Public image of Donald Trump explained

Donald Trump, President of the United States from 2017 to 2021, and a Presidential candidate for the upcoming 2024 United States presidential election, has elicited highly polarized public perceptions about his performance as a head of state and largely negative opinions about his temperament and personal conduct while in office. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality famous for his image as a real estate tycoon. Viewed as a heroic figure by many of his supporters, Trump was seen by some as a business "huckster" and was the frequent butt of jokes.[1]

Image of wealth and success

Beginning in the 1980s, Trump had a strong presence in tabloid media where he was portrayed as a playboy and an extravagantly wealthy idol of the working class.[2] Political scientist Michael Nelson writes that Trump has cultivated an image as "the epitome of entrepreneurial success and glamour".[3]

Books

See main article: Bibliography of Donald Trump. Trump has published up to 19 books on business, financial, or political topics under his name.[4] Trump's first book, The Art of the Deal (1987), was a New York Times Best Seller. According to The New Yorker, "The book expanded Trump's renown far beyond New York City, promoting an image of himself as a successful dealmaker and tycoon."[5]

Trump brand

See main article: The Trump Organization and Business career of Donald Trump.

Trump created a personal brand based on his image as a self-made billionaire real-estate mogul, and he made millions of dollars licensing his name to international hotels, casinos, products, and other ventures.[6] [7]

Personal image

Temperament

During his political career, "Trump's unique personal style, brashness and disregard for conventional political norms and discourse" has won him both supporters and detractors, according to Gallup.[8] Since running for president,[9] Trump's temperament and mental fitness has been a regular topic of public discussion.[10] Trump has responded by saying that he has "the best temperament"[11] and is a "very stable genius".[12] Americans have mostly disapproved of Trump's temperament and personal conduct in office.[13]

Personal appearance

Poses

Trump is known for his characteristic poses in photographs, intended to present himself as self-assured and powerful.[1]

Height and weight

Trump has variously represented himself as being 6'3" tall and 215 pounds in weight and 6'2" tall and 240 pounds in weight.[14] Numerous commentators have described this as an exaggeration, estimating that Trump is considerably shorter and heavier.[15] [16] The Daily Telegraph noted that, if Trump's self-description was to be believed, he would have had to have gained an inch in height and lost 25 pounds in weight between April and August 2023.[17]

Trump's 2012 New York State driver's license listed his height as 6'2",[18] as did his 1964 Selective Service Draft Card.[19]

In August 2023, Trump was indicted on charges of racketeering and related offenses in Fulton County, Georgia. On August 24, Trump turned himself in and was placed under arrest and processed. According to jail records, his height and weight were listed as and, respectively. According to a New York Times source "familiar with the preparations", the form was filled out in advance by Trump aides.[20]

Hair

Trump's unusual hairstyle has been mentioned frequently by the media. His hairstyle has been described as a comb-over.[21]

In 2004, the Chicago Tribune wrote that Trump is "known for his gaudy casinos and unusual mane of copper hair."[22] During a 2011 interview with Rolling Stone, Trump said, "I get a lot of credit for comb-overs. But it's not really a comb-over. It's sort of a little bit forward and back. I've combed it the same way for years. Same thing, every time."[23]

In various late-night talk shows and interviews, Trump's hair has humorously been suggested to be a wig, so he has let the interviewers touch his hair[24] to verify its authenticity.[25] In September 2016, Jimmy Fallon invited Donald Trump to be a guest on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. Trump was asked by Fallon if he could mess up his hair. Trump agreed to the offer and allowed Fallon to mess his hair. Following the hair incident, Fallon was accused by critics of humanizing Trump after Trump had pressed more on the zero-tolerance immigration policy under his administration.[26]

There have been multiple claims that Trump's unusual hair styling is the result of scalp reduction surgery.[27] In February 2018, a video shot of Trump boarding Air Force One against a gust of wind clearly showed the comb-over. The video went viral and was critiqued on the internet, with some claiming that the video showed a surgery scar on his scalp.[27] [28] [29]

Skin color

Comedians and critics of Donald Trump, as well as the media have often remarked on the color of his skin, considering it unusually orange. Comedian Alec Baldwin, who played a satirized version of Donald Trump on the sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live, described Trump's look as somewhere between "Mark Rothko orange" and a "slightly paler Orange Crush",[30] while in 2013, the American comedian Bill Maher offered to pay $5 million to a charity if Donald Trump would produce his birth certificate to prove that Trump's mother had not mated with an orangutan - apparently a reference to Trump's orange hue as well as a response to Trump's previous demands that President Barack Obama produce his birth certificate and other records to disprove conspiracy theories that Obama was born in Kenya. Trump would go on to file a lawsuit against Maher, claiming the comedian owed the promised $5 million.[31] Eight weeks later, Trump withdrew the lawsuit.[32]

The phrase "Orange man bad" became a popular expression among Trump's supporters who used it to mock his critics, during his first election campaign and subsequent presidency.[33] In 2016, Barack Obama, Trump's African-American predecessor as president, appeared on the Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon, and joked that "Orange is not the new black" (referencing the popular show Orange Is the New Black).[34] Trump has rarely referenced his orange hue without being prompted to. However, in 2019, in an address to Republican legislators where he discussed the adoption of compact fluorescent light bulbs he said:

"The lightbulb. People said: what's with the lightbulb? I said: here's the story. And I looked at it. The bulb that we're being forced to use! Number one, to me, most importantly, the light's no good. I always look orange. And so do you! The light is the worst."[35]

In February 2020, an unverified Twitter account called "White House Photos" posted a photograph of the President, in which Trump's face bore a notable tan line; the image depicted the stark contrast between Trump's seemingly orange facial features and the paler skin around the side of his face; the photograph received widespread attention in the media and on the internet, even inspiring a sketch on Saturday Night Live.[36] [37] Trump himself said the image had been photoshopped.[38]

Depictions by supporters

Supporters of Trump have created numerous images of Trump depicting him as considerably younger, fitter and stronger than his real appearance.[39] The cartoonist Ben Garrison has frequently depicted Trump as muscular and athletic.[40]

In 2019, Trump himself posted a photograph featuring his head attached to the body of Sylvester Stallone playing the part of Rocky Balboa. In 2022, Trump released a set of digital trading cards that depicted him in a variety of hyper-masculine roles, including him as a muscular superhero, attracting ridicule from critics.[41] [42]

Booking photograph

See main article: Mug shot of Donald Trump. On August 24, 2023, Trump was arrested in Fulton County, Georgia in relation to the Georgia election racketeering prosecution. Like his co-defendants, he was fingerprinted and a booking photograph was taken, which was subsequently widely disseminated.

The picture, showing Trump glowering into the camera, was quickly described as being iconic.[43] [44] [45] Sky News described it as "historic".[46] The Associated Press agency described it as "an enduring image that will appear in history books long after Donald Trump is gone."[47]

Since the photograph was taken, Trump has released merchandise featuring the image in an attempt to profit from it, posting an image of the photograph to Twitter with the caption "Election interference. Never surrender!" despite Trump having surrendered to authorities in Fulton County, Georgia.[48] [49]

A number of sources have compared Trump's expression in the mugshot to the character Derek Zoolander's "blue steel" expression in the comedy movie Zoolander.[50] [51] Others have compared it to the Kubrick stare.[52] [53]

Photographs during 2024 assassination attempt

See main article: Donald Trump raised fist photographs.

Associated Press photographer Evan Vucci captured images of a bloodied Trump following an assassination attempt during a July 13, 2024, campaign rally in Pennsylvania. One photo with Trump raising his fist in the air had immediate widespread usage in media outlets, including social media posts by the National Republican Senatorial Committee. Politico said some used it as "an opportunity to tout conspiracy theories and stoke political tensions."[54] Benjamin Wallace-Wells of The New Yorker said that "It is already the indelible image of our era of political crisis and conflict." He analyzed that "some of the elements in Vucci's image are familiar from the countless others of Trump" and concluded that "It is an image that captures him as he would like to be seen, so perfectly, in fact, that it may outlast all the rest."[55] Business Insider echoed those sentiments, assessing that it had "[became] the most iconic image of his reelection among Republicans."[56]

Popular culture

See main article: Donald Trump in popular culture, Donald Trump in music and Media career of Donald Trump.

Trump has played himself in the role of a rich and powerful businessman in cameo appearances in films and television shows[57] [58] and from 2004 to 2015 as the host of the reality show The Apprentice.

Trump has been the subject of parody, comedy, and caricature. He has been parodied regularly on Saturday Night Live by Phil Hartman, Darrell Hammond, and Alec Baldwin, and in South Park as Mr. Garrison. The Simpsons episode "Bart to the Future"written during his 2000 campaign for the Reform Partyanticipated a Trump presidency. A parody series called The President Show debuted in April 2017 on Comedy Central, while another one called Our Cartoon President debuted on Showtime in February 2018.[59]

Trump's wealth and lifestyle had been a fixture of hip hop lyrics since the 1980s; he was named in hundreds of songs, most often in a positive tone.[60] Mentions of Trump in hip hop turned negative and pejorative after he ran for office in 2015, including the release of a song called "FDT" (for "Fuck Donald Trump")[61] [62] which later topped the iTunes charts after Joe Biden defeated Trump in the 2020 United States presidential election.[63]

Relationship with the press

Throughout his career, Trump has sought media attention, with a "love-hate" relationship with the press.[64] [65] [66] Trump began promoting himself in the press in the 1970s.[67] Fox News anchor Bret Baier and former House speaker Paul Ryan have characterized Trump as a "troll" who makes controversial statements to see people's "heads explode".[68] [69] According to conservative media watchdog, Media Research Center, 92% of media coverage of the Trump administration portrays him negatively, which has made Trump accuse the mainstream media of bias.[70]

In the 2016 campaign, Trump benefited from a record amount of free media coverage, elevating his standing in the Republican primaries.[71] New York Times writer Amy Chozick wrote in 2018 that Trump's media dominance, which enthralls the public and creates "can't miss" reality television-type coverage, was politically beneficial for him.[72] According to Columbia Journalism Review, "Because Trump entered the presidential stage from the world of business hucksterism and reality TV, he was seen, from the outset, as a less serious contender. In fact, he was treated as a joke."[73] Salena Zito wrote for The Atlantic that "the press takes [Trump] literally, but not seriously; his supporters take him seriously, but not literally."[73]

