Cultural impact of Dragon Ball explained

Since its debut, the Dragon Ball franchise has had a considerable impact on global popular culture.[1] [2] In 2015, the Japan Anniversary Association officially declared May 9 as after the main character; in Japanese, the numbers five and nine can be pronounced as "Go" and "Ku".[3] It is similarly influential in international popular culture across other parts of the world. Dragon Ball is widely referenced in American popular culture, from television and music to celebrities and athletes, and the show has been celebrated with Goku making an appearance at multiple Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parades, and with murals based on Dragon Ball appearing in cities such as Los Angeles, Chicago, Kansas City, and Denver.

Fandom

Dragon Ball is immensely popular in Latin America, where public screenings of the Dragon Ball Super finale in 2018 filled public spaces and stadiums in cities across the region, including stadiums holding tens of thousands of spectators. Illegal screenings the 2018 finale even caused a diplomatic incident between Mexico and Japan.[4] Mexico has more Dragon Ball fans than even Japan,[5] and Goku has been referred to as "a Latino icon" due to his popularity there.[6]

Dragon Ball creator Akira Toriyama was decorated a Chevalier (Knight) of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government in May 2019 for his contributions to the arts, particularly for Dragon Ball which has been credited with popularizing manga in France.[7] [8]

Vegeta's quote "It's Over 9000!" from the Saiyan Saga in the English dub of Dragon Ball Z is a popular Internet meme.[9]

Impact on comics and animation

Dragon Ball has been cited as inspiration across various different media. Dragon Ball is credited with setting trends for popular shōnen manga and anime since the 1980s, with manga critic Jason Thompson in 2011 calling it "by far the most influential shōnen manga of the last 30 years." Successful shōnen manga authors such as Eiichiro Oda (One Piece), Masashi Kishimoto (Naruto), Tite Kubo (Bleach), Hiro Mashima (Fairy Tail) and Kentaro Yabuki (Black Cat) have cited Dragon Ball as an influence on their own now popular works. According to Thompson, "almost every Shōnen Jump artist lists it as one of their favorites and lifts from it in various ways."[10]

Ian Jones-Quartey, a producer of the American animated series Steven Universe, is a fan of Dragon Ball and Dr. Slump, and uses Toriyama's vehicle designs as a reference for his own. He also stated that "We're all big Toriyama fans on [''Steven Universe''], which kind of shows a bit."[11] Comic book artist André Lima Araújo cited Dragon Ball, along with several other manga and anime, as a major influence on his work, which includes Marvel Comics such as Age of Ultron, Avengers A.I., Spider-Verse and The Inhumans.[12] Filipino comic artist Dexter Soy, who has worked on comics such as Captain America, cited Dragon Ball as a major inspiration.[13] Tony Stark: Iron Man #11 (2019) makes references to Dragon Ball Z, including Miles Morales as Spider-Man referencing the Super Saiyan transformation.[14] Goku is occasionally compared to or identified as a superhero by media due to the similarities shared between Western comics and the Dragon Ball franchise.[15] [16]

Impact on film and television

In December 1990, an unofficial live-action Korean film adaptation Dragon Ball: Ssawora Son Goku, Igyeora Son Goku was released.[17] [18] Another unofficial live-action film adaptation of the series, Dragon Ball: The Magic Begins, was released in Taiwan in November 1991.[19] In the Philippines, a children's musical titled Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball Z: Myth, Magic, Music, was staged in June 1996.[20]

Action film star Jackie Chan is a fan of the franchise, and said Goku is his favorite Dragon Ball character. In 1995, Chan had expressed some interest in adapting Dragon Ball into a film, but said it would require "a lot of amazing special effects and an enormous budget."[21] Later in 2013, Toriyama said his ideal live-action Goku would have been a young Jackie Chan, stating that "nobody could play Goku but him."[22]

