-154. 2008JGSoc.165..613N. 129624992. 0016-7649.
- Taylor. Michael P.. Naish. Darren. 1 November 2007. Palaeontology. en. 50. 6. 1547–1564. 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00728.x. 1475-4983. An Unusual New Neosauropod Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Hastings Beds Group of East Sussex, England. 2007Palgy..50.1547T . free.
- Witton. Mark P.. Naish. Darren. 28 May 2008. A Reappraisal of Azhdarchid Pterosaur Functional Morphology and Paleoecology. PLOS ONE. en. 3. 5. e2271. 10.1371/journal.pone.0002271. 1932-6203. 2386974. 18509539. 2008PLoSO...3.2271W. free.
- Taylor . Michael P. . Wedel . Mathew J. . Naish . Darren . and . June 2009 . Head and Neck Posture in Sauropod Dinosaurs Inferred from Extant Animals . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . en . 54 . 2 . 213–220 . 10.4202/app.2009.0007 . 0567-7920 . free.
- Henderson. Donald M.. Naish. Darren. July 2010. Predicting the buoyancy, equilibrium and potential swimming ability of giraffes by computational analysis. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 265. 2. 151–159. 10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.04.007. 20385144. 2010JThBi.265..151H . 0022-5193.
- Hone . David W.E. . Naish . Darren . Cuthill . Innes C. . and . 19 December 2011 . Does mutual sexual selection explain the evolution of head crests in pterosaurs and dinosaurs? . Lethaia . en . 45 . 2 . 139–156 . 10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00300.x . 0024-1164.
- Naish . Darren . Simpson . Martin . Dyke . Gareth . and . 18 March 2013 . A New Small-Bodied Azhdarchoid Pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of England and Its Implications for Pterosaur Anatomy, Diversity and Phylogeny . PLOS ONE . en . 8 . 3 . e58451 . 2013PLoSO...858451N . 10.1371/journal.pone.0058451 . 1932-6203 . 3601094 . 23526986 . free.
- Witton. Mark. Naish. Darren. 2013. Azhdarchid pterosaurs: water-trawling pelican mimics or 'terrestrial stalkers'?. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. en. 10.4202/app.00005.2013. 0567-7920. free.
- Vremir . Mátyás . Witton . Mark . Naish . Darren . Dyke . Gareth . Brusatte . Stephen L. . Stephen L. Brusatte . Norell . Mark . Totoianu . Radu . and . 17 March 2015 . A Medium-Sized Robust-Necked Azhdarchid Pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchidae) from the Maastrichtian of Pui (Haţeg Basin, Transylvania, Romania) . live . American Museum Novitates . 3827 . 1–16 . 10.1206/3827.1 . 0003-0082 . 54068293 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230831231852/https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/d213d538-74c8-45f1-956a-30a83cec4ac7/content . 31 August 2023 . 26 September 2019 . 2246/6582.
- Cawley . John J. . Kriwet . Jürgen . and . 2017 . A new pycnodont fish, Scalacurvichthys naishi gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous of Israel . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology . 16 . 8 . 659–673 . 10.1080/14772019.2017.1330772 . 5849399 . 29551954.
- Book: Naish . Darren . Dinosaurs: how they lived and evolved . Barrett . Paul M. . Natural History Museum . 2016 . 978-0565093112 . London . 948337113 . amp.
- Fastovsky. David E.. 24 August 2017. Dinosaurs: How They Lived and Evolved by Darren Naish and Paul Barrett. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 92. 3. 305. 10.1086/693579. 0033-5770.
- Book: Naish, Darren. Dinosaur Record Breakers . 2018. Carlton Books. 978-1783123810. [S.l.]. 1020279192.
- Book: Lambert, David. Encyclopedia of dinosaurs & prehistoric life. Dorling Kindersley. Naish, Darren; Wyse, Elizabeth; Blount, Kitty; Crowley, Maggie; Bada, Kathleen; American Museum of Natural History. 2003. 978-1405300995. London. 47232030.
- Book: Martill, David M. . Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight . Naish . Darren . Palaeontological Association . 2001 . 978-0901702722 . London . 47747920.
- Book: Martill, David M. . Walking with dinosaurs: the evidence . Naish . Darren . BBC . 2000 . 978-0563537434 . London . 47696397.
- Book: Naish, Darren. The great dinosaur discoveries. 2009. A & C Black. 978-1408119068. London. 320494340.
- Book: Naish, Darren . Evolution in minutes . Quercus . 2017 . 978-1786485151 . New York . 1013543810.
- Book: Naish, Darren . Hunting monsters: cryptozoology and the reality behind the myths . September 2017 . Sirius . 978-1784288624 . London . 973280941.
- Book: Conway, John. Cryptozoologicon: the biology, evolution, and mythology of hidden animals: volume 1. Irregular Books. Kosemen, C. M., Naish, Darren. 2013. 978-1291621532. 870904128.
- Web site: Sunday Brunch – On Demand – All 4. channel4.com. en. 25 April 2018. 26 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180426012209/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/sunday-brunch/on-demand/66107-008. live.