Throughout his 2016 presidential campaign and his presidency, Trump has accused the press of bias, calling it the "fake news media" and "the enemy of the people".[74] [75] After winning the election, journalist Lesley Stahl recounted Trump's allegedly saying he intentionally demeaned and discredited the media "so when you write negative stories about me no one will believe you."[76]

Trump has privately and publicly mused about revoking the press credentials of journalists he views as critical.[77] His administration moved to revoke the press passes of two White House reporters, which were restored by the courts.[78] In 2019, a member of the foreign press reported many of the same concerns as those of media in the U.S., expressing concern that a normalization process by reporters and media results in an inaccurate characterization of Trump.[79] The Trump White House held about a hundred formal press briefings in 2017, declining by half during 2018 and to two in 2019.[78]

Trump has employed the legal system as an intimidation tactic against the press.[80] In early 2020, the Trump campaign sued The New York Times, The Washington Post, and CNN for alleged defamation.[81] [82] These lawsuits lacked merit and were not likely to succeed, however.[80] [83]

Political image

Approval ratings

At the end of Trump's second year, his two-year average Gallup approval rating was the lowest of any president since World War II.[84] In January 2020, his Gallup rating reached 49%,[85] the highest point since he took office, with 63% of those polled approving his handling of the economy.[86] His approval and disapproval ratings have been unusually stable.[87] [88] [89] In 2019 Gallup found Trump to be the most polarizing president to date.[90]

In Gallup's end-of-year poll asking Americans to name the man they admire the most, Trump placed second to Obama in 2017 and 2018, tied with Obama in 2019, and placed first in 2020.[91] [92] Since Gallup started conducting the poll in 1948, Trump is the first elected president not to be named most admired in his first year in office.[93]

Globally, a Gallup poll on 134 countries comparing the approval ratings of U.S. leadership between the years 2016 and 2017 found that only in 29 of them did Trump lead Obama in job approval.[94] Overall ratings were similar to those in the last two years of the George W. Bush presidency.[95]

Social media

See main article: Donald Trump on social media.

Trump's presence on social media has attracted attention worldwide since he joined Twitter in March 2009. He frequently tweeted during the 2016 election campaign and has continued to do so as president. As of March 2024, Trump has more than 87 million Twitter followers.[96]

By the end of May 2020, Trump had written about 52,000 tweets.[97] These include 22,115 tweets over seven years before his presidential candidacy, 8,159 tweets during the years of his candidacy and transition period, and 14,186 tweets over the first three years of his presidency. Of all those tweets, Trump was found to have lied 30,000 plus times.[98]

Trump has frequently used Twitter as a direct means of communication with the public. A White House press secretary said early in his presidency that Trump's tweets are official statements by the president of the United States,[99] employed for announcing policy or personnel changes. Trump used Twitter to fire Secretary of State Rex Tillerson in March 2018[100] and Secretary of Defense Mark Esper in November 2020.[101]

Many of Trump's tweets contain false assertions.[102] [103] [104] In May 2020, Twitter began tagging some Trump tweets with fact-checking warnings[97] [105] [106] and labels for violations of Twitter rules.[107] Trump responded by threatening to "strongly regulate" or "close down" social media platforms.[97] [108]

False statements

See main article: False or misleading statements by Donald Trump.

As president, Trump frequently made false statements in public speeches and remarks.[102] [103] [109] The misinformation has been documented by fact-checkers; academics and the media have widely described the phenomenon as unprecedented in American politics.[110] [111] [112] This behavior was similarly observed when he was a presidential candidate.[113] [114] His falsehoods have also become a distinctive part of his political identity.[111]

Trump uttered "at least one false or misleading claim per day on 91 of his first 99 days" in office, according to The New York Times,[102] and 1,318 total in his first 263 days in office, according to the "Fact Checker" political analysis column of The Washington Post.[115] By the Posts tally, it took Trump 601 days to reach 5,000 false or misleading statements and another 226 days to reach the 10,000 mark.[116] For the seven weeks leading up to the midterm elections, it rose to an average of thirty per day[117] from 4.9 during his first hundred days in office.[118] The Posts reported tally is 22,247 as of August 27, 2020,[119] with the 2019 total more than double the cumulative total of 2017 and 2018.[120]

Some of Trump's falsehoods are inconsequential, such as his claims of a large crowd size during his inauguration.[121] [122] Others have had more far-reaching effects, such as Trump's promotion of unproven antimalarial drugs as a treatment for COVID-19 in a press conference and on Twitter in March 2020.[123] [124] The claims had consequences worldwide, such as a shortage of these drugs in the United States and panic-buying in Africa and South Asia.[125] [126] The state of Florida obtained nearly a million doses for its hospitals, even though most of them did not want the drug.[127] Other misinformation, such as Trump's retweet of unverified videos of a far-right British nationalist group in November 2017, serves Trump's domestic political purposes.[128] As a matter of principle, Trump does not apologize for his falsehoods.[129]

Despite the frequency of Trump's falsehoods, the media rarely referred to them as "lies",[130] [131] a word that has in the past been avoided out of respect for the presidential office.[130] [131] Nevertheless, in August 2018 The Washington Post declared for the first time that some of Trump's misstatements (statements concerning hush money paid to Stormy Daniels and Playboy model Karen McDougal) were lies.[132] [131]

In 2020, Trump was a significant source of disinformation on national voting practices and the COVID-19 pandemic.[133] Trump's attacks on mail-in ballots and other election practices served to weaken public faith in the integrity of the 2020 presidential election,[134] [135] while his disinformation about the pandemic dangerously delayed and weakened the national response to it.[133] [136] [137]

Some view the nature and frequency of Trump's falsehoods as having profound and corrosive consequences on democracy.[138] James Pfiffner, professor of policy and government at George Mason University, wrote in 2019 that Trump lies differently from previous presidents, because he offers "egregious false statements that are demonstrably contrary to well-known facts"; these lies are the "most important" of all Trump lies. By calling facts into question, people will be unable to properly evaluate their government, with beliefs or policy irrationally settled by "political power"; this erodes liberal democracy, wrote Pfiffner.[139]

Promotion of conspiracy theories

See main article: List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump. Before and throughout his presidency, Trump has promoted numerous conspiracy theories, including "birtherism", the Clinton body count theory, QAnon and alleged Ukrainian interference in U.S. elections.[140] In October 2020, Trump retweeted a QAnon follower who asserted that Osama bin Laden was still alive, a body double had been killed in his place and "Biden and Obama may have had Seal Team 6 killed."[141]

Racism

See main article: Racial views of Donald Trump.

Many of Trump's comments and actions have been seen as racist or racially charged.[142] He has repeatedly denied he is racist, asserting: "I am the least racist person there is anywhere in the world."[143] Many of his supporters say the way he speaks reflects his rejection of political correctness, while others accept it because they share such beliefs.[144] [145] Scholars have discussed Trump's rhetoric in the context of white supremacy.[146]

Several studies and surveys have found that racist attitudes fueled Trump's political ascendance and have been more important than economic factors in determining the allegiance of Trump voters.[147] Racist and Islamophobic attitudes have been shown to be a powerful indicator of support for Trump.[148] In national polling, about half of Americans say that Trump is racist; a greater proportion believe that he has emboldened racists.[149] [150] [151]

In 1975, he settled a 1973 Department of Justice lawsuit that alleged housing discrimination against black renters.[152] He has also been accused of racism for insisting a group of black and Latino teenagers were guilty of raping a white woman in the 1989 Central Park jogger case, even after they were exonerated by DNA evidence in 2002. He has maintained his position on the matter into 2019.[153]

Trump relaunched his political career in 2011 as a leading proponent of "birther" conspiracy theories alleging that Barack Obama, the first black U.S. president, was not born in the United States.[154] [155] In April 2011, Trump claimed credit for pressuring the White House to publish the "long-form" birth certificate, which he considered fraudulent, and later saying this made him "very popular".[156] [157] In September 2016, amid pressure, he acknowledged that Obama was born in the U.S. and falsely claimed the rumors had been started by Hillary Clinton during her 2008 presidential campaign.[158] In 2017, he reportedly still expressed birther views in private.[159]

According to an analysis in Political Science Quarterly, Trump made "explicitly racist appeals to whites" during his 2016 presidential campaign.[160] In particular, his campaign launch speech drew widespread criticism for claiming Mexican immigrants were "bringing drugs, they're bringing crime, they're rapists."[161] [162] His later comments about a Mexican-American judge presiding over a civil suit regarding Trump University were also criticized as racist.[163]

Trump's comments in reaction to the 2017 Charlottesville far-right rally were interpreted by some as implying a moral equivalence between white supremacist demonstrators and counter-protesters.[164]

In a January 2018 Oval Office meeting to discuss immigration legislation, he reportedly referred to El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and African nations as "shithole countries".[165] His remarks were condemned as racist worldwide, as well as by many members of Congress.[166] [167]

In July 2019, Trump tweeted that four Democratic members of Congressall four minority women, three of them native-born Americansshould "go back" to the countries they "came from".[168] Two days later the House of Representatives voted 240–187, mostly along party lines, to condemn his "racist comments".[169] White nationalist publications and social media sites praised his remarks, which continued over the following days.[170] Trump continued to make similar remarks during his 2020 campaign.[171]

Misogyny and allegations of sexual assault and misconduct

See main article: Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations.