The Matrix franchise echoes Dragon Ball Z in several action scenes, including the climactic fights of the 2003 films The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions.[23] Filipino-American film storyboard artist Jay Oliva has cited Dragon Ball as a major inspiration on his work, particularly the action scenes of 2013 Superman film Man of Steel, which launched the DC Extended Universe.[24] Several films in the Marvel Cinematic Universe have also been visually influenced by Dragon Ball Z. Erik Killmonger's battle armour in Black Panther (2018) bears a resemblance to Vegeta's battle armour,[25] [26] which actor Michael B. Jordan (himself a Dragon Ball fan) said may have inspired Killmonger's battle armor.[27] The fiery look of Carol Danvers' Binary powers in Captain Marvel (2019) also drew some influence from Dragon Ball Z.[28] In Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021), Katy refers to one of Shang-Chi's techniques as a "Kamehameha fireball";[29] the film's director Destin Daniel Cretton cited Dragon Ball Z as an inspiration behind the film's climactic fight scene.[30]

A key characteristic that set Dragon Ball Z (and later other anime shows) apart from American television shows at the time was a serialization format, in which a continuous story arc stretches over multiple episodes or seasons. Serialization has since also become a common characteristic of American streaming television shows during the "Peak TV" era.[31]

Impact on music and sports

Dragon Ball has been channeled and referenced by numerous musicians. It is popular in the hip hop community, and has been referenced in numerous hip hop songs by rappers and artists such as Chris Brown, Chance the Rapper, Big Sean, Lil Uzi Vert, G-Mo Skee, The Weeknd, Childish Gambino, Denzel Curry, Thundercat, B.o.B, Soulja Boy,[32] Drake,[33] Frank Ocean, and Sese.[34] Mark Sammut of TheGamer notes that Gohan occasionally performed the dab move (as the Great Saiyaman) decades before it became a popular hip-hop dance move in American popular culture.[35]

Numerous athletes have also channeled and referenced Dragon Ball, including NBA basketball players such as Sacramento Kings guard De'Aaron Fox, Utah Jazz forward Lauri Markkanen, Golden State Warriors player Jordan Bell, and Chicago Bulls guard Lonzo Ball, American football NFL stars such as Cleveland Browns players Darren Fells and David Njoku, mixed martial artist Ronda Rousey, and WWE wrestlers such as The New Day.[36] [37] Japanese kickboxer Panchan Rina took her nickname from the Dragon Ball character Pan.[38] Japanese mixed martial artist Itsuki Hirata is nicknamed "Android 18" due to her resembling the Dragon Ball character.[39] Canadian mixed martial artist Carlos Newton dubbed his fighting style "Dragon Ball jiu-jitsu" in tribute to the series.[40] Other mixed martial artists inspired by Dragon Ball include Kana Watanabe, Yushin Okami, Yoshihiro Akiyama and Yuya Wakamatsu.[41] [42] The French group Yamakasi cited Dragon Ball as an influence on their development of parkour, inspired by how the heroes attain extraordinary abilities through hard work.[43]

For her appearance at WrestleMania 31 in 2015, American professional athlete Ronda Rousey wore a tank top which referenced the character Vegeta and the quote "It's Over 9000!" from the English dub of Dragon Ball Z.[44]

Impact on video games and technology

The producer of the Tekken video game series, Katsuhiro Harada, said that Dragon Ball was one of the first works to visually depict chi and thereby influenced numerous Japanese video games, especially fighting games such as Tekken and Street Fighter.[45] Masaaki Ishikawa, art director of the video game Arms, said that its art style was largely influenced by Dragon Ball and Akira.[46] French video game designer Éric Chahi also cited Dragon Ball as an influence on his 1991 cinematic platformer Another World. Other video game industry veterans who were inspired by Dragon Ball include Suda51, SWERY, Insomniac Games, Nina Freeman, Heart Machine, Iron Galaxy, and Mega64.

