Daniel D. Langleben Explained

Daniel Langleben is an American psychiatrist, professor, and scientific researcher. He pioneered a technique for using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a means of lie detection.[1] He has also studied the brain effects of packaging and advertising[2] and how infants' cuteness motivates caretaking in adults.[3]

Biography

He received his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1989 and had his postgraduate training in Psychiatry, Addiction Psychiatry, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at the Medical College of Pennsylvania, the Mount Sinai Hospital, UCSF and Stanford University Hospital.[4]

fMRI and lie detection

See main article: FMRI lie detection.

2001 study

Langleben was inspired to test lie detection while he was at Stanford University studying the effects of a drug on children with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD).[5] He found that these children have a more difficult time inhibiting the truth.[6] He postulated that lying requires increased brain activity compared to truth because the truth must be suppressed, essentially creating more work for the brain. In 2001, he published his first work with lie detection using a modified form of the Guilty Knowledge Test, which is sometimes used in polygraph tests.[7] The subjects, right-handed, male college students, were given a card and a Yes/No handheld clicker.[8] They were told to lie to a computer asking questions while they underwent a brain scan only when the question would reveal their card.[9] [10] The subjects were given $20 for participating, and told they would receive more money if they deceived the computer; however, none did.[11]

His studies showed that the inferior and superior prefrontal and anterior cingulate gyri and the parietal cortex showed increased activity during deception.[12] In 2002, he licensed his methods for lie detection to the No Lie MRI company located in San Diego, California.

Critiques

Critiques of this technique point out that fMRI does not actually measure lying, only the increased brain activity that occurs when one is lying. Using fMRI for lie detection could then lead to false positives produced by anxiety or other causes.[13]

Another concern is that a "lie" is not always clear-cut, and may be a complex concept. More complex types of deception may not be detected by imaging techniques.[14]

Selected publications

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Dennis Coon. John Mitterer. Psychology: A Journey. 1 January 2013. Cengage Learning. 978-1-133-95782-9. 72.
  2. Wang . AL . Ruparel . K . Loughead . JW . Strasser . AA . Blady . SJ . Lynch . KG . Romer . D . Cappella . JN . Lerman . C . Langleben . DD . 2013 . Content matters: neuroimaging investigation of brain and behavioral impact of televised anti-tobacco public service announcements . J Neurosci . 33 . 17. 7420–7427 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3840-12.2013 . 23616548 . 3773220.
  3. Glocker . ML . Langleben . DD . Ruparel . K . Loughead . JW . Valdez . JN . Griffin . MD . Sachser . N . Gur . RC . June 2009 . Baby schema modulates the brain reward system in nulliparous women . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 106 . 22. 9115–9119 . 10.1073/pnas.0811620106 . 19451625 . 2690007. 2009PNAS..106.9115G . free .
  4. Web site: Daniel D. Langleben. University of Pennsylvania. 9 July 2014.
  5. Silberman. Steve. Don't Even Think About Lying. Wired. 9 July 2014. Issue 14.01. 2006.
  6. Book: Prospect: Politics, Essay, Review. October 2009. C. Seaford.
  7. Book: Zack Lynch. Byron Laursen. The Neuro Revolution: How Brain Science Is Changing Our World. registration. 21 July 2009. St. Martin's Press. 978-1-4299-8823-0. 29.
  8. Bonnier Corporation. Popular Science. The Popular Science Monthly. August 2002. Bonnier Corporation. 58. 0161-7370.
  9. Boy Scouts of America, Inc.. Boys' Life. Boys' Life. Inkprint Edition. January 2005. Boy Scouts of America, Inc.. 11. 0006-8608.
  10. Book: Committee on Science, Technology, Law. Policy and Global Affairs. Committee on the Development of the Third Edition of the Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence . Federal Judicial Center . National Research Council. Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence:: Third Edition. 26 September 2011. National Academies Press. 978-0-309-21421-6. 803.
  11. Book: Allan Pease. Barbara Pease. Why Men Don't Have a Clue and Women Always Need More Shoes: The Ultimate Guide to the Opposite Sex. registration. 1 January 2004. Broadway Books. 978-0-7679-1610-3. 272.
  12. Langleben. Daniel. Brain activity during simulated deception: an event-related functional magnetic resonance study. NeuroImage. 2002. 15. 3. 727–32. 10.1006/nimg.2001.1003. 11848716. 14676750.
  13. Spence. Sean A.. Playing Devil's Advocate: The case against fMRI lie detection. Legal and Criminological Psychology. February 2008. 12. 1. 11–25. 10.1348/135532507X251597.
  14. Book: National Academy of Engineering. Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering:: Papers from a Workshop, October 14-15, 2003. 2 September 2004. National Academies Press. 978-0-309-16572-3. 61.

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