Trump has a history of insulting and belittling women when speaking to media and in tweet. He made lewd comments, demeaned women's looks, and called them names like 'dog', 'crazed, crying lowlife', 'face of a pig', or 'horseface'.[172] [173] [174]

In October 2016, two days before the second presidential debate, a 2005 "hot mic" recording surfaced in which Trump was heard bragging about kissing and groping women without their consent, saying "when you're a star, they let you do it, you can do anything ... grab 'em by the pussy."[175] The incident's widespread media exposure led to Trump's first public apology during the campaign[176] and caused outrage across the political spectrum.[177]

At least twenty-six women have publicly accused Trump of sexual misconduct, including his then-wife Ivana. There were allegations of rape, violence, being kissed and groped without consent, looking under women's skirts, and walking in on naked women.[178] [179] [180] In 2016, he denied all accusations, calling them "false smears", and alleged there was a conspiracy against him.[181]

Allegations of inciting violence

Some research suggests Trump's rhetoric causes an increased incidence of hate crimes.[182] [183] [184] During the 2016 campaign, he urged or praised physical attacks against protesters or reporters.[185] [186] Since then, some defendants prosecuted for hate crimes or violent acts cited Trump's rhetoric in arguing that they were not culpable or should receive a lighter sentence.[187] In August 2019 it was reported that a man who allegedly assaulted a minor for perceived disrespect toward the national anthem had cited Trump's rhetoric in his own defense.[188] In August 2019, a nationwide review by ABC News identified at least 36 criminal cases in which Trump was invoked in direct connection with violence or threats of violence. Of these, 29 were based around someone echoing presidential rhetoric, while the other seven were someone protesting it or not having direct linkage.[189]

Recognition

In 1983, Trump received the Jewish National Fund Tree of Life Award, after he helped fund two playgrounds, a park, and a reservoir in Israel.[190] [191] In 1986, he received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in recognition of "patriotism, tolerance, brotherhood and diversity",[192] and in 1995 was awarded the President's Medal from the Freedoms Foundation for his support of youth programs.[193] He has been awarded five honorary doctorates, but one was revoked by Robert Gordon University in 2015 after Trump called for a Muslim ban, citing Trump's speech being "wholly incompatible... with the ethos and values of the university". The remaining awards are Lehigh University's honorary doctorate of laws in 1988, Wagner College's honorary doctorate of humane letters in 2004, and Liberty University's honorary doctorates of business and law in 2012 and 2017 respectively.[194]

In December 2016, Time named Trump as its "Person of the Year",[195] but Trump took issue with the magazine for referring to him as the "President of the Divided States of America".[196] In the same month, he was named Financial Times Person of the Year[197] and was ranked by Forbes the second-most powerful person in the world after Vladimir Putin.[198] As president, Trump received the Collar of The Order of Abdulaziz al Saud from Saudi Arabia in 2017.[199]

