Cyanophora paradoxa explained

Cyanophora paradoxa is a freshwater species of Glaucophyte that is used as a model organism.^[1] C. paradoxa has two cyanelles or chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs. Cyanelles are unusual organelles in that they retain a rudimentary peptidoglycan wall.^[2] The cyanelle genome of C. paradoxa strain LB 555 was sequenced and published in 1995.^[3] The nuclear genome was also sequenced and published in 2012.^[4]

Description

Cyanophora paradoxa is a unicellular organism with two flagella, attached near the tip of the cell. The cell body is about 7-15 μm long by 3-6 μm wide; it is roughly ovoid (egg-shaped) in shape, and is covered in ridges that outline triangular or crescent-shaped "fenestrations". Each cell generally has one or two cyanelles.^[5]

Notes and References

1. Nucleotide sequence of the cyanelle genome from Cyanophora paradoxa. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter. December 1995. Veronica L. . Stirewalt. Christine B. Michalowski . Wolfgang Löffelhardt . Hans J. Bohnert . Donald A. Bryant . 13. 4. 327–333. 10.1007/BF02669186. 26978668 .
2. Beatrix Pfanzagl . Andrea Zenker . Ernst Pittenauer. Guenter Allmaier . Jorege Martinez-Torrecuadrada . Erich R. Schmid . Miguel A. de Pedro . Wolfgang Loeffelhardt. Structure of Cyanelle Peptidoglycan of Cyanophora paradoxa: Prokaryotic Cell Wall as Part of an Organelle Envelope. Journal of Bacteriology . 1996 . 1178 . 2 . 332–339.
3. Arthur R. Grossman . Arthur R. Grossman . Paths toward Algal Genomics. Plant Physiology. 137. 2. 410–425 . 2005. 15710682. 10.1104/pp.104.053447. 1065345.
4. Dana C. Price . Cheong Xin Chan . Hwan Su Yoon . Eun Chan Yang . Huan Qiu . Andreas P. M. Weber . Rainer Schwacke . Jeferson Gross . Nicolas A. Blouin . Chris Lane . Adrián Reyes-Prieto . Dion G. Durnford . Jonathan A. D. Neilson . B. Franz Lang . Gertraud Burger . Jürgen M. Steiner . Wolfgang Löffelhardt . Jonathan E. Meuser . Matthew C. Posewitz . Steven Ball . Maria Cecilia Arias . Bernard Henrissat . Pedro M. Coutinho . Stefan A. Rensing . Aikaterini Symeonidi . Harshavardhan Doddapaneni . Beverley R. Green . Veeran D. Rajah . Jeffrey Boore . Debashish Bhattacharya . Cyanophora paradoxa Genome Elucidates Origin of Photosynthesis in Algae and Plants. Science. 335. 6070. 843–847 . 2012. 10.1126/science.1213561. 22344442. 2012Sci...335..843P . 17190180 .
5. 10.1111/jpy.12236. Five Cyanophora (Cyanophorales, Glaucophyta) species delineated based on morphological and molecular data . 2014 . Takahashi . Toshiyuki . Sato . Mayuko . Toyooka . Kiminori . Matsuzaki . Ryo . Kawafune . Kaoru . Kawamura . Mai . Okuda . Kazuo . Nozaki . Hisayoshi . Journal of Phycology . 50 . 6 . 1058–1069 . 26988787 . 24754492 .