| Mass No. 1 | |
| Composer: | Franz Schubert |
| Key: | F major |
| Catalogue: | 105 |
| Form: | Latin: [[Missa solemnis]] |
| Movements: | 6 |
| Vocal: | choir and soloists |
| Instrumental: | orchestra and organ |
Mass No. 1 in F major, 105, is a Mass composed by Franz Schubert in 1814. It is scored for two soprano soloists, two tenor soloists, alto and bass soloists, SATB choir, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, 2 horns, violin I and II, viola, and Italian: [[basso continuo]] (cello, double bass and organ). It was the first of Schubert's Masses to be performed,[1] and is of the Latin: [[missa solemnis]] type.[2]
The Mass was composed for the centennial celebration of the parish church of Lichtental, now part of Vienna.[1] The Schuberts' family church, it is also known as German: Schubertkirche (Schubert church).[3] Schubert received an invitation to compose a Mass for the anniversary in May 1814.[4] The premiere was conducted on 25 September with an estimated 62 performers, a large contingent for contemporary performances.[4] The composer's brother Ferdinand played the organ, Michael Holzer served as choirmaster, Joseph Mayseder served as concertmaster, Therese Grob sang the soprano solo, and Schubert conducted.[5] Schubert's teacher Antonio Salieri may have attended the premiere; afterwards, he is said to have embraced his student with the words "German: der mir noch viele Ehre machen wird" ("You will bring me yet more honour").[6]
Ferdinand wrote that a second performance took place ten days later at St Augustine's Court Church, before a prestigious audience that may have included foreign dignitaries.[5]
Schubert's love for Therese Grob may have been kindled during the writing of this Mass.[7] The prominent first soprano solo, with its high tessitura, was designed to showcase her voice.[5] [8]
Schubert composed an alternative Latin: Dona nobis pacem (formerly 185) in April 1815. This may have been composed for a service during the public outcry over Napoleon's escape from Elba;[8] alternatively, it may have been for a second performance of the Mass at the Lichtental church on Trinity Sunday.[4] It replaces a shorter, less fugal section in the 1814 version.
The piece is divided into six movements. Performances require approximately 40 minutes. Notes are based on Schubert's 1815 revision.
"Latin: Gratias agimus tibi..." Italian: Andante con moto, F major, 3/4; STB soloists
"Latin: Domine Deus, Rex coelestis..." choir
"Latin: Domine Deus, Agnus Dei..." Italian: Adagio, D minor, common time; SATB soloists and choir
"Latin: Quoniam tu solus sanctus..." Italian: Allegro, C major, common time
"Latin: Cum sancto spiritu..." Italian: Allegro vivace, C major, cut common time
"Latin: Dona nobis pacem..." Italian: Allegro molto, F major, 6/8
. Schubert: The Music and the Man. Brian Newbould. 1999. 36. University of California Press . 9780520219571.