Cymbalophora rivularis explained

Cymbalophora rivularis is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Édouard Ménétries in 1832. It is found in central Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, western Iran, Dagestan, Armenia and western Azerbaijan.^{[1] [2]}

These species can be easily distinguished as C. rivularis because they are smaller and have a yellowish abdomen, and exhibits three black spots on the inferior margin of their forewings. Furthermore, the female is brachypterous, whilst the female of the congeneric species, Cymbalophora pudica, is fully winged.^[3]

The wingspan of the male is 20–30 mm.^[4]

The larvae feed on Taraxacum and Plantago species.^[5]

Similar species

• Chelis maculosa
• Cymbalophora pudica

Primary host-plants

!Family!Latin name!Vernacular name

Asteraceae	Taraxacum	Dandelion
Plantaginaceae	Plantago	Plantain

Notes and References

1. Web site: Savela . Markku . Cymbalophora rivularis (Ménétriés, 1832) . Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms . August 23, 2019.
2. Web site: Cymbalophora rivularis (Ménétriés, 1832) . Lepidoptera and their Ecology . October 5, 2018.
3. Silvia . Greco . Francesco Luigi . Leonetti . Stefano . Scalercio . June 29, 2018. View of A relict population of Cymbalophora rivularis on the Pollino Massif, southern Italy (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) . Fragmenta Entomologica . 50 . 1 . 37–41.
4. http://www.tarimkutuphanesi.com/KORUNGA_CADIR_TIRTILI_-_Cymbalophora_rivularis_%28Menetries%29__00410.html "Korunga Cadir Tirtili - Cymbalophora rivularis (Menetries)"
5. http://www.leps.it/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages/CymbaRivul.htm "Cymbalophora rivularis (Ménétriés, 1832)"