| D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation | |
| Map: | Developing 8 countries.PNG |
| Msize: | 280px |
| Mcaption: | Members of D-8[1] |
| Formation: | 1996 1997 (1 Summit) |
| Status: | Intergovernmental organization |
| Headquarters: | Istanbul, Turkey |
| Leader Title: | Secretary-General |
| Leader Name: | Ambassador Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam |
| Leader Title2: | President |
| Leader Name2: | Sheikh Hasina |
The D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, also known as Developing-8, is an organisation for development co-operation among Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey.[2]
The combined population of the eight countries is about 1.2 billion or 60% of all Muslims, or close to 13% of the world's population and covering an area of 7.6 million square kilometers, 5% of world land area.[3] In 2006, trade between the D-8 member states stood at $35 billion, and it was around $68 billion in 2010.[4] Transactions between the eight developing countries accounted for 3.3 percent of world trade in 2010.[4] The total nominal GDP of the eight nations was around 4.92 trillion as of 2023.
The main areas of co-operation include finance, banking, rural development, science and technology, humanitarian development, agriculture, energy, environment, and health.[3]
In the first Summit Declaration (Istanbul, 1997), the main objective of D-8 is stated to be socio-economic development in accordance with the following principles:
The fifth D-8 Summit Declaration (Bali, 2006) produced the following, as illustration of the application of the group's objectives:
The Summit, which is convened every two years, has the highest level of authority, and is composed of the leaders of each member state.[6]
The Council is the principal decision-making body and forum for consideration of issues relating to the and is composed of the foreign affairs ministers of each member state.
The Commission has executive authority, and is composed of Commissioners appointed by each member state's government. Commissioners are responsible for promoting compliance with directives in their respective nation. Finally, an executive director is appointed by D-8 members to facilitate communication and to act in a supervisory capacity during each summit or lower-level assembly.
| Date | Host country | Host leader | Location held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | June 1997 |  | Istanbul | |
| 2 | March 1999 |  | Dhaka | |
| 3 | February 2001 |  | Cairo | |
| 4 | February 2004 | Tehran | ||
| 5 | May 2006 |  | Bali | |
| 6 | July 2008 |  | Kuala Lumpur | |
| 7 | July 2010 |  | Abuja | |
| 8 | November 2012 |  | Islamabad | |
| 9 | October 2017 | | Istanbul | |
| 10 | April 2021 | | Virtual | |
| Country | Population (1 July 2023)[7] | Nominal GDP (USD million)[8] | Nominal GDP per capita ($) | PPP GDP (Int$ million) | PPP GDP per capita (Int$) | Life expectancy (years, avg. 2021) | HDI (2021)[9] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bangladesh | 172,954,319 | 509,516 | 2,969 | 1,578,164 | 9,063 | 74.3 | 0.661 (medium) | |
| Egypt | 112,716,599 | 378,110 | 3,644 | 1,803,584 | 16,979 | 71.8 | 0.731 (high) | |
| Indonesia | 277,534,123 | 1,391,778 | 5,016 | 4,398,729 | 15,855 | 71.3 | 0.705 (high) | |
| 89,172,767 | 367,970 | 4,251 | 1,691,819 | 19,548 | 77.3 | 0.774 (high) | ||
| Malaysia | 34,308,525 | 447,026 | 13,382 | 1,230,823 | 36,847 | 74.7 | 0.803 (very high) | |
| Nigeria | 223,804,632 | 506,601 | 2,280 | 1,372,624 | 6,178 | 62.6 | 0.535 (low) | |
| Pakistan | 240,485,658 | 376,493 (2022) | 1,658 (2022) | 1,582,988 | 6,836 | 68 | 0.544 (medium) | |
| Turkey | 85,816,199 | 1,029,303 | 11,931 | 3,572,551 | 41,412 | 78.6 | 0.838 (very high) | |
| Combined/Average | 1,236,792,822 | 4,917,797 | 3,976 | 17,128,282 | 13,849 | 72.0 | N/A |
| No. | Name | Country of origin | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1997 | 2006 | ||
| 2 | 2006 | 2010 | ||
| 3 | 2010 | 2012 | ||
| 4 | 2013 | 2017 | ||
| 5 | 2018 | 2021 | ||
| 6 | 2022 | present | ||