The neologism puff-puff, coined by Akira Toriyama in Dragon Ball, is frequently used in the Dragon Quest video game series, which he was the lead artist of.[47] Due to the term's usage in Dragon Ball and Dragon Quest, it has also been referenced in games such as 3D Dot Game Heroes,[48] ,[49] and Final Fantasy XIV.[50]

Motorola's Freescale DragonBall and DragonBall EZ/VZ microcontroller processors, released in 1995, are named after Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball Z, respectively.[51]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Muncy . Julie . January 17, 2019 . The Everlasting (and Still Growing) Appeal of 'Dragon Ball' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173456/https://www.wired.com/story/dragon-ball-resurgence/ . September 3, 2020 . 2 April 2020 . Wired.
  2. News: January 15, 2019 . Celebs, athletes give 'Dragon Ball' pop culture super status . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173435/https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2019/01/celebs-athletes-give-dragon-ball-pop-culture-super-status.html . September 3, 2020 . January 18, 2019 . The Plain Dealer.
  3. News: May 9, 2015 . May 9 'Officially' Recognized as Goku Day . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161113063311/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2015-05-09/may-9-officially-recognized-as-goku-day/.87998 . November 13, 2016 . Anime News Network.
  4. News: 2024-03-08 . How Dragon Ball caused a diplomatic spat . 2024-03-15 . . en-GB . 2024-03-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172745/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-68509773 . live .
  5. Web site: Mendez . Casey . June 29, 2024 . Why is Dragon Ball so popular in Mexico & Latin America? . sportskeeda.com.
  6. Web site: Brammer . J. P. . 2023-08-10 . In celebration of Goku, a Latino icon . 2024-11-23 . Los Angeles Times . en-US . 2024-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20241125073740/https://www.latimes.com/delos/story/2023-08-10/goku-latino-icon . live .
  7. Web site: Loveridge . Lynzee . May 31, 2019 . Dragonball Creator Akira Toriyama Knighted by France . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173513/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2019-05-31/dragonball-creator-akira-toriyama-knighted-by-france/.147351 . September 3, 2020 . May 31, 2019 . Anime News Network.
  8. Web site: Pinto . Ophelia . May 31, 2019 . Akira Toriyama nommé Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173522/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/akira-toriyama-nomme-chevalier-de-lordre-des-arts-et-des-lettres_fr_5cf137fee4b0a1997b693323?ncid=fcbklnkfrhpmg00000001 . September 3, 2020 . May 31, 2019 . . fr.
  9. Web site: March 15, 2019 . Dragon Ball: 20 Things About Vegeta That Make Absolutely No Sense . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190408170425/https://screenrant.com/dragon-ball-vegeta-no-sense-triva/ . April 8, 2019 . April 7, 2019 . Screen Rant.
  10. News: Thompson . Jason . March 10, 2011 . Jason Thompson's House of 1000 Manga – Dragon Ball . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190117184117/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/house-of-1000-manga/2011-03-10 . January 17, 2019 . July 10, 2013 . Anime News Network.
  11. News: Ohanesian, Liz . November 17, 2014 . Manga Series Dragon Ball Celebrates 30th Anniversary . https://web.archive.org/web/20170802142103/http://www.laweekly.com/arts/manga-series-dragon-ball-celebrates-30th-anniversary-5216554 . August 2, 2017 . LA Weekly.