See also

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Web site: How Trump stylizes himself as an American hero – DW – 11/03/2020 . 2023-08-25 . dw.com . en.
  2. Baym . Geoffrey . 'Think of Him as The President': Tabloid Trump and the Political Imaginary, 1980–1999 . Journal of Communication . August 2019 . 69 . 4 . 396–417 . 10.1093/joc/jqz022.
  3. Book: Milkis . Sidney M. . Nelson . Michael . The American Presidency: Origins and Development, 1776–2018 . 2019 . Congressional Quarterly Press . Los Angeles . 9781544323121 . 582 . 8th.
  4. News: Trump boasted about writing many books - his ghostwriter says otherwise . . Andrew . Buncombe . July 18, 2016 . October 11, 2020 . July 4, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180704182756/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-books-tweet-ghostwriter-tim-o-brien-tony-schwartz-writer-response-a8431271.html . live .
  5. News: Donald Trump's Ghostwriter Tells All . . Jane . Mayer . Jane Mayer . July 18, 2016 . June 19, 2017 . July 18, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160718044518/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/07/25/donald-trumps-ghostwriter-tells-all . live .
  6. News: Williams . Aaron . Narayanswamy . Anu . How Trump has made millions by selling his name . December 1, 2020 . The Washington Post . January 25, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201105033351/https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/world/trump-worldwide-licensing/ . November 5, 2020.
  7. News: Buettner . Russ . Craig . Susanne . McIntire . Mike . The Times obtained Donald Trump's tax information extending over more than two decades, revealing struggling properties, vast write-offs, an audit battle and hundreds of millions in debt coming due. . December 1, 2020 . The New York Times . September 27, 2020 . September 27, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200927211558/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/09/27/us/donald-trump-taxes.html . live .
  8. News: Newport . Frank . Trump Disapproval Rooted in Character Concerns . May 22, 2020 . Gallup . July 13, 2017 . November 6, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211106212111/https://news.gallup.com/poll/214091/trump-disapproval-rooted-character-concerns.aspx . live .
  9. Levin . Aaron . History of Goldwater Rule Recalled as Media Try to Diagnose Trump . April 25, 2020 . Psychiatric News . American Psychiatric Association . August 25, 2016 . 51 . 17 . 1 . 10.1176/appi.pn.2016.9a13 . July 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185358/https://psychnews.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.pn.2016.9a13 . live .
    • McCarthy . Michael . Experts debate Trump's mental health in US press . BMJ . February 17, 2017 . 356 . j864 . 10.1136/bmj.j864. 28213552 . 206917737 .
    • News: White House Daily Briefing January 4, 2018 . March 20, 2021 . . Reporter: What is the president's reaction to the growing number of suggestions both in this book and the media that he is mentally unfit to serve as president? Ms. Sanders: The same way we have when it has been asked before combat it is disgraceful and laughable. If he was unfit, ... . July 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184636/https://www.c-span.org/video/cc/?progid=494415 . live .
    • News: Rucker . Philip . Parker . Ashley . The White House struggles to silence talk of Trump's mental fitness . May 18, 2020 . The Washington Post . January 8, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200328002432/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/the-white-house-struggles-to-silence-talk-of-trumps-mental-fitness/2018/01/08/2a7d4092-f493-11e7-a9e3-ab18ce41436a_story.html . March 28, 2020 . subscription . dead.
    • Web site: Maza . Carlos . The awkward debate over Trump's mental fitness . Vox . May 18, 2020 . January 24, 2018 . July 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185222/https://www.vox.com/videos/2018/1/24/16928388/strikethrough-trump-mental-fitness-goldwater-rule . live .
    • Haghbayan . Hourmazd . Coomes . Eric A. . Cheema . Asim N. . Shojania . Kaveh G. . Media Dissemination of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment After President Donald Trump's Medical Evaluation . JAMA Neurology . October 2018 . 75 . 10 . 1286–1287 . 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.1777. 30014152 . 6233843 .
    • News: The 25th Amendment: Can Trump be declared unfit for office? Democratic Congress members tell Vice President Pence that Trump cannot remain for full term as not 'mentally sound'. . March 20, 2021 . Al Jazeera . January 7, 2021 . October 10, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211010023407/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/1/7/the-25th-amendment-can-trump-be-removed-from-office . live .
  11. News: Transcript of the New Hampshire GOP debate, annotated . The Washington Post . February 6, 2016 . August 9, 2021 . September 21, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210921004348/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/02/06/transcript-of-the-feb-6-gop-debate-annotated/ . subscription . dead .
  13. Web site: Few Americans Express Positive Views of Trump's Conduct in Office . Pew Research Center . December 2, 2020 . March 5, 2020 . May 21, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210521145309/https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2020/03/05/few-americans-express-positive-views-of-trumps-conduct-in-office/ . live .
  14. Web site: Tilting the scales of justice: Trump's height, weight raise eyebrows. AFP. Yahoo.com. 25 August 2023. 25 August 2023. en.
  15. News: Phillips . Aleks . August 25, 2023 . Donald Trump's height and weight measurements don't add up . August 26, 2023 . Newsweek.
  16. News: Gardner . Amy . August 25, 2023 . What we learned about Trump's height and weight in the Georgia booking. . August 26, 2023 .
  17. News: Diver . Tony . August 25, 2023 . Trump 'loses two stone and gains an inch in height' . Telegraph.co.uk. August 26, 2023 .
  18. News: Samuelsohn. Darren. Trump's driver's license casts doubt on height claims. Politico. December 23, 2015. August 26, 2023.
  19. Web site: Donald John Trump's Selective Service Draft Card and Selective Service Classification Ledger. March 14, 2019. National Archives. August 26, 2023. – via Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
  20. Web site: Fausset . Richard . Hakim . Danny . Fuller . Thomas . August 24, 2023 . Trump Surrenders at Atlanta Jail in Georgia Election Interference Case . September 1, 2023 . . August 26, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230826003106/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/24/us/trump-surrender-georgia-fulton-county-jail.html . live .
  21. News: Mitgang. Caroline. A hairdresser explains why Donald Trump's hair looks like that. February 14, 2017. Quartz. December 18, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20191217170106/https://qz.com/575952/a-hairdresser-explains-why-donald-trumps-hair-looks-like-that/. December 17, 2019. live.
  22. Web site: Trump's trademark plan is under fire. Chicago Tribune. March 30, 2004. October 21, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161022021903/http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/chi-0403300235mar30-story.html. October 22, 2016. live.
  23. Donald Trump Lets His Hair Down. Rolling Stone. May 11, 2011. October 21, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161021125502/http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/donald-trump-lets-his-hair-down-20110511. October 21, 2016. live.
  24. Fallon Ruffles Trump's Hair to Cap Off the Candidate's Breezy TV Week. Laura. Bradley. September 16, 2016. Vanity Fair. April 16, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20170728210424/http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2016/09/donald-trump-jimmy-fallon-the-tonight-show. July 28, 2017. live.
  25. News: Interview With "The Apprentice" Host Donald Trump. February 27, 2004. October 21, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160818122953/http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0402/27/lkl.00.html. August 18, 2016. live.
  26. News: Flynn. Meagan. 'He seriously messed up my hair': Trump, Jimmy Fallon in hair-tousling sequel. The Washington Post. June 25, 2018. January 20, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190121064242/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/06/25/he-seriously-messed-up-my-hair-trump-jimmy-fallon-in-hair-tussling-sequel/. January 21, 2019. live.
  27. Web site: Lemoncelli . Jenna . 2018-02-12 . Donald Trump: Is The Scar Revealed On His Head A Sign Of Scalp Reduction Surgery? . 2023-08-27 . Hollywood Life . en-US.
  28. News: Donald Trump's Marilyn Monroe moment? Hair-raising video goes viral. Irish Times. February 8, 2018. February 8, 2018. December 6, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201206082439/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/tv-radio-web/donald-trump-s-marilyn-monroe-moment-hair-raising-video-goes-viral-1.3384720. live.
  29. News: Hair-raising moment: blustery wind lifts lid on mystery of Donald Trump's mane. The Guardian. February 7, 2018. February 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180208005345/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/feb/07/donald-trump-hair-wind. February 8, 2018. live.
  30. Fitzpatrick. Kevin. Trump Reportedly Does All His Own Makeup. July 15, 2020. Vanity Fair. en-us. https://web.archive.org/web/20200412055257/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2019/02/trump-does-his-own-makeup. April 12, 2020. live.
  31. Web site: Allen. Frederick E.. Donald Trump Sues Bill Maher for Calling Him the Son of an Orangutan. July 15, 2020. Forbes. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20200125064410/https://www.forbes.com/sites/frederickallen/2013/02/06/donald-trump-sues-bill-maher-for-calling-him-the-son-of-an-orangutan/. January 25, 2020. live.
  32. News: Ax . Joseph . Trump withdraws "orangutan" lawsuit against comic Bill Maher . . April 2, 2013 . July 13, 2021 . July 16, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210716195949/https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainment-us-usa-trump-lawsuit-idUSBRE9310PL20130402 . live .
  33. Web site: May 8, 2020. Actually, the Orange Man Is Bad. July 15, 2020. The Bulwark. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20200601000816/https://thebulwark.com/actually-the-orange-man-is-bad/. June 1, 2020. live.
  34. Web site: June 10, 2016. On 'Tonight Show' President Obama notes 'orange is not the new black'. July 15, 2020. The Mercury News. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20200715152056/https://www.mercurynews.com/2016/06/10/on-tonight-show-president-obama-notes-orange-is-not-the-new-black/. July 15, 2020. live.
  35. News: Helmore. Edward. September 13, 2019. Trump explains his distinctive orange hue: it's the lightbulbs. en-GB. The Guardian. July 15, 2020. 0261-3077. https://web.archive.org/web/20200606195721/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/sep/13/trump-orange-skin-hue-lightbulbs-energy-efficient. June 6, 2020. live.
  36. Web site: Wagtendonk. Anya van. February 8, 2020. The viral tan line photo of Trump's face, briefly explained. July 15, 2020. Vox. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20200615101931/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/2/8/21129275/trump-tan-line-face-photo. June 15, 2020. live.
  37. Web site: Oh. Inae. SNL mocks Trump's very bad, orange tan line. July 15, 2020. Mother Jones. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20200305142720/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2020/02/snl-mocks-trumps-very-bad-orange-tan-line/. March 5, 2020. live.
  38. Web site: Dzhanova. Yelena. February 8, 2020. Trump blasts photo showing his 'tan' line as photoshopped — and then asks if his hair looks good. July 15, 2020. CNBC. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20200226150122/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/08/trump-blasts-photo-showing-tan-line-as-photoshopped.html. February 26, 2020. live.
  39. News: Noor . Poppy . 2019-11-27 . Trump posted a picture of himself as Rocky. No one knows what to make of it . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-08-25 . 0261-3077.
  40. Ellis . Emma Grey . The Alt-Right Found Its Favorite Cartoonist—and Almost Ruined His Life . en-US . Wired . 2023-08-25 . 1059-1028.
  41. News: Taylor . Josh . 2022-12-17 . Donald Trump's digital trading card collection sells out in less than a day . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-08-25 . 0261-3077.
  42. Web site: Tran . Ken . Trump's "major announcement" of NFT collection draws ridicule but sells out . 2023-08-25 . USA TODAY . en-US.
  43. Web site: 2023-08-25 . With one glowering mug shot, Trump joins a notorious album of (alleged) criminals . 2023-08-25 . The Independent . en.
  44. Web site: Collinson . Stephen . 2023-08-25 . Presidential mug shot of inmate No. P01135809 is stark in its simplicity . 2023-08-25 . CNN . en.
  45. Web site: 2023-08-25 . 'Sinister' 'humiliating' 'instantly iconic': See Instant reaction to Trump mug shot . 2023-08-25 . Yahoo News . en-US.
  46. Web site: Historic mugshot: Donald Trump booked on 13 election fraud charges in Georgia . 2023-08-25 . Sky News . en.
  47. Web site: 2023-08-25 . One image, one face, one American moment: The Donald Trump mug shot . 2023-08-25 . AP News . en.
  48. News: Mahdawi . Arwa . 2023-08-26 . Trump is turning his mugshot into a badge of honour – but will voters see it that way? . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-08-26 . 0261-3077.
