DBX2 explained

Homeobox protein DBX2, also known as developing brain homeobox protein 2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DBX2 gene.[1] [2] DBX2, a homeodomain-containing protein, plays an important role in the development of the central nervous system, specifically in the development of the neural tube and brain.[3] The gene DBX2 is located on chromosome 12 and is approximately 36,000 base pairs long. DBX2 is predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription activity as well as being involved in the regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.[4]

Identification

Dbx (developing brain homeobox) was first isolated from a gestational day 13.5 mouse in 1992.[5] There are two Dbx genes (DBX1 and DBX2) which are both important for development of the central nervous system. DBX2 shows conserved expression patterns in the developing brain and spinal cord and plays an important role in neural patterning and differentiation.

Associated diseases

DBX2 has been found to play an important role in the development of glioblastoma which is a lethal brain cancer with poor prognosis.[6] A high expression of DBX2 has been linked to large tumor size in hepatocellular carcinoma[7] while downregulated expression of DBX2 has been associated with endometrial cancer.[8]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Entrez Gene: developing brain homeobox 2.
  2. Pierani A, Moran-Rivard L, Sunshine MJ, Littman DR, Goulding M, Jessell TM . Control of interneuron fate in the developing spinal cord by the progenitor homeodomain protein Dbx1 . Neuron . 29 . 2 . 367–384 . February 2001 . 11239429 . 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00212-4 . 2647092 . free .
  3. Ma P, Zhao S, Zeng W, Yang Q, Li C, Lv X, Zhou Q, Mao B . 6 . Xenopus Dbx2 is involved in primary neurogenesis and early neural plate patterning . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 412 . 1 . 170–174 . August 2011 . 21806971 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.07.068 .
  4. Web site: DBX2 Gene - GeneCards DBX2 Protein DBX2 Antibody . 2022-04-01 . www.genecards.org.
  5. Lu S, Bogarad LD, Murtha MT, Ruddle FH . Expression pattern of a murine homeobox gene, Dbx, displays extreme spatial restriction in embryonic forebrain and spinal cord . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 89 . 17 . 8053–8057 . September 1992 . 1355604 . 49854 . 10.1073/pnas.89.17.8053 . free . 1992PNAS...89.8053L .
  6. He R, Zhang X, Ding L . DBX2 Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation by Regulating REST Expression . Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology . 23 . 8 . 1101–1108 . 2021-08-30 . 34463226 . 10.2174/1389201022666210830142827 . 237364818 .
  7. Hu YT, Li BF, Zhang PJ, Wu D, Li YY, Li ZW, Shen L, Dong B, Gao J, Zhu X . 6 . Dbx2 exhibits a tumor-promoting function in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines via regulating Shh-Gli1 signaling . World Journal of Gastroenterology . 25 . 8 . 923–940 . February 2019 . 30833799 . 6397724 . 10.3748/wjg.v25.i8.923 . free .
  8. Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao S, Qin Q, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Zhu H, Li H . 6 . Low expression of developing brain homeobox 2 (Dbx2) may serve as a biomarker to predict poor prognosis in endometrial cancer . American Journal of Translational Research . 13 . 5 . 4738–4748 . 2021 . 34150054 . 8205784 .

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