Cryptosporidium muris explained

Cryptosporidium muris is a species of coccidium, first isolated from the gastric glands of the common mouse.^[1] Cryptosporidium does originate in common mice, specifically laboratory mice. However, it also has infected cows, dogs, cats, rats, rabbits, lambs, and humans and other primates.

General characteristics

Cryptosporidium muris infects dogs, rabbits, lambs, cats, humans, and non-human primates.^[2] This type of cryptosporidium infects people and animals by the oocyst acquired in water. If people or animals drink the water, then they could become infected and then complete the cycle by passing oocysts. People and animals can also become infected by being in water that has the oocysts present. The area where Cryptosporidium muris most commonly occurs is in Kenya, France, Thailand, and Indonesia. It also occurs in the western hemisphere but to a far lower amount.

Diagnostics and prevention

The current diagnostics for Cryptosporidium muris are Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and DNA sequencing. Diagnostic tests can be frustrating as it is highly difficult to differentiate between species and the treatment would be the same for all species. Cryptosporidium muris is resistant to disinfectants; it has been discovered that ultraviolet or UV light helps to kill the species.^[3] As for prevention, people should not drink infected water or play in it. Also making sure to practice good hygiene improves the risks of not contracting Cryptosporidium.^[4]

Prevalence

Cryptosporidium muris has prevalence in the following species in the following amount:Dairy Cows -68%Feedlot Cows- 80%Mice- 26%, andRats- 5%.^[5]

Further reading

• Palmer, Carol J., et al. "Cryptosporidium muris, a rodent pathogen, recovered from a human in Peru." Emerging infectious diseases 9.9 (2003): 1174.
• Katsumata T, Hosea D, Ranuh IG, Uga S, Yanagi T, Kohno S . Short report: possible Cryptosporidium muris infection in humans. . Am J Trop Med Hyg . 2000 . 62 . 1 . 70–2 . 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.70 . 10761726 . 10069/20123 . 15475462 . free .
• Gatei, Wangeci, et al. "Cryptosporidium muris infection in an HIV-infected adult, Kenya." Emerging infectious diseases 8.2 (2002): 204–206.
• Koudela B, Modrý D, Vítovec J . Infectivity of Cryptosporidium muris isolated from cattle. . Vet Parasitol . 1998 . 76 . 3 . 181–8 . 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00217-3. 9615952 .
• McDonald V, Deer R, Uni S, Iseki M, Bancroft GJ . Immune responses to Cryptosporidium muris and Cryptosporidium parvum in adult immunocompetent or immunocompromised (nude and SCID) mice. . Infect Immun . 1992 . 60 . 8 . 3325–31 . 1639500 . 10.1128/IAI.60.8.3325-3331.1992. 257318 .
• Lupo PJ, Langer-Curry RC, Robinson M, Okhuysen PC, Chappell CL . Cryptosporidium muris in a Texas canine population. . Am J Trop Med Hyg . 2008 . 78 . 6 . 917–21 . 10.4269/ajtmh.2008.78.917. 18541769 . free .

Notes and References

1. Tyzzer EE . An extracellular Coccidium, Cryptosporidium Muris (Gen. Et Sp. Nov.), of the gastric Glands of the Common Mouse. . J Med Res . 1910 . 23 . 3 . 487–510.3 . 19971982 . 2098948 .
2. Cryptosporidium muris Infection in an HIV-Infected Adult, Kenya. 2002 . 11897075. 10.3201/eid0802.010256. 2732451. Gatei . Wangeci . Ashford . R. W. . Beeching . N. J. . Kamwati . S. K. . Greensill . J. . Hart . C. A. . Emerging Infectious Diseases . 8 . 2 . 204–206 .
3. Cryptosporidium muris, a Rodent Pathogen, Recover from Human in Peru. 2003. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 10.3201/eid0909.030047. Palmer. Carol J.. Xiao. Lihua. Terashima. Angélica. Guerra. Humberto. Gotuzzo. Eduardo. Saldías. Gustavo. Bonilla. J. Alfredo. Zhou. Ling. Lindquist. Alan. Upton. Steve J.. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 9. 9. 1174–1176. 14519260. 3016761.
4. Cryptosporidium muris: Infectivity and Illness in Healthy Adult Volunteers . 4347390 . 25311695 . 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0525 . 92 . 1 . 2015 . Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. . 50–5 . Chappell CL, Okhuysen PC, Langer-Curry RC, Lupo PJ, Widmer G, Tzipori S.
5. 1818141 . Prevalence of Cryptosporidium muri-like oocysts among cattle populations of the United States: Preliminary report . The Journal of Protozoology . 38 . 6 . 14S–15S . 1991 . Anderson . B. C .