  49. News: Wright . George . Honderich . Holly . 2023-08-24 . Trump seeks to make the most of historic Georgia mugshot . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-08-26.
  50. Web site: Bauer-Reese . Jillian . 2023-08-25 . Opinion: Trump's mug shot is historic, but arrest images of ordinary people shouldn't be published . 2023-08-26 . Los Angeles Times . en-US.
  51. Web site: Koenig . Melissa . 2023-08-25 . Trump's mugshot sparks memes . 2023-08-26 . en-US.
  52. News: Collin . Robbie . 2023-08-25 . Why Trump's 'Kubrick Stare' mugshot is straight out of the horror film playbook . en-GB . The Telegraph . 2023-08-26 . 0307-1235.
  53. Web site: Bailey . Jeremy . 2023-08-25 . Trump's Glare Likened to Iconic Stanley Kubrick Villains at the 'Peak of Their Derangement' . 2023-08-26 . TheWrap . en-US.
  54. Web site: Frazier . Kierra . Herszenhorn . Miles J. . July 13, 2024 . Photo of bloodied Trump fist pumping immediately spotlighted by his allies . July 14, 2024 . POLITICO.
  55. The Attempt on Donald Trump's Life and an Image That Will Last . The New Yorker . Wallace-Wells . Benjamin.
  56. Web site: A photo of a bloodied Trump raising his fist after being shot has already become the defining image of his reelection bid . .
  57. News: Adrienne . LaFrance . Three Decades of Donald Trump Film and TV Cameos . December 21, 2015 . . November 30, 2020 . December 22, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151222100108/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/12/three-decades-of-donald-trump-film-and-tv-cameos/421257/ . live .
  58. News: Lockett . Dee . Yes, Donald Trump Did Actually Play a Spoiled Rich Kid's Dad in The Little Rascals . Vulture . June 21, 2016 . July 14, 2018 . July 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180714193322/http://www.vulture.com/2016/06/donald-trump-was-in-the-little-rascals.html . live .
  59. News: 'Donald Trump' Gets a Comedy Central Series . Megan . Garber . . April 3, 2017 . April 4, 2017 . April 27, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190427112648/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/04/donald-trump-impression-gets-a-comedy-central-show/521718/ . live .
  60. 25 years of Donald Trump mentions in hip hop . YouTube . mantolius . February 25, 2016 . November 15, 2016 . March 8, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170308085214/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3PDW6g1ceU . live .
  61. News: Hip-Hop Is Turning On Donald Trump . . July 14, 2016 . Allison . McCann . November 30, 2020 . November 8, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201108105851/http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/clinton-trump-hip-hop-lyrics/ . live .
  62. YG & Nipsey Hussle Discuss Their Anti-Donald Trump Track 'FDT' & Why 'Trump Is Not the Answer'. Billboard. April 1, 2016. November 16, 2016.
  63. Web site: 'F*** Donald Trump' song tops charts after Biden wins election. . November 8, 2020.
  64. News: Trump's love-hate relationship with the press . . April 28, 2018 . July 4, 2018 . Parnes . Amy . July 4, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180704214027/http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/385245-trumps-love-hate-relationship-with-the-press . live .
  65. News: Love and Hate: The Media's Co-Dependent Relationship With Donald Trump . . March 1, 2016 . July 4, 2018 . Ingram . Mathew . July 4, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180704124054/http://fortune.com/2016/03/01/media-love-hate-trump/ . live .
  66. News: Trump's love-hate relationship with media intensifies . . January 24, 2017 . July 4, 2018 . Ben . Flanagan . April 18, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190418085719/http://www.arabnews.com/node/1043476/science-technology . live .
  67. Who is Donald Trump? . July 10, 2016 . July 4, 2018 . D'Antonio . Michael . . August 23, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180823005920/https://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/10/opinions/donald-trump-biography-michael-dantonio/index.html . live .
  68. News: Bret Baier: Trump Likes Trolling the Left to Watch 'Heads Explode', Even If He Contradicts Himself . . July 24, 2018 . Josh . Feldman . November 30, 2020 . November 15, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201115050023/https://www.mediaite.com/tv/bret-baier-trump-likes-trolling-the-left-to-watch-heads-explode-even-if-he-contradicts-himself/ . live .
  69. News: This Is the Way Paul Ryan's Speakership Ends . Mark . Leibovich . Mark Leibovich . August 7, 2018 . . November 30, 2020 . January 6, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210106213225/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/07/magazine/paul-ryan-speakership-end-trump.html . live .
  70. Web site: Media Trump Hatred Shows in 92% Negative Coverage of His Presidency: Study . Investor's Business Daily . 2018-10-10 . 10 October 2018 . 2022-01-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220108172813/https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/media-trump-hatred-coverage/ . live .
  71. News: This Harvard study is a powerful indictment of the media's role in Donald Trump's rise. Chris. Cillizza. Chris Cillizza. June 14, 2016. The Washington Post. June 16, 2021. September 19, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160919170220/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/06/14/this-harvard-study-is-a-powerful-indictment-of-the-medias-role-in-donald-trumps-rise/. live.
  72. News: Why Trump Will Win a Second Term . Chozick . Amy . Amy Chozick . September 29, 2018 . . September 22, 2019 . September 22, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190922060131/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/29/sunday-review/trump-2020-reality-tv.html . live .
  73. Lawrence . Regina G. . Boydstun . Amber E. . The Trump Conundrum . Columbia Journalism Review . Fall 2017 . December 17, 2020 . August 2, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210802145855/https://www.cjr.org/special_report/trump-coverage-election-clinton.php . live .
  74. News: Kenneth T.. Walsh. Kenneth T. Walsh. Trump: Media Is 'Dishonest and Corrupt'. August 15, 2016. U.S. News & World Report. 2021-06-16. 2016-09-16. https://web.archive.org/web/20160916083614/http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-15/trump-media-is-dishonest-and-corrupt. live.
  75. News: Bondarenko . Veronika . Trump keeps saying 'enemy of the people' – but the phrase has a very ugly history . . October 25, 2017 . October 25, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171025110555/http://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-president-trumps-phrase-an-enemy-of-the-people-2017-2 . live .
  76. News: Thomsen . Jacqueline . '60 Minutes' correspondent: Trump said he attacks the press so no one believes negative coverage . . May 23, 2018 . May 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180522235026/http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/388855-60-minutes-correspondent-trump-said-he-attacks-the-press-so-no-one . live .
  77. News: Trump's latest shot at the press corps: 'Take away credentials?' . Brian . Stelter . Brian Stelter . Kaitlan . Collins . Kaitlan Collins . . May 9, 2018 . May 9, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180509180903/http://money.cnn.com/2018/05/09/media/president-trump-press-credentials/index.html . live .
  78. News: After Another Year of Trump Attacks, 'Ominous Signs' for the American Press . Michael M. . Grynbaum . December 30, 2019 . . November 30, 2020 . December 31, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201231162413/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/30/business/media/trump-media-2019.html . live .
  79. News: As a foreign reporter visiting the US I was stunned by Trump's press conference . Taylor . Lenore . Lenore Taylor . September 20, 2019 . . September 22, 2019 . September 22, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190922012613/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/sep/20/as-a-foreign-reporter-visiting-the-us-i-was-stunned-by-trumps-press-conference . live .
  80. News: . March 11, 2020 . Joshua A. . Geltzer . Neal K. . Katyal . The True Danger of the Trump Campaign's Defamation Lawsuits . October 1, 2020 . October 3, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201003201516/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/03/true-danger-trump-campaigns-libel-lawsuits/607753/ . live .
  81. News: . March 3, 2020 . David . Folkenflik . David Folkenflik . Trump 2020 Sues 'Washington Post,' Days After 'N.Y. Times' Defamation Suit . November 30, 2020 . December 30, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201230184402/https://www.npr.org/2020/03/03/811735554/trump-2020-sues-washington-post-days-after-ny-times-defamation-suit . live .
  82. News: . March 6, 2020 . Brian . Flood . Brooke . Singman . Trump campaign sues CNN over 'false and defamatory' statements, seeks millions in damages . November 30, 2020 . November 23, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201123230411/https://www.foxnews.com/media/trump-campaign-sues-cnn-false-defamatory-statements-millions-damages.amp . live .
  83. News: . March 8, 2020 . Justin . Wise . Trump escalates fight against press with libel lawsuits . October 1, 2020 . October 8, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201008172302/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/486273-trump-escalates-fight-against-press-with-libel-lawsuits . live .
  84. News: Donald Trump Approval Rating Average in First Two Years is Lowest For Any President Since World War II . Jessica . Kwong . January 16, 2019 . . January 25, 2019 . January 24, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190124151636/https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-average-approval-rating-first-two-years-lowest-any-president-1293785 . live .
  85. News: Samuels . Brett . February 24, 2020 . Trump hits highest Gallup approval rating of his presidency . . March 3, 2020 . March 3, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200303160621/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/481360-trump-hits-highest-gallup-approval-rating-of-his-presidency . live .
  86. News: Cummings . William . February 13, 2020 . Six in 10 Americans say they feel better off after first 3 years of Trump, poll says . October 17, 2020 . . October 13, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201013042228/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/02/13/gallup-poll-says-6-10-americans-feel-better-off-3-years-after-trump/4747228002/ . live .
  87. Web site: December 21, 2018 . Trump Approval More Stable Than Approval for Prior Presidents . January 17, 2020 . . May 7, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200507015026/https://news.gallup.com/opinion/polling-matters/245567/trump-approval-stable-approval-prior-presidents.aspx . live .
  88. News: Trump's Approval Rating Is Incredibly Steady. Is That Weird Or The New Normal? . Skelley . Geoffrey . March 28, 2019 . . March 3, 2020 . March 7, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200307150727/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/trumps-approval-rating-is-incredibly-steady-is-that-weird-or-the-new-normal/ . live .
  89. News: Trump's approval rating steady despite impeachment: NBC News/Wall Street Journal polls . December 17, 2019 . . March 3, 2020 . March 3, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200303062221/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/presidential-approval-poll-tracker-n1102776 . live .
  90. Web site: Jones . Jeffrey M. . Trump Job Approval Sets New Record for Polarization . 16 January 2019 . Gallup . December 2, 2020 . 6 November 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211106214119/https://news.gallup.com/poll/245996/trump-job-approval-sets-new-record-polarization.aspx . live .
  91. News: Most Admired Man and Woman . . June 12, 2018 . September 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210930212930/https://news.gallup.com/poll/1678/most-admired-man-woman.aspx . live .
  92. Web site: Jones. Jeffrey M. . December 29, 2020. Donald Trump, Michelle Obama Most Admired in 2020. October 23, 2021. Gallup.com. en. February 11, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210211231742/https://news.gallup.com/poll/328193/donald-trump-michelle-obama-admired-2020.aspx. live.
  93. News: Panetta . Grace . . Donald Trump and Barack Obama are tied for 2019's most admired man in the US . December 30, 2019 . July 24, 2020 . July 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200725065944/https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-barack-obama-tie-2019-most-admired-man-gallup-2019-12 . live .
  94. News: Datta . Monti . 3 countries where Trump is popular . October 15, 2020 . . October 21, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201021031717/https://theconversation.com/3-countries-where-trump-is-popular-120317 . live .
  95. News: 2018 . Rating World Leaders: 2016-2017 The U.S. vs. Germany, China and Russia (page 9) . . . 2020-11-30 . 2020-12-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201213192250/https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000161-0647-da3c-a371-867f6acc0001 . live .
  96. Web site: Top 50 Twitter users sorted by Followers . . October 2, 2020 . January 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210109045246/https://socialblade.com/twitter/top/50 . live .
  97. News: Twitter tags Trump tweet with fact-checking warning . May 27, 2020 . . June 14, 2020 . June 4, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200604002036/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52815552 . live .
  98. Web site: Search . Trump Twitter Archive . June 14, 2020 . June 14, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200614134157/http://www.trumptwitterarchive.com/archive . live .
