Czerwień was a West Slavic settlement near the site of modern Czermno near Tyszowce. In early Middle Ages, the town was the administrative centre of the so-called Czerwień Towns, that is the region roughly correspondent to later Red Ruthenia. The town itself had been destroyed by a Tartar raid around 1289, never to be rebuilt. Its role as the local administrative centre was taken over by the town of Bełz.
In addition to being the name of an ancient city, long since destroyed, Land of Czerwień (Polish: Ziemia Czerwieńska) was the name of a region in the southeast of Poland. See Red Ruthenia.
Most of the Land of Czerwien was seized by the Soviet Union, first in September 1939 during the Soviet invasion of Poland.
Then at the end of World War II, Czerwień became one of the territories annexed by the Soviet Union. The main cities in Czerwień, taken into the USSR and now in Ukraine are Lwow, Kolomea, Kowel, Lutsk, Rovno, Sokal, Stryy, Ternopol, etc. Only a very small part of the original Czerwień territory remains in present-day Poland.
In World War II, one of the squadrons of the Polish Air Force in exile was named No. 309 (Land of Czerwień) Squadron.