Czytelnik Publishing House Explained

Czytelnik
Status:Active
Founded:1944
Country:Poland
Headquarters:Warsaw

The Czytelnik Publishing House (Polish: Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza „Czytelnik”) is a publishing company in Poland.[1] It was established in 1944 behind the Soviet front line as the Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza "Czytelnik" ("Czytelnik" Publishing Cooperative). As of now, it is the oldest post–World War II publisher in Poland.[2] The word czytelnik means "reader" in Polish.

Intended to be located in Warsaw after the Nazi German withdrawal, it was temporarily headquartered in Lublin and Łódź. In July 1945 the headquarters were moved to Warsaw.[2] Initially, the Czytelnik published newspapers, periodicals, as well as books. Since 1951 publishing of newspapers and periodicals was transferred to the Workers' Publishing Cooperative "Prasa" ("Press"), which was reorganized and greatly expanded in 1973 as the Prasa-Książka-Ruch ("Press-Book-Movement") monopoly financing the PZPR until the end of Soviet domination.[3]

In 1945–48 the publishing house was under heavy influence of a committed Stalinist Jerzy Borejsza. It was a publishing monopoly in Communist Poland, described by Czesław Miłosz as Borejsza's "personal state-within-a-state for books and press".[4] Borejsza was removed from his role during the ousting of Władysław Gomułka in 1948, part of the Soviet-led campaign against the so-called "right-wing and nationalist deviation" in Polish Workers' Party.[5]

Presidents

Book series

Notes and References

  1. http://www.czytelnik.pl/?ID=glowna "Czytelnik" website.
  2. http://www.czytelnik.pl/?ID=podstrona&ID2=o_wydawnictwie History of Czytelnik
  3. Web site: Robotnicza Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza "Prasa-Książka-Ruch" u schyłku okresu PRL i przyczyny jej likwidacji . Kultura i Wychowanie. Rozprawy historyczno-filozoficzne . Nr 5 (1) 2013 . 12 April 2014 . Marta Polaczek-Bigaj . 10 of 10 . PDF file, direct download 2.27 MB . Polish, English . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140413132209/http://www.pedagogika.eu/kiw_05/artykuly/KiW5_56-65.pdf . 13 April 2014 .
  4. http://wyborcza.pl/1,76842,8592524,Najwazniejsza_Borejsza.html "Najważniejsza Borejsza"
  5. Marci Shore, Caviar and Ashes: A Warsaw Generation's Life and Death in Marxism, 1918-1968 p. 298
  6. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Archiwum+Kultury%22 Archiwum Kultury
  7. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Biblioteka+Dwudziestolecia.%22 Biblioteka Dwudziestolecia
  8. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Biblioteka+%22Expressu+Wieczornego%22%22 "Expressu Wieczornego"
  9. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Biblioteka+Gazety+Poznan%CC%81skiej%22 Biblioteka Gazety Poznanskiej
  10. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Biblioteka+Literatury+Faktu+XXX-lecia.%22 Biblioteka Literatury Faktu XXX-lecia
  11. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19966546 Biblioteka Satyry
  12. Zgrzebłem po kołtunie: wybór współczesnej humoreski polskiej, Google Books, google.com. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  13. East European Accessions Index, Volume 2, Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1953, p. 36. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  14. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Biblioteka+Trybuny+Wolnos%CC%81ci%22 Biblioteka Trybuny Wolnosci
  15. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Biblioteka+uniwersyteto%CC%81w+robotniczych%22 Biblioteka Uniwersytetow Robotniczych
  16. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Klub+dobrej+ksia%CC%A8z%CC%87ki%22 Klub Dobrej Ksiazki
  17. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Pamie%CC%A8tniki+kobiet.%22 Pamietniki kobiet
  18. https://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=hotseries&q=se%3A%22Prace+Polskiego+Instytutu+Socjologicznego.%22 Prace Polskiego Instytutu Socjologicznego

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