  99. News: Spicer: Tweets are Trump's official statements . Elizabeth . Landers . June 6, 2017 . . November 30, 2020 . July 20, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170720220333/http://www.cnn.com/2017/06/06/politics/trump-tweets-official-statements/index.html . live .
  100. News: Singletary . Michelle . Trump dumped Secretary of State Rex Tillerson in a tweet. What's the worst way you've been fired? . . March 15, 2018 . March 18, 2018 . March 17, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180317205503/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/get-there/wp/2018/03/15/trump-dumped-secretary-of-state-rex-tillerson-in-a-tweet-whats-the-worst-way-youve-been-fired/ . live .
  101. News: Gaouette . Nicole . Starr . Barbara . Browne . Ryan . Klein . Betsy . Trump fires Secretary of Defense Mark Esper . . November 9, 2020 . November 9, 2020 . November 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201109180506/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/09/politics/trump-fires-esper/index.html . live .
  102. News: Qiu . Linda . Fact-Checking President Trump Through His First 100 Days . . April 27, 2017 . June 25, 2017 . June 22, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170622232601/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/29/us/politics/fact-checking-president-trump-through-his-first-100-days.html . live .
  103. News: Kessler . Glenn . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Lee . Michelle Ye Hee . Fact Checker Analysis – President Trump's first 100 days: The fact check tally . . May 1, 2017 . June 25, 2017 . June 24, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170624044354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2017/05/01/president-trumps-first-100-days-the-fact-check-tally/ . live .
  104. News: Drinkard . Jim . Woodward . Calvin . Fact check: Trump's missions unaccomplished despite his claims . . June 24, 2017 . June 25, 2017 . June 25, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170625031509/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/politics/factcheck/ct-fact-check-trump-missions-20170624-story.html . live .
  105. News: Conger . Kate . Alba . Davey . Davey Alba . Twitter Refutes Inaccuracies in Trump's Tweets About Mail-In Voting . July 7, 2020 . . May 26, 2020 . July 6, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200706173108/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/26/technology/twitter-trump-mail-in-ballots.html . live .
  106. News: Dwoskin . Elizabeth . Twitter labels Trump's tweets with a fact check for the first time . May 27, 2020 . July 7, 2020 . . July 2, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200702225156/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/05/26/trump-twitter-label-fact-check/ . live .
  107. News: Dwoskin . Elizabeth . Twitter's decision to label Trump's tweets was two years in the making . May 30, 2020 . July 7, 2020 . . July 10, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200710225941/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/05/29/inside-twitter-trump-label/ . live .
  108. News: Dwoskin . Elizabeth . Trump lashes out at social media companies after Twitter labels tweets with fact checks . June 14, 2020 . May 28, 2020 . . May 28, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200528011515/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/05/27/trump-twitter-label/ . live .
  109. News: Linda . Qiu . In One Rally, 12 Inaccurate Claims From Trump . June 22, 2017 . . November 30, 2020 . December 13, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191213155911/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/22/us/politics/factcheck-donald-trump-iowa-rally.html . live .
    • McGranahan . Carole . An anthropology of lying: Trump and the political sociality of moral outrage . . May 2017 . 44 . 2 . 243–248 . 10.1111/amet.12475 . It has long been a truism that politicians lie, but with the entry of Donald Trump into the U.S. political domain, the frequency, degree, and impact of lying in politics are now unprecedented [...] Donald Trump is different. By all metrics and counting schemes, his lies are off the charts. We simply have not seen such an accomplished and effective liar before in U.S. politics..
    • News: . August 7, 2017 . Sheryl Gay . Stolberg . Sheryl Gay Stolberg . Many Politicians Lie. But Trump Has Elevated the Art of Fabrication. . March 11, 2019 . President Trump, historians and consultants in both political parties agree, appears to have taken what the writer Hannah Arendt once called 'the conflict between truth and politics' to an entirely new level. . November 1, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201101103437/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/us/politics/lies-trump-obama-mislead.html . live .
    • News: A year of unprecedented deception: Trump averaged 15 false claims a day in 2018 . . December 30, 2018 . February 20, 2019 . Glenn . Kessler . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . 'When before have we seen a president so indifferent to the distinction between truth and falsehood, or so eager to blur that distinction?' presidential historian Michael R. Beschloss said of Trump in 2018. . February 19, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190219213324/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/12/30/year-unprecedented-deception-trump-averaged-false-claims-day/ . live .
    • News: . February 6, 2017 . Mark Z. . Barabak . There's a long history of presidential untruths. Here's why Donald Trump is 'in a class by himself' . March 11, 2019 . White House scholars and other students of government agree there has never been a president like Donald Trump, whose volume of falsehoods, misstatements and serial exaggerationson matters large and wincingly smallplace him 'in a class by himself', as Texas A&M's George Edwards put it. . November 1, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201101103523/https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-trump-presidential-lies-2017-story.html . live .
    • News: . December 22, 2017 . Daniel . Dale . Daniel Dale . Donald Trump has spent a year lying shamelessly. It hasn't worked . March 4, 2019 . 'We've had presidents that have lied or misled the country, but we've never had a serial liar before. And that's what we're dealing with here,' said Douglas Brinkley, the prominent Rice University presidential historian. . May 30, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200530133951/https://www.thestar.com/news/world/analysis/2017/12/22/donald-trump-has-spent-a-year-lying-shamelessly-it-hasnt-worked.html . live .
    • News: . May 9, 2018 . Chris . Cillizza . Chris Cillizza . President Trump lied more than 3,000 times in 466 days . March 4, 2019 . We've never had a president with such a casual relationship to the truth ... The sheer rate of Trump's untruth-telling is staggering. It is unprecedented. . April 14, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210414234005/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/05/01/politics/donald-trump-3000/index.html . live .
    • Web site: . 2017 . Heidi Taksdal . Skjeseth . All the president's lies: Media coverage of lies in the US and France . ...a president who is delivering untruths on an unprecedented scale. Mr Trump did this both while running for president, and he has continued to do so in office. There is no precedent for this amount of untruths in the U.S. . 2020-11-30 . 2020-08-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200828164746/https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2017-10/Taksdal%20Skjeseth%2C%20All%20the%20President%27s%20Lies%20-%20Media%20Coverage%20of%20lies%20in%20the%20US%20and%20France.pdf . live .
    • Stern . Donnel . Constructivism in the Age of Trump: Truth, Lies, and Knowing the Difference . Psychoanalytic Dialogues . May 9, 2019 . 29 . 2 . 189–196 . 10.1080/10481885.2019.1587996 . 164971149 . Donald Trump lies so often that some have wondered whether he has poisoned the well [...] We expect politicians to stretch the truth. But Trump is a whole different animal. He lies as a policy..
    • News: Grosz . Stephen . The real reason Donald Trump lies . . June 25, 2019 . January 9, 2019 . We all lie, but we don't lie like President Trump. He is the most extravagant, reckless, inexhaustible fibber of our era. . August 12, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210812125310/http://www.ft.com/content/b752121c-127a-11e9-a581-4ff78404524e . live .
  111. News: It's True: Trump Is Lying More, and He's Doing It on Purpose . . August 3, 2018 . January 10, 2019 . Susan . Glasser . Susan Glasser . October 23, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181023195836/https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-trumps-washington/trumps-escalating-war-on-the-truth-is-on-purpose . live .
  112. News: Konnikova . Maria . Maria Konnikova . Trump's Lies vs. Your Brain . . January 20, 2017 . March 31, 2018 . March 31, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180331120757/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/donald-trump-lies-liar-effect-brain-214658 . live .
  113. News: Finnegan . Michael . Scope of Trump's falsehoods unprecedented for a modern presidential candidate . . March 4, 2019 . Never in modern presidential politics has a major candidate made false statements as routinely as Trump has. . March 6, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111540/https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-false-statements-20160925-snap-story.html . live .
  114. News: The 'King of Whoppers': Donald Trump . . March 4, 2019 . In the 12 years of FactCheck.org's existence, we've never seen his match. . December 21, 2015 . February 2, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190202154349/https://www.factcheck.org/2015/12/the-king-of-whoppers-donald-trump/ . live .
  115. News: Lee . Michelle Ye Hee . Kessler . Glenn . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Kelly . Meg . President Trump has made 1,318 false or misleading claims over 263 days . . October 10, 2017 . November 5, 2017 . May 8, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200508021051/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2017/10/10/president-trump-has-made-1318-false-or-misleading-claims-over-263-days/ . live .
  116. News: President Trump has made more than 10,000 false or misleading claims . . April 29, 2019 . April 29, 2019 . Glenn . Kessler . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Salvador . Rizzo . Meg . Kelly . April 29, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190429080528/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/04/29/president-trump-has-made-more-than-false-or-misleading-claims/ . live .
  117. News: . Glenn . Kessler . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Salvador . Rizzo . Meg . Kelly . President Trump has made 6,420 false or misleading claims over 649 days . November 2, 2018 . November 2, 2018 . November 2, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181102103906/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/11/02/president-trump-has-made-false-or-misleading-claims-over-days/ . live .
  118. News: . September 13, 2018 . Glenn . Kessler . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Salvador . Rizzo . Meg . Kelly . President Trump has made more than 5,000 false or misleading claims . October 16, 2018 . October 15, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181015162443/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/09/13/president-trump-has-made-more-than-false-or-misleading-claims/ . live .
  119. News: . October 22, 2020 . Glenn . Kessler . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Salvador . Rizzo . Meg . Kelly . Trump is averaging more than 50 false or misleading claims a day . November 30, 2020 . January 8, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210108165419/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/10/22/president-trump-is-averaging-more-than-50-false-or-misleading-claims-day/ . live .
  120. News: . January 20, 2020 . Glenn . Kessler . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Salvador . Rizzo . Meg . Kelly . President Trump made 16,241 false or misleading claims in his first three years . November 30, 2020 . January 10, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210110045105/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/01/20/president-trump-made-16241-false-or-misleading-claims-his-first-three-years/ . live .
  121. News: Donald Trump had biggest inaugural crowd ever? Metrics don't show it . . January 21, 2017 . Linda . Qiu . March 30, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170205200625/http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2017/jan/21/sean-spicer/trump-had-biggest-inaugural-crowd-ever-metrics-don/ . February 5, 2017 . live.
  122. News: Rein . Lisa . Here are the photos that show Obama's inauguration crowd was bigger than Trump's . . March 6, 2017 . March 8, 2017 . March 7, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170307222653/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/03/06/here-are-the-photos-that-show-obamas-inauguration-crowd-was-bigger-than-trumps/ . live .
  123. News: Nisen . Max . Trump Is Overhyping Unproven Coronavirus Drugs . March 19, 2020 . . March 24, 2020 . July 30, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200730015831/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/trump-is-overhyping-unproven-coronavirus-drugs/2020/03/19/ed1ff4e2-6a1a-11ea-b199-3a9799c54512_story.html . dead .
  124. News: Spring . Marianna . Coronavirus: The human cost of virus misinformation . May 27, 2020 . . June 13, 2020 . June 14, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200614091555/https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-52731624 . live .
