County Leitrim Explained

County Leitrim
Native Name:Irish: Contae Liatroma
Settlement Type:County
Native Name Lang:ga
Nickname:The Wild Rose County (Others)
Area Footnotes:[1]
Area Total Km2:1589
Area Rank:26th
Seat Type:County town
Seat:Carrick-on-Shannon
Blank Name Sec1:Vehicle index
mark code
Blank Info Sec1:LM
Population Total:35199
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Rank:32nd
Population As Of:2022
Population Footnotes:[2]
Leader Title:Local authority
Leader Name:Leitrim County Council
Leader Title2:Dáil constituency
Leader Name2:Sligo–Leitrim
Leader Title3:EP constituency
Leader Name3:Midlands–North-West
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:Ireland
Subdivision Type1:Province
Subdivision Name1:Connacht
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name2:Northern and Western
Timezone:WET
Utc Offset:±0
Timezone Dst:IST
Utc Offset Dst:+1
Established Title:Established
Established Date:1565–83[3]
Area Code Type:Telephone area codes
Area Code:071
Postal Code Type:Eircode routing keys
Postal Code:F91, N41
Elevation Max M:631
Elevation Max Point:Truskmore SE Cairn
Module:
Zoom:7

County Leitrim (; Irish: Contae Liatroma) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Connacht and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the village of Leitrim. Leitrim County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 35,199 according to the 2022 census.[2]

The county encompasses the historic Gaelic territory of West Breffny (Irish: Bréifne) corresponding to the northern part of the county,[4] [5] and Muintir Eolais or Conmaicne Réin, corresponding to the southern part.

Geography

Leitrim is the 26th in size of the 32 counties by area (21st of the 26 counties of the Republic) and the smallest by population.[6] It is the smallest of Connacht's five counties in both size and population. Leitrim is bordered by the counties of Donegal to the north, Fermanagh to the north-east, Cavan to the east, Longford to the south, Roscommon to the south-west and Sligo to the west. Fermanagh is in Northern Ireland while all the other neighbouring counties are within the Republic of Ireland.

Leitrim has a hilly and mountainous landscape in its northwest and is relatively flat in the southeast, each separated from the other by Lough Allen in the middle of the county. Leitrim has the shortest length of coastline of any Irish county that touches the sea. At Tullaghan, the coastline is only 4.7km (02.9miles) long.[7] The Shannon is linked to the Erne via the Shannon–Erne Waterway. Notable lakes include:

History

In ancient times Leitrim formed the western half of the Kingdom of Breifne. This region was long influenced by the O'Rourke family of Dromahair, whose heraldic lion occupies the official county shield to this day. Close ties initially existed with the O'Reilly clan in the eastern half of the kingdom, however, a split occurred in the 13th century and the kingdom was divided into East Breifne, now County Cavan, and West Breifne, now County Leitrim. The Normans invaded south Leitrim in the 13th century but were defeated at the Battle of Áth an Chip in 1270.

Much of the county was confiscated from its owners in 1620 and given to Villiers and Hamilton. Their initial objective was to plant the county with English settlers. However, this proved unsuccessful. English Deputy Sir John Perrot had ordered the legal establishment of "Leitrim County" a half-century prior, in 1565. Perrott also demarcated the current county borders around 1583.

Long ago Ireland was covered in woodland, and five great forests are traditionally said to have stood in Leitrim, with a 19th-century county survey stating- "a hundred years ago almost the whole country was one continued, undivided forest, so that from Drumshanbo to Drumkeeran, a distance of nine or ten miles, one could travel the whole way from tree to tree by branches". Many of these great forests were denuded for the making of charcoal for iron works around Sliabh an Iarainn. Working of the county's rich deposits of iron ore began in the 15th century and continued until the mid-18th century. Coal mining became prominent in the 19th century to the east of Lough Allen at Sliabh an Iarainn and also to the west in Arigna, on the Roscommon border. The last coal mine closed in July 1990 and there is now a visitor centre.[8] Sandstone was also quarried in the Glenfarne region.

Writing in 1791, the geographer Beaufort suggested the county housing population encompassed 10,026 homes with "upwards of 50,000 inhabitants", the primary agriculture being cattle production, and the growth of flax sustaining the linen industry. Leitrim was first hit by the recession caused by the mechanisation of linen weaving in the 1830s and its 155,000 residents (as of the 1841 census) were ravaged by the Great Famine and the population dropped to 112,000 by 1851. The population subsequently continued to decrease due to emigration. After many years, the wounds of such rapid population decline have finally started to heal. Agriculture improved over the last century. Leitrim now has the fastest growing population in Connacht.

The Book of Fenagh is the most famous medieval manuscript originating here. In the 19th century the poet John McDonald (of Dromod) lived in the county, and William Butler Yeats spent the turn of the twentieth century fascinated with Lough Allen and much of Leitrim. Glencar Waterfall, 11km (07miles) from Manorhamilton, inspired Yeats and is mentioned in his poem The Stolen Child.