  12. News: January 24, 2016 . Interview – André Lima Araújo Talks Man: Plus . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173518/https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2016/01/andre-lima-araujo-talks-man-plus/ . September 3, 2020 . January 24, 2019 . Flickering Myth.
  13. News: June 5, 2018 . Dragon Ball Super Artist Accused of Tracing Over Captain America Comic . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173533/https://wowjapan.asia/dragon-ball-super-artist-accused-of-tracing-over-captain-america-comic/ . September 3, 2020 . January 23, 2019 . WOWJAPAN.
  14. News: Peters . Megan . May 23, 2019 . Dragon Ball Z Makes Clever Appearance in the Marvel Universe . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173503/https://comicbook.com/anime/news/dragon-ball-z-marvel-universe-spider-man-miles-morales-anime/ . September 3, 2020 . 27 April 2020 . ComicBook.com.
  15. Book: Porter . Robert J. . Using Superheroes in Counseling and Play Therapy . 2006 . . 978-0-8261-0132-7 . Rubin . Lawrence C. . 23–48 (25) . Superheroes in Therapy: Uncovering Children's Secret Identities . The toys include figures of both genders, a variety of skin colors, and some child superheroes (e.g., from the Dragon Ball Z collection based on the television series). . May 28, 2020 . https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNlDGwGfJYsC&pg=PA25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173446/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNlDGwGfJYsC&pg=PA25 . September 3, 2020 . live.
  16. Web site: Stone . Sam . 18 February 2020 . Thor Has Officially Become Marvel's Answer to Dragon Ball Z's Goku . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173524/https://www.cbr.com/thor-officially-marvel-dragon-ball-goku/ . September 3, 2020 . 27 May 2020 . . Thor's past wounds were completely healed while the Asgardian Avenger received a significant power boost that bears more than a passing resemblance to another hard-hitting, frequently blonde-haired superhero: Dragon Ball's Goku..
  17. Web site: Dragon Ball 1990 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174356/http://www.cine21.com/Movies/Mov_Movie/movie_detail.php?id=10703 . March 3, 2016 . February 20, 2009 . Cine21 . ko.
  18. Web site: 드래곤볼 싸워라 손오공 이겨라 손오공 (豆瓣) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200430230824/https://movie.douban.com/subject/26427223/ . April 30, 2020 . April 30, 2020 . 豆瓣电影 . ko.
  19. Book: Clements . Jonathan . Jonathan Clements . The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917 . . September 1, 2001 . Stone Bridge Press . 1-880656-64-7 . 1st . Berkeley, California . 101–102 . 47255331 . limited.
  20. News: June 21, 1996 . Values to learn and live by . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20211021142025/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gqEVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WgsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5226,3348708 . October 21, 2021 . October 21, 2021 . . Kamahalan Publishing Corp. . 31B.
  21. Book: Toriyama, Akira . Akira Toriyama . June 25, 1995 . . 4-08-782754-2 . 7 . ja . ja:DRAGON BALL 大全集 1: COMPLETE ILLUSTRATIONS . I Love Dragon Ball #1: Jackie Chan . March 31, 2021 . https://www.kanzenshuu.com/translations/daizenshuu-1-shenlong-times/ . https://web.archive.org/web/20210422102106/https://www.kanzenshuu.com/translations/daizenshuu-1-shenlong-times/ . April 22, 2021 . live.
  22. 『漫道コバヤシ』～映画「ドラゴンボールZ神と神」公開記念！出でよ神龍！！鳥山明先生、アンケート答えておくれーーーっ！！！！！SP～ . Mandō Kobayashi .