  125. News: Rowland . Christopher . As Trump touts an unproven coronavirus treatment, supplies evaporate for patients who need those drugs . March 23, 2020 . . March 24, 2020 . March 24, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200324001643/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/20/hospitals-doctors-are-wiping-out-supplies-an-unproven-coronavirus-treatment/ . live .
  126. News: Parkinson . Joe . Gauthier-Villars . David . Trump Claim That Malaria Drugs Treat Coronavirus Sparks Warnings, Shortages . March 23, 2020 . . March 26, 2020 . subscription . April 16, 2020 . https://archive.today/20200416004111/https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-claim-that-malaria-drugs-treat-coronavirus-sparks-warnings-shortages-11584981897 . live .
  127. News: Atterbury . Andrew . Dixon . Matt . Florida ordered 1M doses of a Trump-touted drug. Hospitals didn't want it . June 11, 2020 . . June 13, 2020 . October 23, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211023163231/https://www.politico.com/states/florida/story/2020/06/11/florida-ordered-1-million-doses-of-a-trump-touted-drug-hospitals-didnt-want-it-1292638 . live .
  128. News: Zurcher . Anthony . Trump's anti-Muslim retweet fits a pattern . November 29, 2017 . . June 13, 2020 . August 5, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200805154539/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-42171550 . live .
  129. News: Allen . Jonathan . Does being President Trump still mean never having to say you're sorry? . December 31, 2018 . . June 14, 2020 . November 8, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201108105427/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/does-being-president-trump-still-mean-never-having-say-you-n952841 . live .
  130. News: Greenberg . David . The Perils of Calling Trump a Liar . January 28, 2017 . . June 13, 2020 . July 30, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200730022637/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/the-perils-of-calling-trump-a-liar-214704 . live .
  131. News: Bauder . David . News media hesitate to use 'lie' for Trump's misstatements . August 29, 2018 . . June 13, 2020 . November 6, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181106113717/https://apnews.com/88675d3fdd674c7c9ec70f170f6e4a1a. live .
  132. News: Kessler . Glenn . Glenn Kessler (journalist) . Not just misleading. Not merely false. A lie. . August 23, 2018 . . June 13, 2020 . June 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200609054331/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/08/23/not-just-misleading-not-merely-false-lie/ . live .
  133. News: Guynn . Jessica . From COVID-19 to voting: Trump is nation's single largest spreader of disinformation, studies say . October 5, 2020 . . October 7, 2020 . November 1, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201101060458/https://eu.usatoday.com/story/tech/2020/10/05/trump-covid-19-coronavirus-disinformation-facebook-twitter-election/3632194001/ . live .
  134. News: Trump sees a 'rigged election' ahead. Democrats see a constitutional crisis in the making.. Siders. David. May 25, 2020. Politico. August 15, 2020. August 4, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200804175113/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/05/25/donald-trump-rigged-election-talk-fears-274477. live.
  135. News: Riccardi . Nicholas . AP FACT CHECK: Trump's big distortions on mail-in voting . September 17, 2020 . . October 7, 2020 . October 7, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201007174058/https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ap-fact-check-elections-voting-fraud-and-irregularities-8c5db90960815f91f39fe115579570b4 . live .
  136. News: Eric. Lipton. Eric Lipton. David E.. Sanger. David E. Sanger. Maggie. Haberman. Maggie Haberman. Michael D.. Shear. Michael D. Shear. Mark. Mazzetti. Mark Mazzetti. Julian E.. Barnes. He Could Have Seen What Was Coming: Behind Trump's Failure on the Virus. April 11, 2020. The New York Times. April 11, 2020. July 14, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200714154950/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/11/us/politics/coronavirus-trump-response.html. live.
  137. News: Bergengruen . Vera . Hennigan . W.J. . 'You're Gonna Beat It.' How Donald Trump's COVID-19 Battle Has Only Fueled Misinformation . October 6, 2020 . . October 7, 2020 . October 7, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201007091732/https://time.com/5896709/trump-covid-campaign/ . live .
  138. News: Tomasky . Michael . Michael Tomasky . Why Does Trump Lie? . June 11, 2020 . . June 13, 2020 . June 13, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200613023602/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/opinion/trump-lies.html . live .
  139. Book: Pfiffner, James P. . Lamb . Charles M. . Neiheisel . Jacob R. . Presidential Leadership and the Trump Presidency: Executive Power and Democratic Government . New York . Palgrave Macmillan . 2019 . 17–40 . The Lies of Donald Trump: A Taxonomy . 978-3-030-18979-2 . 2020-11-30 . 2020-12-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201227080444/https://pfiffner.gmu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Pfiffner-The-Lies-of-Donald-Trump-A-Taxonomy.pdf . live .
  141. News: Fact-checking the dangerous bin Laden conspiracy theory that Trump touted . Tara . Subramaniam . Holmes . Lybrand . . October 15, 2020 . November 30, 2020 . October 15, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201015214840/https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/15/politics/donald-trump-osama-bin-laden-conspiracy-theory-fact-check/index.html . live .
  142. Multiple sources:
    • News: . Lopez . German . Donald Trump's long history of racism, from the 1970s to 2019 . June 15, 2019 . February 14, 2019 . February 12, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190212113958/https://www.vox.com/2016/7/25/12270880/donald-trump-racism-history . live .
    • News: Every moment in Trump's charged relationship with race . January 12, 2018 . . January 13, 2018 . May 28, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190528142224/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/every-moment-donald-trumps-long-complicated-history-race . live .
    • News: A history of Donald Trump's racially charged statements . October 3, 2019 . . . July 16, 2019 . October 3, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191003040329/https://www.sbs.com.au/news/a-history-of-donald-trump-s-racially-charged-statements . live .
    • News: Dawsey . Josh . Josh Dawsey . Trump's history of making offensive comments about nonwhite immigrants . . January 11, 2018 . January 11, 2018 . June 14, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190614070241/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-attacks-protections-for-immigrants-from-shithole-countries-in-oval-office-meeting/2018/01/11/bfc0725c-f711-11e7-91af-31ac729add94_story.html . live .
    • News: Trump's 'shithole' comment denounced across the globe . January 13, 2018 . . January 12, 2018 . Aubree Eliza . Weaver . January 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180112223014/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/12/trump-shithole-comment-reaction-337926 . live .
    • News: Stoddard . Ed . Mfula . Chris . Africa calls Trump racist after 'shithole' remark . October 1, 2019 . . January 12, 2018 . African politicians and diplomats labeled U.S. President Donald Trump a racist on Friday. . October 1, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191001065640/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-reaction/africa-calls-trump-racist-after-shithole-remark-idUSKBN1F11VC . live .
  143. News: As Trump denies racism, most Americans don't believe him . Benen . Steve . Steve Benen . August 1, 2019 . . November 30, 2020 . September 18, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200918022829/http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/trump-denies-racism-most-americans-dont-believe-him . live .
  144. News: Poll: Majority of Trump Voters Say His Political Correctness Is 'About Right' . Nichols . Laura . June 29, 2017 . January 13, 2018 . . January 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180114073737/https://morningconsult.com/2017/06/29/poll-majority-trump-voters-say-political-correctness-right/ . live .
  145. News: Economic Anxiety Didn't Make People Vote Trump, Racism Did . January 13, 2018 . . May 8, 2017 . Sean . McElwee . Jason . McDaniel .
    • Inwood . Joshua . 2018 . White supremacy, white counter-revolutionary politics, and the rise of Donald Trump . Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space . 37 . 4 . 579–596 . 10.1177/2399654418789949. 158269272.
    • Giroux . Henry A. . 2017 . White nationalism, armed culture and state violence in the age of Donald Trump . Philosophy & Social Criticism . 43 . 9 . 887–910 . 10.1177/0191453717702800. 151410842.
    • Bobo . Lawrence D. . 2017 . The empire strikes back: Fall of the Postracial Myth and Stirrings of Renewed White Supremacy . Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race . 14 . 1 . 1–5 . 10.1017/S1742058X1700008X. free .
    • Sanchez . James Chase . 2018 . Trump, the KKK, and the Versatility of White Supremacy Rhetoric . Journal of Contemporary Rhetoric . 8 . 1/2 . 44–56 . 10.1177/2399654418789949. 158269272.
    • Pulido . Laura . Tianna . Bruno . Cristina . Faiver-Serna . Cassandra . Galentine . 2018 . Environmental Deregulation, Spectacular Racism, and White Nationalism in the Trump Era . Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics . 109 . 2 . 520–532 . 10.1080/24694452.2018.1549473. 159402163.
  147. News: The past year of research has made it very clear: Trump won because of racial resentment . January 14, 2018 . . December 15, 2017 . German . Lopez . January 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180114184707/https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/12/15/16781222/trump-racism-economic-anxiety-study . live .
  148. Lajevardi . Nazita . Oskooii . Kassra A. R. . 2018 . Old-Fashioned Racism, Contemporary Islamophobia, and the Isolation of Muslim Americans in the Age of Trump . Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics . 3 . 1 . 112–152 . 10.1017/rep.2017.37. 158559765 .
  149. News: 44 Percent Of White Americans Think Donald Trump Is Racist, New Poll Finds . Marcin . Tim . July 5, 2018 . July 5, 2018 . . July 5, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180705012246/http://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-racist-44-percent-white-americans-poll-survey-new-1007434 . live .
  150. Web site: Harsh Words For U.S. Family Separation Policy, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; Voters Have Dim View Of Trump, Dems On Immigration . . July 3, 2018 . July 5, 2018 . July 4, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180704233051/https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2554 . live .
  151. News: William . Cummins . A majority of voters say President Donald Trump is a racist, Quinnipiac University poll finds . . July 31, 2019 . November 30, 2020 . October 4, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201004125515/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/07/31/donald-trump-racist-majority-say-quinnipiac-university-poll/1877168001/ . live .
  152. News: 'No Vacancies' for Blacks: How Donald Trump Got His Start, and Was First Accused of Bias . . August 27, 2016 . January 13, 2018 . Mahler . Jonathan . Eder . Steve . May 27, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190527090921/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/28/us/politics/donald-trump-housing-race.html . live .
  153. News: Ransom . Jan . Trump Will Not Apologize for Calling for Death Penalty Over Central Park Five . June 29, 2019 . . June 18, 2019 . June 26, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190626174804/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/18/nyregion/central-park-five-trump.html . live .
  154. News: Farley . Robert . Donald Trump says people who went to school with Obama never saw him . . February 14, 2011 . January 31, 2020 . December 11, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191211164112/https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2011/feb/14/donald-trump/donald-trump-says-people-who-went-school-obama-nev/ . live .
  155. News: Moody . Chris . Gay conservatives who helped kickstart Trump's GOP career have serious regrets . . March 3, 2016 . February 1, 2020 . December 23, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191223232646/https://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/03/politics/donald-trump-first-speech-to-cpac/index.html . live .
  156. News: Trump takes credit for Obama birth certificate release, but wonders 'is it real?' . Madison . Lucy . April 27, 2011 . May 9, 2011 . . March 1, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150301005408/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-takes-credit-for-obama-birth-certificate-release-but-wonders-is-it-real/ . live .
  157. News: Donald Trump's History of Raising Birther Questions About President Obama . ABC News . Keneally . Meghan . September 18, 2015 . August 27, 2016 . October 5, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181005131135/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trumps-history-raising-birther-questions-president-obama/story?id=33861832 . live .
  158. News: . Trump Drops False 'Birther' Theory, but Floats a New One: Clinton Started It . Maggie . Haberman . Maggie Haberman . Alan . Rappeport . Alan Rappeport . September 16, 2016 . November 30, 2020 . January 27, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170127233844/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/17/us/politics/donald-trump-birther-obama.html . live .
