Cytophaga Explained

Cytophaga is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose^[1] C. hutchinsonii is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Although the mechanism for this is not known, there is a belief that the flagellum is not used ^[1]

Species

The following are some species in Cytophaga:

• Cytophaga hutchinsonii — aerobic cellulolytic soil bacterium that is known for its ability to rapidly glide over surfaces. The mechanism of cellulose digestion is not fully known; however, it is known that C. hutchinsonii has multiple cell-associated cellulolytic enzymes.^[2]

Species previously classified in Cytophaga:

• Flavobacterium psychrophila (previously: "Cytophaga psychrophila)" — causes peduncle or cold water disease in Brook trout; predisposed by subnormal water temperature.
• Flavobacterium columnare (previously: Cytophaga columnaris) — the cause of columnaris disease in salmonid fish, as associated with increased water temperature; it is characterized by white necrotic plaques overlaying skin ulcers; formerly called: Flexibacter columnaris.
• Flavobacterium johnsoniae (previously: Cytophaga johnsonae) — associated with false columnaris disease.
• Breznibacter xylanoticus (previously: Cytophaga xylanolytica) — a gliding bacteria that dominates xylan degradation in freshwater environments ^{[3] [4]}

References

• Book: Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary . registration . Elsevier . 2007 . 3rd.

External links

• Cytophaga at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Notes and References

1. Home - Cytophaga hutchinsonii ATCC 33406. (n.d.). Retrieved May 02, 2017, from http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/cythu/cythu.home.html
2. Zhu. Yongtao. McBride. Mark. 2014. Deletion of the Cytophaga hutchinsonii type IX secretion system gene sprP results in defects in glinding motility and cellulose utilization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 98. 2. 763–755. 10.1007/s00253-013-5355-2. 24257839. 7288131.
3. García-López. Marina. Meier-Kolthoff. Jan P.. Tindall. Brian J.. Gronow. Sabine. Woyke. Tanja. Kyrpides. Nikos C.. Hahnke. Richard L.. Göker. Markus. 2019. Analysis of 1,000 Type-Strain Genomes Improves Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes. Frontiers in Microbiology. English. 10. 2083. 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02083. 31608019. 6767994. 1664-302X. free.
4. Haack. Sheridan Kidd. Breznak. John A.. 1993-01-01. Cytophaga xylanolytica sp. nov., a xylan-degrading, anaerobic gliding bacterium. Archives of Microbiology. en. 159. 1. 6–15. 10.1007/BF00244257. 1993ArMic.159....6H . 21521895. 1432-072X.