    ja:漫道コバヤシ

    . Kobayashi . Kendō . Kendo Kobayashi . . 24 March 2013 . 2 . If it were back when Jackie Chan was still young, I suppose I would have thought nobody could play Goku but him. . A Public Movie Celebration For "Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods"! Come forth, Shenlong! Akira Toriyama-sensei, Answers Our Questionnaire!!!! Special . ja.
  23. News: Saabedra . Humberto . August 21, 2019 . Fourth Matrix Film Revealed With Key Cast Members and Lana Wachowski Returning To Direct . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191214151506/https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2019/08/20/fourth-matrix-film-revealed-with-key-cast-members-and-lana-wachowski-returning-to-direct . December 14, 2019 . 18 November 2019 . . en-us.
  24. News: Peters . Megan . June 4, 2018 . DCEU Storyboard Artist Reveals 'Dragon Ball' Inspired 'Man of Steel' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180607230304/http://comicbook.com/anime/2018/06/04/dragon-ball-dceu-man-of-steel-batman-superman-anime . June 7, 2018 . January 23, 2019 . ComicBook.com.
  25. News: February 22, 2018 . Black Panther's Killmonger May Have Borrowed His Costume From Vegeta . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173508/https://www.cbr.com/black-panther-killmonger-vegeta-costume/ . September 3, 2020 . January 24, 2019 . Comic Book Resources.
  26. News: February 21, 2018 . Michael B. Jordan's Killmonger Costume Honors His Anime Love . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173514/https://screenrant.com/michael-b-jordan-erik-killmonger-costume-anime-vegeta/ . September 3, 2020 . January 24, 2019 . Screen Rant.
  27. News: November 25, 2018 . 'Black Panther's Michael B. Jordan Says Killmonger's Armor May Be Based on Vegeta From 'Dragon Ball Z' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173448/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/black-panther-michael-b-jordan-killmonger-armor-vegeta/ . September 3, 2020 . January 24, 2019 . ComicBook.com.
  28. News: Peters . Megan . June 25, 2019 . Captain Marvel Visual Artist Explains How Dragon Ball Influenced Carol's Fiery Look . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173521/https://comicbook.com/anime/news/captain-marvel-super-saiyan-goku-inspiration-debunk-anime-mcu/ . September 3, 2020 . 17 November 2019 . ComicBook.com.
  29. Web site: Valdez . Nick . 3 September 2021 . Shang-Chi Gives Dragon Ball a Sneaky Shout Out . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210907185818/https://comicbook.com/anime/news/shang-chi-marvel-dragon-ball-goku-kamehameha-easter-egg-shout-out-anime-movie/ . September 7, 2021 . 7 September 2021 . comicbook.com.
  30. News: Zaid . A'bidah . 31 August 2021 . Geek Interview: Director Destin Daniel Cretton On How DBZ's 'Kamehameha' Influenced Shang-Chi's Epic Final Battle . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210910143741/https://geekculture.co/shang-chi-director-dragonballz-kamehameha-influenced-final-epic-battle/ . September 10, 2021 . 10 September 2021 . Geek Culture.
  31. Book: Ziegler . John R. . Representation in Steven Universe . Richards . Leah . 9 January 2020 . . 978-3-030-31881-9 . 10 . November 10, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230928172717/https://books.google.com/books?id=1m_JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false . September 28, 2023 . live.
  32. News: January 17, 2019 . 'Dragon Ball Super: Broly' unites fans and critics with huge opening . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173528/https://www.dailydot.com/parsec/dragon-ball-super-broly/ . September 3, 2020 . January 23, 2019 . The Daily Dot.
  33. News: July 26, 2019 . Drake & Chris Brown Act Out A Dance Battle In Their "No Guidance" Video . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173442/https://genius.com/a/drake-chris-brown-act-out-a-dance-battle-in-their-no-guidance-video . September 3, 2020 . July 28, 2019 . Genius.
  34. News: Weekes . Jabbari . September 3, 2015 . This Rapper Made an Entire Mixtape About 'Dragon Ball Z,' so We Quizzed Him About 'Dragon Ball Z' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173518/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rkqg89/sese-season-frieza-saga-dragon-ball-z-interview . September 3, 2020 . July 28, 2019 . Vice.
  35. Web site: Sammut . Mark . January 17, 2019 . 25 Fortnite Emotes And Where They Were Stolen From . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190408165015/https://www.thegamer.com/fortnit-dances-emotes-stolen/ . April 8, 2019 . April 7, 2019 . TheGamer.