  159. News: Haberman . Maggie . Maggie Haberman . Martin . Jonathan . Jonathan Martin (journalist) . November 28, 2017 . Trump Once Said the 'Access Hollywood' Tape Was Real. Now He's Not Sure. . . June 11, 2020 . June 8, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200608220859/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/28/us/politics/trump-access-hollywood-tape.html . live .
  160. Schaffner . Brian F. . Brian Schaffner . Macwilliams . Matthew . Nteta . Tatishe . Understanding White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism . . March 2018 . 133 . 1 . 9–34 . 10.1002/polq.12737. free .
  161. News: Katie . Reilly . Here Are All the Times Donald Trump Insulted Mexico . January 13, 2018 . . August 31, 2016 . May 9, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190509230052/http://time.com/4473972/donald-trump-mexico-meeting-insult/ . live .
  162. News: Five Insults Donald Trump Has Fired At Mexicans In The Presidential Race . January 13, 2018 . . September 1, 2016 . April 27, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190427112624/https://news.sky.com/story/five-insults-donald-trump-has-fired-at-mexicans-in-the-presidential-race-10559438 . live .
  163. News: Paul Ryan Calls Donald Trump's Attack on Judge 'Racist', but Still Backs Him . June 7, 2016 . . Jennifer . Steinhauer . Jennifer Steinhauer . Jonathan . Martin . Jonathan Martin (journalist) . David M. . Herszenhorn . January 13, 2018 . January 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180112173327/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/08/us/politics/paul-ryan-donald-trump-gonzalo-curiel.html . live .
  164. News: Trump: 'Both sides' to blame for Charlottesville . Merica . Dan . August 26, 2017 . . January 13, 2018 . December 19, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191219135222/https://www.cnn.com/2017/08/15/politics/trump-charlottesville-delay/index.html . live .
  165. News: Trump's "shithole countries" comment exposes the core of Trumpism . Beauchamp . Zack . January 11, 2018 . . January 11, 2018 . January 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180112161859/https://www.vox.com/2018/1/11/16880804/trump-shithole-countries-racism . live .
  166. News: Trump's 'shithole' comment denounced across the globe . January 13, 2018 . . January 12, 2018 . Aubree Eliza . Weaver . January 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180112223014/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/12/trump-shithole-comment-reaction-337926 . live .
  167. News: 'There's no other word but racist': Trump's global rebuke for 'shithole' remark . January 13, 2018 . . Patrick . Wintour . Patrick Wintour . Jason . Burke . Jason Burke . Anna . Livsey . January 13, 2018 . January 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180112224039/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/12/unkind-divisive-elitist-international-outcry-over-trumps-shithole-countries-remark . live .
  168. News: . July 14, 2019 . Katie . Rogers . Nicholas . Fandos . Nicholas Fandos . Trump Tells Congresswomen to 'Go Back' to the Countries They Came From . November 30, 2020 . January 10, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210110074019/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/14/us/politics/trump-twitter-squad-congress.html . live .
  169. News: House Votes To Condemn Trump's 'Racist Comments' . Mak . Tim . July 16, 2019 . . July 17, 2019 . August 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200809040824/https://www.npr.org/2019/07/16/742236610/condemnation-of-president-delayed-by-debate-can-lawmakers-call-trump-tweets-raci . live .
  170. News: Trump said 'many people agree' with his racist tweets. These white supremacists certainly do. . Simon . Mallory . Sidner . Sara . Sara Sidner . July 16, 2019 . . July 20, 2019 . July 19, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190719161925/https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/16/politics/white-supremacists-cheer-trump-racist-tweets-soh/index.html . live .
  171. News: 'She's telling us how to run our country': Trump again goes after Ilhan Omar's Somali roots . . September 22, 2020 . Matthew . Choi . November 30, 2020 . January 12, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210112184501/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/22/trump-attacks-ilhan-omar-420267 . live .
  172. News: Michael D. . Shear . Michael D. Shear . Eileen . Sullivan . Eileen Sullivan . 'Horseface,' 'Lowlife,' 'Fat, Ugly': How the President Demeans Women . October 16, 2018 . . August 5, 2020 . August 3, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200803143518/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/16/us/politics/trump-women-insults.html . live .
  173. News: Ritu . Prasad . How Trump talks about women – and does it matter? . November 29, 2019 . . August 5, 2020 . August 20, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200820204437/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-50563106 . live .
  174. News: Fieldstadt . Elisha . Donald Trump Consistently Made Lewd Comments on 'The Howard Stern Show' . . October 9, 2016 . November 27, 2020 . December 7, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201207015817/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/donald-trump-consistently-made-lewd-comments-howard-stern-show-n662581 . live .
  175. News: Timm . Jane C. . Trump caught on hot mic making lewd comments about women in 2005 . . October 7, 2016 . June 10, 2018 . June 8, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180608211040/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-hot-mic-when-you-re-star-you-can-do-n662116 . live .
  176. News: Donald Trump Apology Caps Day of Outrage Over Lewd Tape . October 7, 2016 . . October 8, 2016 . Burns . Alexander . Alex Burns (journalist) . Haberman . Maggie . Maggie Haberman . Martin . Jonathan . Jonathan Martin (journalist) . October 7, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161007231843/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/08/us/politics/donald-trump-women.html . live .
  177. News: Kaine on lewd Trump tapes: 'Makes me sick to my stomach' . Hagen . Lisa . October 7, 2016 . . October 8, 2016 . October 10, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161010031929/http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/299895-kaine-on-lewd-trump-tapes-makes-me-sick-to-my-stomach . live .
  178. News: Nelson . Libby . McGann . Laura . E. Jean Carroll joins at least 21 other women in publicly accusing Trump of sexual assault or misconduct . June 25, 2019 . June 21, 2019 . . June 24, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190624193537/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/6/21/18701098/trump-accusers-sexual-assault-rape-e-jean-carroll . live .
  179. News: Rupar . Aaron . Trump faces a new allegation of sexually assaulting a woman at Mar-a-Lago . April 27, 2020 . . October 9, 2019 . October 9, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191009210642/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/10/9/20906567/trump-karen-johnson-sexual-assault-mar-a-lago-barry-levine-monique-el-faizy-book . live .
  180. News: Osborne . Lucy . September 17, 2020 . 'It felt like tentacles': the women who accuse Trump of sexual misconduct . . September 28, 2020 . September 28, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200928064834/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/17/amy-dorris-donald-trump-women-who-accuse-sexual-misconduct . live .
  181. News: Donald Trump Calls Allegations by Women 'False Smears' . Healy . Patrick . Rappeport . Alan . Alan Rappeport . October 13, 2016 . . October 13, 2016 . October 13, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161013195536/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/14/us/politics/donald-trump-women.html . live .
  182. News: Trump words linked to more hate crime? Some experts think so . Kunzelman . Michael . Galvan . Astrid . August 7, 2019 . . November 30, 2020 . January 7, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210107135412/https://apnews.com/7d0949974b1648a2bb592cab1f85aa16 . live .
  183. News: Analysis | Counties that hosted a 2016 Trump rally saw a 226 percent increase in hate crimes . . Ayal . Feinberg . Regina . Branton . Valerie . Martinez-Ebers . 2020-11-30 . 2019-08-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190806134025/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/03/22/trumps-rhetoric-does-inspire-more-hate-crimes/ . live .
  184. . Rushin . Stephen . Edwards . Griffin Sims . January 14, 2018 . The Effect of President Trump's Election on Hate Crimes . 3102652.
  185. News: Donald Trump Tells Crowd To "Knock the Crap Out Of" Hecklers . White . Daniel . February 1, 2016 . . August 9, 2019 . July 27, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190727061048/https://time.com/4203094/donald-trump-hecklers/ . live .
  186. News: Trump Thinks It's Totally Cool That A Congressman Assaulted A Journalist For Asking A Question . Koerner . Claudia . October 18, 2018 . . August 9, 2019 . August 9, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190809201226/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/claudiakoerner/trump-gianforte-congressman-assault-journalist-montana . live .
  187. News: "The President of the United States Says It's Okay": The Rise of the Trump Defense . Tracy . Abigail . August 8, 2019 . . November 30, 2020 . November 24, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201124032302/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/08/donald-trump-domestic-terrorism-el-paso . live .
  188. News: Trump's "Rhetoric" Inspired This Man To Assault A 13-Year-Old For Wearing A Hat During The Anthem, His Lawyer Said . Reinstein . Julia . August 8, 2019 . . August 9, 2019 . August 9, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190809003732/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/juliareinstein/national-anthem-assault-curt-brockway-wally-trump-boy-rodeo . live .
  189. News: 'No Blame?' ABC News finds 36 cases invoking 'Trump' in connection with violence, threats, alleged assaults. . August 14, 2019 . Mike . Levine . ABC News . August 16, 2019 . August 16, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190816071717/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/blame-abc-news-finds-17-cases-invoking-trump/story?id=58912889 . live .
  190. News: Inside Donald Trump's History of Donations in Israel . . Judy . Maltz . May 9, 2017 . October 13, 2019 . December 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201225041140/https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-inside-donald-trump-s-history-of-donations-in-israel-1.5469673 . live .
  191. News: Judy . Maltz . Trump Once Helped Finance Resettlement of Israelis Evacuated From Sinai . May 4, 2017 . . November 30, 2020 . March 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210309174400/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-when-trump-helped-resettle-evacuated-israelis-1.5468499 . live .
  192. Web site: Did Donald Trump Receive an Ellis Island Award in 1986? . Dan . Evon . September 5, 2016 . . November 30, 2020 . November 7, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211107011524/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/trump-received-ellis-island-award-in-1986/ . live .
  193. News: Trump to be honored for working with youths . May 25, 1995 . . November 30, 2020 . August 9, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190809191732/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28799230/the_philadelphia_inquirer/ . live .
  194. News: Donald Trump has now been awarded five honorary doctorates – and stripped of one . May 14, 2017 . . Callum . Borchers . June 5, 2020 . May 17, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170517002303/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/05/13/trump-has-now-been-awarded-five-honorary-doctorates-and-stripped-of-one/ . live .
  195. News: Gibbs . Nancy . Nancy Gibbs . Why Donald Trump is TIME's Person of the Year . December 7, 2016 . . December 7, 2016 . December 7, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161207125620/http://time.com/time-person-of-the-year-2016-donald-trump-choice/ . live .
  196. News: Kim . Eun Kyung . Donald Trump: Mitt Romney is still in the running for secretary of state . December 7, 2016 . . December 7, 2016 . December 7, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161207154756/http://www.today.com/news/donald-trump-mitt-romney-still-running-secretary-state-t105685 . live .
  197. News: Luce . Edward . Edward Luce . FT Person of the Year: Donald Trump . December 17, 2017 . . December 12, 2016 . December 14, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171214140941/https://www.ft.com/content/b7bb61ec-c054-11e6-81c2-f57d90f6741a . live .
  198. News: The World's Most Powerful People . . December 2016 . December 14, 2016 . January 5, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180105224706/https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidewalt/2016/12/14/the-worlds-most-powerful-people-2016/ . live .
  199. News: Donald Trump awarded with Saudi Arabia's highest civilian honour within hours of landing in the country . Wilts . Alexandra . May 20, 2017 . . May 20, 2017 . May 20, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520181442/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-latest-saudi-arabia-highest-civilian-honour-king-abdulaziz-al-saud-collar-gold-a7746566.html . live .

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Public image of Donald Trump".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.