Cratera (flatworm) explained

Cratera is a genus of land planarians found in South America.

Description

The genus Cratera is characterized by having a leaf-shaped body. Most species are between 3 and 7 cm long. The hundreds of eyes distributed along the body are monolobulated, i.e., simple and circular. The copulatory apparatus has a permanent conical penis occupying the entire male cavity. The final portion of the ejaculatory duct, the channel that guides sperm through the penis, has an expanded cavity that resembles a volcanic crater. It is very similar to the related genus Obama, the main difference being the presence of trilobulated eyes in the latter.[1]

Etymology

The name Cratera is derived from the Latin word crater and refers to the cavity in the penis that resembles a volcanic crater.

Species

There are 24 species assigned to the genus Cratera:

Notes and References

  1. 10.1111/zsc.12019. Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: Proposal of taxonomic actions. Zoologica Scripta. 42. 5. 508–528. 2013. Carbayo . F. . Álvarez-Presas . M. . Olivares . C. U. T. . Marques . F. P. L. . Froehlich . E. X. M. . Riutort . M. . 85286215.
  2. Carbayo . Fernando . Almeida . Ana Laura . Anatomical deviation of male organs of land planarians from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with description of two new species of Cratera (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) . Zootaxa . 3931 . 1 . 2015 . 27–40 . 1175-5334 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.2. 25781812 .
  3. Lago-Barcia . Domingo . Carbayo . Fernando . Taxonomic revision of four species of the Neotropical land planarian genera Cratera and Geoplana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) with a description of two new species and an emendation of Cratera . Zootaxa . 4500 . 4 . 2018 . 517–542 . 1175-5334 . 10.11646/zootaxa.4500.4.3. 30486048 .
  4. Araujo . Ana Paula Goulart . Carbayo . Fernando . Riutort . Marta . Álvarez-Presas . Marta . Five new pseudocryptic land planarian species of Cratera (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) unveiled through integrative taxonomy . PeerJ . 4 September 2020 . 8 . e9726 . 2167-8359 . 10.7717/peerj.9726 . 32983634 . 7491415 . free .
  5. Leal-Zanchet . Ana . Rossi . Ilana . Three new species of Cratera Carbayo et al., 2013 from Araucaria forests with a key to species of the genus (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola) . ZooKeys . 643 . 2017 . 1–32 . 1313-2970 . 10.3897/zookeys.643.11093. 28144173 . 5242264 . free .
  6. Rossi . Ilana . Amaral . Silvana Vargas . Ribeiro . Giovana Gamino . Cauduro . Guilherme Pinto . Fick . Israel . Valiati . Victor Hugo . Leal-Zanchet . Ana Maria . Two new Geoplaninae species (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) from Southern Brazil based on an integrative taxonomic approach . Journal of Natural History . 50 . 13–14 . 2015 . 787–815 . 0022-2933 . 10.1080/00222933.2015.1084057. 86172935 .
  7. Boll . Piter Kehoma . Amaral . Silvana Vargas . Leal-Zanchet . Ana Maria . Two new land planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from protected areas in southern Brazil . Zootaxa . 4664 . 4 . 2019 . 535–550 . 1175-5334 . 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.5. 31716655 . 202857022 .
  8. Rossi . Ilana . Fontoura . Marcela . Amaral . Silvana . Leal-Zanchet . Ana M. . A new species of land flatworm (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) from areas of Araucaria> Forest in southern Brazil . Zootaxa . 3794 . 4 . 2014 . 514–524 . 1175-5334 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3794.4.2. 24870339 .
  9. Brusa . Francisco . Negrete . Lisandro . First report of the genus Cratera (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) in Argentina, with description of a new species and comments on the species of the genus . ZooKeys . 610 . 2016 . 1–12 . 1313-2970 . 10.3897/zookeys.610.9465 . 27587974 . 4992809. free .

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