DCDC2 explained

Doublecortin domain-containing protein 2 (DCDC2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCDC2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

This gene encodes a protein with two doublecortin peptide domains. This domain has been demonstrated to bind tubulin and enhance microtubule polymerization.^[3]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been associated with reading disability (RD), also referred to as developmental dyslexia.^{[3] [4]} But this is controverse since a recent study proposed that there is a "low likelihood of a direct deletion effect on reading skills."^[5] Changes in the DCDC2 gene are frequently found among dyslexics. Altered alleles often occur among children with reading and writing difficulties. The gene appears to have a strong linkage with the processing of speech information when writing.^{[6] [7] [8]}

Further reading

• Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H . Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones. . DNA Res. . 9 . 3 . 99–106 . 2003 . 12168954 . 10.1093/dnares/9.3.99 . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . 2003Natur.425..805M . etal. free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.
• Meng H, Smith SD, Hager K . DCDC2 is associated with reading disability and modulates neuronal development in the brain. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 102 . 47 . 17053–8 . 2006 . 16278297 . 10.1073/pnas.0508591102 . 1278934 . etal. free .
• Schumacher J, Anthoni H, Dahdouh F . Strong genetic evidence of DCDC2 as a susceptibility gene for dyslexia. . Am. J. Hum. Genet. . 78 . 1 . 52–62 . 2006 . 16385449 . 10.1086/498992 . 1380223 . etal.
• Brkanac Z, Chapman NH, Matsushita MM . Evaluation of candidate genes for DYX1 and DYX2 in families with dyslexia. . Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. . 144 . 4 . 556–60 . 2007 . 17450541 . 10.1002/ajmg.b.30471 . 43864328 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Van Den Eynde BJ, Gaugler B, Probst-Kepper M, Michaux L, Devuyst O, Lorge F, Weynants P, Boon T . A new antigen recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human kidney tumor results from reverse strand transcription . J Exp Med . 190 . 12 . 1793–800 . Jan 2000 . 10601354 . 2195717 . 10.1084/jem.190.12.1793 .
2. Hirosawa M, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Kikuno R, Nomura N, Ohara O . Characterization of cDNA clones selected by the GeneMark analysis from size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain . DNA Res . 6 . 5 . 329–36 . Jan 2000 . 10574461 . 10.1093/dnares/6.5.329 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: DCDC2 doublecortin domain containing 2.
4. Lind PA, Luciano M, Wright MJ, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Bates TC . Dyslexia and DCDC2: normal variation in reading and spelling is associated with DCDC2 polymorphisms in an Australian population sample . Eur. J. Hum. Genet. . 18 . 6 . 668–73 . June 2010 . 20068590 . 2987340 . 10.1038/ejhg.2009.237 .
5. Scerri TS, Macpherson E, Martinelli A, Wa WC, Monaco AP, Stein J, Zheng M, Suk-Han C, McBride C, Snowling M, Hulme C, Hayiou-Thomas ME, Waye M, Talcott JB, Paracchini S . The DCDC2 deletion is not a risk factor for dyslexia.. Transl Psychiatry . 2017. 7. 7. e1182 . 10.1038/tp.2017.151. 28742079 . 5538127.
6. Meng H, Smith SD, Hager K, Held M, Liu J, Olson RK, Pennington BF, DeFries JC, Gelernter J, O'Reilly-Pol T, Somlo S, Skudlarski P, Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Marchione K, Wang Y, Paramasivam M, LoTurco JJ, Page GP, Gruen JR . DCDC2 is associated with reading disability and modulates neuronal development in the brain . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 102 . 47 . 17053–8 . November 2005 . 16278297 . 1278934 . 10.1073/pnas.0508591102 . free .
   • October 28, 2005 . Novel Discovery Of 'DCDC2' Gene Associated With Dyslexia . ScienceDaily .
7. Schumacher, J. . Anthoni H. . Dadouh F. . Strong genetic evidence of DCDC2 as a susceptibility gene for dyslexia. . The American Journal of Human Genetics . 78 . 1 . 52–62 . Jan 2006 . 10.1086/498992 . 16385449 . 1380223 . etal . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130515073329/http://download.cell.com/AJHG/pdf/PIIS0002929707608052.pdf . 2013-05-15 .
8. Marino C, Meng H, Mascheretti S, Rusconi M, Cope N, Giorda R, Molteni M, Gruen JR . DCDC2 genetic variants and susceptibility to developmental dyslexia . Psychiatr. Genet. . 22 . 1 . 25–30 . February 2012 . 21881542 . 10.1097/YPG.0b013e32834acdb2 . 3232293.