Pakpak language explained

Pakpak
Nativename:Kata Pakpak
States:Indonesia
Region:Sumatra (northern)
Ethnicity:Pakpak, Singkil
Speakers:1.2 million
Date:1991
Ref:e18
Familycolor:Austronesian
Fam2:Malayo-Polynesian
Fam3:Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
Fam4:Batak
Fam5:Northern
Iso3:btd
Glotto:bata1294
Glottorefname:Batak Dairi
Script:Batak

Pakpak, or Batak Dairi, is an Austronesian language of Sumatra. It is spoken in Dairi Regency, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Parlilitan district of Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Manduamas district of Central Tapanuli Regency, and Subulussalam and Aceh Singkil Regency.

Phonology

Consonants

LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Plosive/
Affricate
voicelesspronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
voicedpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Fricativepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Trillpronounced as /ink/
Lateralpronounced as /ink/
Semivowelpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/

Vowels

FrontCentralBack
Closepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Midpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Openpronounced as /ink/

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Book: Simbolon, Apul. Fonologi bahasa Batak Dairi. Tinambunan. Raman. Pardede. Bertha. Medan: Proyek Penelitian Institut Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. 1978.