- News: Darren Naish on Twitter. Twitter. 25 April 2018. en. 31 August 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230831231840/https://twitter.com/TetZoo/status/841641536228098049. live.
- Cryptozoology . For the Love of... . 1997-03-25 . 1 . 6 . 2023-10-29.
- News: Henderson . Mark . 23 November 2004 . Britain's biggest dinosaur roamed the Isle of Wight . en . The Times . live . 25 April 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180426075843/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/britains-biggest-dinosaur-roamed-the-isle-of-wight-2jhb3j9qznj . 26 April 2018 . 0140-0460.
- News: Lloyd . Robin . 19 November 2007 . Newfound Dinosaur Dubbed 'Alien Sauropod' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180426011818/https://www.livescience.com/4721-newfound-dinosaur-dubbed-alien-sauropod.html . 26 April 2018 . 25 April 2018 . Live Science.
- News: Student discovers new dinosaur. 14 November 2007. Metro. 25 April 2018. en-GB. 26 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180426011708/http://metro.co.uk/2007/11/14/student-discovers-new-dinosaur-513815/. live.
- News: Messenger . Stephen . 11 October 2018 . Think Giraffes Can't Swim? Science Proves They Can . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180426213208/https://www.treehugger.com/natural-sciences/think-giraffes-cant-swim-science-proves-they-can.html . 26 April 2018 . 26 April 2018 . TreeHugger . en.
- News: Giraffes can swim, though poorly: study. CBC News. 26 April 2018. en-US. 3 February 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170203134418/http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/giraffes-can-swim-though-poorly-study-1.972860. live.
- Web site: Quigley . Robert . 2 June 2010 . Glad That's Resolved: Computer Simulation Shows Giraffes Can Swim . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180427044530/https://www.themarysue.com/giraffes-can-swim/ . 27 April 2018 . 26 April 2018 . themarysue.com . en.
- Web site: Funnell . Rachael . 6 April 2022 . Palaeontologists Rejoice As 'Prehistoric Planet' Presents A Realistic View Of The Cretaceous . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220407101802/https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/palaeontologists-rejoice-as-prehistoric-planet-presents-a-realistic-view-of-the-cretaceous/ . 7 April 2022 . 2022-04-27 . IFLScience . en.
- News: Return of the Montauk Monster: Same Ol' Myth?. Live Science. 30 April 2018. 1 May 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180501004542/https://www.livescience.com/3602-return-montauk-monster-ol-myth.html. live.
- News: National Geographic's Wild Case Files covers the 'Montauk monster'. Tetrapod Zoology. 30 April 2018. en-US. 30 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180430181706/http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2011/05/16/wild-case-files-montauk-monster/. live.
- Web site: Montauk Monster and the Raccoon Body Farm – CSI. csicop.org. 2 November 2012. 30 April 2018. 30 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180430181721/https://www.csicop.org/sb/show/montauk_monster_and_the_raccoon_body_farm. live.
- News: What Is This Chupacabra-Demonoid Monster?. Radford. Ben. 2 February 2012. Seeker. 30 April 2018. 30 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180430182846/https://www.seeker.com/what-is-this-chupacabra-demonoid-monster-1765638964.html. live.
- News: Animal's carcass not Exmoor Beast. Vaughan. Lloyd. 13 January 2009. This is The West Country. 30 April 2018. 30 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180430181847/http://www.thisisthewestcountry.co.uk/news/somerset_news/4041711.Animal_s_carcass_not_Exmoor_Beast/. live.
- News: idoubtit . 30 June 2015 . Russian mystery monster carcass – Busted . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180430182258/https://doubtfulnews.com/2015/06/russian-mystery-monster-carcass-busted/ . 30 April 2018 . 30 April 2018 . Doubtful News . en-US.
- News: What was the Montauk monster?. Tetrapod Zoology. 30 April 2018. en-US. 27 February 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210227091354/https://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2008/08/04/the-montauk-monster. live.
- News: Cryptozoologicon Could Revolutionize the Field of Monster Studies. Newitz. Annalee. io9. 25 April 2018. en-US. 25 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180425183252/https://io9.gizmodo.com/cryptozoologicon-could-revolutionize-the-field-of-monst-1517552866. live.
- News: The Cryptozoologicon Cryptid. Know Your Meme. 25 April 2018. 25 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180425183747/http://knowyourmeme.com/photos/668634-cryptid. live.
- Book: Conway . John . Books: All Yesterdays . Kosemen . C. M. . Naish . Darren . Irregular Books . 2012 . 978-1291177121 . 25 April 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180425183236/https://www.npr.org/books/titles/166483602/all-yesterdays-unique-and-speculative-views-of-dinosaurs-and-other-prehistoric-a . 25 April 2018 . live . and.
- Web site: Hone . Dave Dr . 24 March 2013 . All Yesterdays – book review . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180426012149/https://www.theguardian.com/science/lost-worlds/2013/mar/24/dinosaurs-fossils . 26 April 2018 . 25 April 2018 . The Guardian . en.
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