Subdivisions

Geographically, the county is almost evenly divided along north–south lines by Lough Allen, the River Shannon and Sliabh an Iarainn. Uniquely among Irish counties, there is no way to cross from the north of the county to the south (or vice versa) by road without leaving its boundaries. North Leitrim is slightly larger than the south, comprising 51% of County Leitrim's land area. However, South Leitrim, with towns such as Carrick-on-Shannon, Ballinamore and Drumshambo, is significantly more populous, containing approximately 65% of the county's population as of 2016.[9]

Baronies

There are five historic baronies in the county. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units". They are Carrigallen, Drumahaire, Leitrim, Mohill and Rosclogher.[10]

Rural districts

Under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898, County Leitrim was divided into the rural districts of Ballyshannon No. 3 (later renamed Kinlough), Bawnboy No. 2 (later renamed Ballinamore), Carrick-on-Shannon No. 1, Manorhamilton and Mohill.[11] [12] The rural districts were abolished in 1925.[13]

Largest towns in County Leitrim

As of the 2016 census:[14]

  1. Carrick-on-Shannon*, 4,062 (A small part of Carrick-on-Shannon is in County Roscommon)
  2. Manorhamilton, 1,466
  3. Kinlough, 1,032
  4. Ballinamore, 914
  5. Drumshanbo, 902
  6. Mohill, 855
  7. Dromahair, 808
  8. Leitrim, 594
  9. Roosky*, 564 (Most of Roosky is in County Roscommon)
  10. Dromod, 555

Demographics

Local government and politics

Leitrim County Council is the local authority for the county. The county is divided into three local electoral areas, each of which is also a municipal district: Ballinamore (6 councillors), Carrick-on-Shannon (6 councillors), and Manorhamilton (6 councillors).[18] Leitrim County Council has two representatives on the Northern and Western Regional Assembly.[19]

2019 seats summary

The following were elected at the 2019 Leitrim County Council election:

PartySeats
6
6
2
4

National politics

Leitrim is part of the Dáil constituency of Sligo–Leitrim. This constituency existed from 1948 to 2007, and previously from 1923 to 1937 as Leitrim–Sligo. From 1937 to 1948, the county formed the Leitrim constituency. From 2007 until 2016, County Leitrim was divided between two constituencies: Roscommon–South Leitrim and Sligo–North Leitrim. This proved controversial, and at the 2007 general election there was no TD elected whose domicile was in the county. Sligo–Leitrim was recreated at the 2016 general election.

Transport

People

1400s

1600s

1700s

1800s

1900s

See also

References and notes

Secondary sources

Historical

External links

54.117°N -8°W

Notes and References

  1. Web site: County Profiles – Leitrim . Western Development Commission . 17 April 2024.
  2. Web site: Census Mapping – Leitrim County Council . . . 9 January 2024.
  3. Web site: The History of Leitrim. 19 June 2019. 20 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190620011057/https://www.leitrimireland.com/the-history-of-leitrim/. live.
  4. Hayward, Richard. Ulster and the City of Belfast. A Barker, 1949. p.234
  5. Shearman, Hugh. Ulster. R Hale, 1949. p.393
  6. Book: Corry, Eoghan. The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. 2005. 186–191.
  7. Web site: LEITRIM . https://web.archive.org/web/20110713203751/http://www.libraryireland.com/Atlas/Leitrim.php . 13 July 2011.
  8. http://www.goireland.com/leitrim/sliabh-an-iarainn-visitor-centre-attraction-mountains-id13291.htm Sliabh an Iarainn Visitor Centre
  9. Web site: ROI Saps Mapping Census 2016. Maynooth University. 29 April 2021. 28 April 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210428225445/https://airo.maynoothuniversity.ie/mapping-resources/airo-census-mapping/national-viewers/roi-census-2016-saps-mapping-viewer. live.
  10. Web site: Baronies of County Leitrim . Placenames Database of Ireland . . 13 December 2016 . 16 December 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171216162459/https://www.logainm.ie/en/s?txt=in%3a100018&cat=BAR . live .
  11. Book: Clancy, John Joseph. J. J. Clancy (North Dublin MP). A handbook of local government in Ireland: containing an explanatory introduction to the Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1898: together with the text of the act, the orders in Council, and the rules made thereunder relating to county council, rural district council, and guardian's elections: with an index. 424 . 1899. Sealy, Bryers and Walker. Dublin .
  12. Web site: 1926 Census: Table 9: Population, Area and Valuation of urban and rural districts and of all towns with a population of 1,500 inhabitants or over, showing particulars of town and village population and of the number of persons per 100 acres . Central Statistics Office . 28 . 12 October 2022.
  13. 1925. ifs. 5. Local Government Act 1925. 26 March 1925. 3. Abolition of rural district councils. 22 December 2021.
  14. Web site: Population and Actual and Percentage Change 2011 to 2016 by Alphabetical List of Towns, CensusYear and Statistic. May 2017. Central Statistics Office. 23 May 2017.
  15. Web site: Census - CSO - Central Statistics Office. CSO. 20 June 2019. 13 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190713033959/https://www.cso.ie/en/census/. live.
  16. http://extranet.hea.ie/index.cfm/page/news/category/134/section/details/id/105 HEA statistics 2005
  17. Web site: IDA Population information on Carrick-on-Shannon . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081113222602/https://www.idaireland.com/home/index.aspx?id=281 . 13 November 2008 .
  18. 2018 . si . 623 . County of Leitrim Local Electoral Areas and Municipal Districts Order 2018 . 19 December 2018 . 1 September 2020 . 23 November 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191123113736/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/si/623/made/en/print.
  19. 2014. si. 573. Local Government Act 1991 (Regional Assemblies) (Establishment) Order 2014. 16 December 2014. 25 February 2022.
  20. Web site: Locomotives - County Leitrim - The Cavan and Leitrim Railway. Home. 20 May 2019. 20 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190620075540/https://cavanandleitrim.wixsite.com/home. live.
  21. Book: Grossman, Stefan. Deluxe Anthology of O'Carolan Music for Fingerstyle Guitar. Mel Bay Publications, Incorporated. 2016. 9781609740153. 4. English.