D-Deprenyl Explained

-Deprenyl, also known as or dextro-N-propargyl-N-methylamphetamine, is an MAO-B inhibitor that metabolizes into -amphetamine and -methamphetamine and is therefore also a norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]} It is one of the two enantiomers of deprenyl and is the opposite enantiomer of -deprenyl (selegiline).

-Deprenyl, also an MAO-B inhibitor, metabolizes to -amphetamine and -methamphetamine, which are both norepinephrine releasing agents. In contrast, -deprenyl additionally has dopaminergic effects and has been found to be reinforcing in scientific research, whereas -deprenyl is not known to have any appreciable psychological reinforcement.^{[6] [7]}

In addition to its actions as an MAO-B inhibitor and NDRA, -deprenyl has been found to bind with high affinity to the σ₁ receptor (K_i = 79 nM) similarly to various other amphetamine derivatives.^{[8] [9]} Its -isomer, selegiline, binds with 3.5-fold lower affinity in comparison.

See also

• Clorgiline
• Tranylcypromine

Notes and References

1. Thiffault C, Quirion R, Poirier J . The effect of L-deprenyl, D-deprenyl and MDL72974 on mitochondrial respiration: a possible mechanism leading to an adaptive increase in superoxide dismutase activity . Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research . 49 . 1–2 . 127–136 . October 1997 . 9387872 . 10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00135-6 .
2. Thyagarajan S, Madden KS, Boehm GW, Stevens SY, Felten DL, Bellinger DL . L-Deprenyl reverses age-associated decline in splenic norepinephrine, interleukin-2 and interferon-γ production in old female F344 rats . Neuroimmunomodulation . 20 . 2 . 72–78 . January 2013 . 23207416 . 3695399 . 10.1159/000345043 .
3. Muralikrishnan D, Samantaray S, Mohanakumar KP . D-deprenyl protects nigrostriatal neurons against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity . Synapse . 50 . 1 . 7–13 . October 2003 . 12872288 . 10.1002/syn.10239 . 24859873 .
4. Simon L, Szilágyi G, Bori Z, Orbay P, Nagy Z . (-)-D-Deprenyl attenuates apoptosis in experimental brain ischaemia . European Journal of Pharmacology . 430 . 2–3 . 235–241 . November 2001 . 11711036 . 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01375-9 .
5. Yasar S, Schindler CW, Thorndike EB, Szelenyi I, Goldberg SR . Evaluation of the stereoisomers of deprenyl for amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects in rats . The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics . 265 . 1 . 1–6 . April 1993 . 8473997 .
6. Yasar S, Gaál J, Panlilio LV, Justinova Z, Molnár SV, Redhi GH, Schindler CW . A comparison of drug-seeking behavior maintained by D-amphetamine, L-deprenyl (selegiline), and D-deprenyl under a second-order schedule in squirrel monkeys . Psychopharmacology . 183 . 4 . 413–421 . January 2006 . 16292593 . 1360227 . 10.1007/s00213-005-0200-7 .
7. Winger GD, Yasar S, Negus SS, Goldberg SR . Intravenous self-administration studies with l-deprenyl (selegiline) in monkeys . Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics . 56 . 6 Pt 2 . 774–780 . December 1994 . 7995020 . 10.1038/clpt.1994.208 . free . 10021258 . 2027.42/110034 .
8. Book: Itzhak Y . Sigma Receptors. 1994. Academic Press. 978-0-12-376350-1. 84.
9. Book: Stone TW . Acetylcholine, Sigma Receptors, CCK and Eicosanoids, Neurotoxins. January 1993. Taylor & Francis. 978-0-7484-0063-8. 124–.