  36. Web site: Sullivan . Meghan . April 7, 2016 . Xavier Woods on How Anime and Wrestling Came Together at WrestleMania 32 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173535/https://www.ign.com/articles/2016/04/07/xavier-woods-on-how-anime-and-wrestling-came-together-at-wrestlemania-32 . September 3, 2020 . April 21, 2016 . IGN.
  37. News: Koch . Cameron . April 4, 2016 . There Was 'Dragon Ball Z' Cosplay On Display At 'WrestleMania 32' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173530/https://www.techtimes.com/articles/147087/20160404/there-was-dragonball-z-cosplay-on-display-at-wrestlemania-32.htm . September 3, 2020 . January 30, 2019 . Tech Times.
  38. Web site: 2019-08-13 . 【KNOCK OUT】初参戦目前のぱんちゃん璃奈「KNOCK OUTの女子エースにならないといけないと思ってます」 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240309183327/https://gonkaku.jp/articles/1546 . March 9, 2024 . 2022-05-22 . Gong Kakutogi . Japanese.
  39. Web site: 2021-09-01 . Itsuki Hirata discusses her transition to Dragon Ball's Android 18 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220510175108/https://asianmma.com/itsuki-hirata-discusses-her-transition-to-dragon-balls-android-18/ . May 10, 2022 . 2022-04-08 . Asian MMA.
  40. Web site: Teal, Bob . October 23, 2009 . Whatever happened to... Carlos Newton? . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160822000912/http://www.mmatorch.com/artman2/publish/specialists/article_3679.shtml . August 22, 2016 . MMA Torch.
  41. Kana Watanabe is addicted to DragonBall, wants more Japanese fighters in Bellator . 2022-05-10 . web video . MMA Mania . 27:05 . 2022-05-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220522213312/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAZqK_dXVWA&t . May 22, 2022 . live.
  42. News: Furness . Jay . March 26, 2020 . How Anime Inspired ONE Stars To Achieve Martial Arts Success . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173535/https://www.onefc.com/features/how-anime-inspired-one-stars-to-achieve-martial-arts-success/ . September 3, 2020 . March 27, 2020 . ONE Championship.
  43. Book: Angel . Julie . Breaking the Jump: The Secret Story of Parkour's High Flying Rebellion . 16 June 2016 . . 978-1-78131-554-5 . March 27, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240211002443/https://books.google.com/books?id=iAxjDAAAQBAJ . February 11, 2024 . live.
  44. Web site: Ronda Rousey Just Killed Wrestlemania Wearing A Dragon Ball Z Shirt. Kotaku. March 29, 2015. Mark Serrels. September 19, 2020. October 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211030163759/https://kotaku.com/ronda-rousey-just-killed-wrestlemania-wearing-a-dragon-1694450808. live.
  45. Hilliard, Kyle . October 20, 2017 . Developers (And Others) Share Their Appreciation And Dream Games For The Dragon Ball Franchise . https://web.archive.org/web/20171021011253/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2017/10/20/developers-and-others-share-their-appreciation-for-the-dragon-ball-franchise.aspx . October 21, 2017 . Game Informer.
  46. Cox . Simon . Davison . John . June 14, 2017 . 'Because Nintendo': 'Arms' Producer Explains Why Fighters Have Stretchy Arms . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173529/https://variety.com/v/gaming/ . September 3, 2020 . October 21, 2017 . Rolling Stone.
  47. Web site: Baird . Scott . 2019-09-20 . What's Up With The"Puff-Puff" Thing In The Dragon Quest Series? . 2024-11-27 . TheGamer . en . 2024-11-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20241115061748/https://www.thegamer.com/dragon-quest-puff-puff-joke-explained/ . live .
  48. Web site: Kauz . Andrew . 2010-08-21 . The rubbing of breasts on faces in Dragon Quest IX . 2024-11-27 . Destructoid . en-US.
  49. Web site: 2019-09-04 . Yakuza: Like a Dragon Weekly Famitsu developer interview tidbits . 2024-11-27 . Gematsu . en-US . 2023-11-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231127025319/https://www.gematsu.com/2019/09/yakuza-like-a-dragon-weekly-famitsu-developer-interview-tidbits . live .
  50. Web site: 2020-06-26 . Dragon Quest X Collaboration Rerun Will Bring Golems and Puff-Puffs to Final Fantasy XIV on July 2, 2020 . 2024-11-27 . Siliconera . en-US.
  51. News: Chiu . Karen . April 15, 2019 . The story of DragonBall: How Motorola created our mobile future in Hong Kong . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173526/https://www.scmp.com/abacus/tech/article/3028841/story-dragonball-how-motorola-created-our-mobile-future-hong-kong . September 3, 2020 . April 15, 2019 . Abacus.

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