Crassispira Explained

Crassispira is a genus of small predatory sea snails with narrow, high-spired shells, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Pseudomelatomidae.[1] They first appeared in the fossil record approximately 48.6 million years ago during the Eocene epoch, and still exist in the present day.[2]

Taxonomy

The small blackish "Drillias" so common in Panamic waters, of which Pleurotoma bottae Valenciennes is the type, were brought under the name of Crassispira Swainson, 1840 by W.H. Dall in 1918.[3]

Description

Most species in this genus have a tall spire and a truncated anterior canal. The ribs are overridden by spirals, forming beads or nodules. Under the subsutural keel is the sinus area which is rather smooth.[4]

The small shell is subclavate and tuberculated. The spire is thick and lengthened. The outer lip shows a slight sinus above and is thickened internally at the top and the bottom. The top of the inner lip has a thick pad. The basal channel is slightly defined.[5]

The shell is medium-sized. The aperture is moderately long and wide, scarcely contracted at the base, forming a suggestion of a siphonal canal, moderately emarginate at the base. The siphonal fasciole is slightly bulging. The body whorl is varicose near the outer lip. The anal sinus is deep and narrow. The apex is semicircular and lies some distance from the suture below thread on the anal fasciole. The base of outer lip bears a very shallow, broad sinus, or stromboid notch. The inner lip is detached. The parietal callus is thickened adjoining the anal sinus. The sculpture consists of narrow axial ribs, between which the spiral threads or grooves. The anal fasciole bears a strong spiral cord. (Based on original figures, Kiener, Coquilles vivantes, Pleurotoma, pp. 33–34, pi. 15, fig. 2, 1839.) [6]

The shell has a strong subsutural collar, a moderately narrow but strongly concave subsutural slope, strong axial ribs that do not cross the subsutural slope, and strong spiral threads between the axial ribs.[7]

Species

Species within the genus Crassispira are numerous. According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), they include:[8]

Nomen nudum:
Species brought into synonymy :

References

External links

External links

Notes and References

  1. MolluscaBase (2018). Crassispira Swainson, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224467 on 2018-04-21
  2. Web site: Crassispira . mindat.org.
  3. https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofuni541919unit W.H. Dall (1918) Notes on the nomenclature of the mollusks of the family Turritidae; Proceedings of The United States National Museum v. 54 (1918)
  4. http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/549898 De Jong K.M. & Coomans H.E. (1988) Marine gastropods from Curaçao, Aruba and Bonaire. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 261 pp.
  5. a Swainson, Treatise on malacology, p. 313.
  6. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0142f/report.pdf J. Gardner, the molluscan fauna of the alum bluff group of Florida - USGS .(1947)
  7. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp339 F.S. MacNeil (1960), Tertiary and Quaternary Gastropoda of Okinawa; Professional Paper 339; USGS
  8. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxlist WoRMS : Crassispira
  9. Kantor . Yuri I. . Stahlschmidt . Peter . Aznar-Cormano . Laetitia . Bouchet . Philippe . Puillandre . Nicolas . Too familiar to be questioned? Revisiting the Crassispira cerithina species complex (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Pseudomelatomidae) . Journal of Molluscan Studies . 83 . 1 . 2017 . 43–55 . 0260-1230 . 10.1093/mollus/eyw036. free .
  10. Le Renard (J.) & Pacaud (J.-M.), 1995 Révision des Mollusques paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. 2 - Liste des références primaires des espèces. Cossmanniana, t. 3, vol. 3, p. 65-132
  11. Cossmann (M.), 1889 - Catalogue illustré des coquilles fossiles de l'Éocène des environs de Paris (4ème fascicule). Annales de la Société royale Malacologique de Belgique, t. 24, p. 3-385
  12. Cossmann (M.), 1889 Catalogue illustré des coquilles fossiles de l'Éocène des environs de Paris (4ème fascicule). Annales de la Société royale Malacologique de Belgique, t. 24, p. 3-385
  13. Cossmann (M.), 1902 Catalogue illustré des coquilles fossiles de l'Éocène des environs de Paris (3ème appendice). Annales de la Société royale Malacologique de Belgique, t. 36, p. 9-110
  14. Cossmann (M.) & Pissarro (G.), 1913 - Iconographie complète des coquilles fossiles de l'Éocène des environs de Paris, t. 2, p. pl. 46-65
  15. Périer (S.), 1941 Contribution à l'étude du Ludien du Bassin de Paris. La faune des marnes à Pholadomya ludensis, p. 1-30
  16. Le Renard (J.) & Pacaud (J.-M.), 1995 - Révision des Mollusques paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. 2 - Liste des références primaires des espèces. Cossmanniana, t. 3, vol. 3, p. 65-132
  17. Morassi, Mauro & Antonio Bonfitto. (2013). "Four new African turriform gastropods (Mollusca: Conoidea)." Zootaxa 3710 (3): 271-280.
  18. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Allan_Ekdale/publication/233566127_Marine_Molluscs_from_Shallow-Water_Environments_0_to_60_Meters_off_the_Northeast_Yucatan_Coast_Mexico/links/54c7b9bf0cf238bb7d0b23fd/Marine-Molluscs-from-Shallow-Water-Environments-0-to-60-Meters-off-the-Northeast-Yucatan-Coast-Mexico.pdf Ekdale, Allan A. "Marine molluscs from shallow-water environments (0 to 60 meters) off the northeast Yucatán coast, Mexico." Bulletin of Marine Science 24.3 (1974): 638-668.

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