County of Coimbra explained

The County of Coimbra (Portuguese: Condado de Coimbra) was a political entity consisting of the lands of Coimbra, Viseu, Lamego and Santa Maria da Feira, in modern Portugal.

During the Visigothic era (from the 5th to the early 8th century), the County of Coimbra, with its seat in Coimbra (Emínio), was created by king Wittiza (c. 687 – probably 710) as a sub-county of his dominion, established as a fief for his son Ardabast (Artabasdus), who became Count of the Christians of Coimbra.[1]

The first Muslim campaigns that occupied the Iberian Peninsula occurred between 711 and 715, with Coimbra capitulating to Musa bin Nusair in 714. Under Moorish domain, the city of Coimbra (Qulumriyah) maintained an autonomous christian community, with a line of so called Christian Counts of Coimbra.[2]

The County appears within the Kingdom of Asturias following the reconquest of the region, when the lands were granted to Hermenegildo Gutiérrez,[3] [4] who over the next four decades was largely responsible for the resettlement of the depopulated province. He and his immediate successors were counts,[5] and held Coimbra, but were not explicitly counts of Coimbra, although they are sometimes referred to as such retrospectively.

The first nobleman specifically to be called count of Coimbra was Gonzalo Muñoz,[6] who was probably a scion of the family of Hermenegildo. Becoming count around 959, he was one of the most powerful noblemen in the western part of the kingdom until he rose in rebellion against King Bermudo II of León and was probably killed during the region's subjugation. The degree to which his successors were alienated from their monarch can be seen when, following the region's recapture in 987 by the Moors of Al-Mansur, Gonzalo's sons joined that general in his sack of Santiago de Compostela in 997.[7] [8]

The city of Coimbra was permanently secured by the Christians in 1064, having been taken by the troops of King Ferdinand I of León, led by the mozarab Sisnando Davides who would then be named its count.[9] [10] [11] [12]

It ceased to be an independent political entity when it was incorporated in the territory of the Second County of Portugal at the time of the latter's restoration in 1096 under Henry of Burgundy, and subsequently formed part of the newly founded Kingdom of Portugal under Henry's son, Afonso I.

List of counts

Christian Counts of Coimbra[13]
Early holders of Coimbra who were counts
Counts of Coimbra, first creation
Counts of Coimbra, second creation

See also

Notes and References

  1. García Moreno . Luis A. . 2008 . Prosopography, Nomenclature, and Royal Succession in the Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo . Journal of Late Antiquity . 153.
  2. Book: Corte-Real, António Moniz Barreto . Bellezas de Coimbra by António Moniz Barreto Corte-Real . 1831 . Real Imprensa da Universidade . Coimbra . 1.
  3. Mattoso, José (1981). A nobreza medieval portuguesa, a família e o poder . Lisbon: Editorial Estampa, p. 115, OCLC 8242615
  4. Web site: OF PORTUGAL, Hermengildo Gutierrez b. Abt 842 Portugal d. Aft May 912: Laidman families worldwide . 2024-06-17 . laidman.one-name.net.
  5. Web site: Árvore genealógica de Gutierre (Guterre) MENENDEZ (Duc de COIMBRA), Conde de CELANOVA, De Galicie . 2024-06-17 . Geneanet . pt.
  6. Web site: Árvore genealógica de Gonzalo MUÑOZ,Conde de Coimbra, De Coimbra . 2024-06-17 . Geneanet . pt.
  7. Castellanos Gómez, Juan (2002). Geoestrategia en la España musulmana: las campañas militares de Almanzor. Ministerio de Defensa. p. 127, ISBN 9788478239672
  8. Web site: FamilySearch.org . 2024-06-17 . ancestors.familysearch.org.
  9. [Ramón Menéndez Pidal|Menéndez Pidal, Ramón]
  10. Morujão . Maria do Rosário Barbosa . 2006 . The Coimbra See and its Chancery in Medieval Times . E-JPH . 4 . 2 . 2.
  11. Gonçalves . Pedro Alexandre . 2020 . As relações entre o Mosteiro de São Salvador da Vacariça, as elites regionais e os concilia do condado de Coimbra (século XI) . Governar a cidade na Europa medieval, 2020, ISBN 978-972-9040-19-1, págs. 367-382 . Instituto de Estudos Medievais. Universidade Nova de Lisboa . 367–382 . 978-972-9040-19-1.
  12. Alarcão . Jorge de . 2021 . Coimbra e sua região no tempo de D. Sesnando . Portugalia: Revista de Arqueologia do Departamento de Ciências e Técnicas do Património da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto . 42 . 159–173 . 10.21747/09714290/port42a8 . 0871-4290. free .
  13. Rei, António (2014). "Os Condes de Coímbra no século VIII Ascendências e Descendências". Armas e Troféus. IX Série (Tomo XVI): 295–312.
  14. Book: Nobiliario de los reinos y señoríos de España . By Francisco Piferrer . 1857.
  15. Web site: 2023-10-28 . Flavio Sisebuto, conde de Coimbra . 2024-06-18 . geni_family_tree . en-US.
  16. Book: Historia de la muy Ilustre Casa de Sousa . 1770.
  17. Web site: 2023-04-08 . Flávio Alarico "Atanarico" de Coimbra . 2024-06-18 . geni_family_tree . en-US.
  18. Web site: 2022-04-27 . Conde Don Flávio Teodósio Soares de Coimbra, Conde de Coimbra . 2024-06-18 . geni_family_tree . en-US.
  19. Web site: Árvore genealógica de Flávio Teodósio Soares de Coimbra Thiodo . 2024-06-18 . Geneanet . pt.
  20. Web site: Family tree of Conde y Duque de la Tudesia Hermenegildo Gutierrez . 2024-06-17 . Geneanet . en.
  21. Web site: Manuel Abranches de Soveral - Os Ribadouro . 2024-06-17 . www.soveral.info.
  22. Web site: MENENDEZ, Gutierre b. Abt 875 Portugal d. Abt 924: Laidman families worldwide . 2024-06-17 . laidman.one-name.net.
  23. Web site: Family tree of Conde de Celanova Gutierre Menéndez . 2024-06-17 . Geneanet . en.
  24. Web site: Family tree of Munio Gutiérrez . 2024-06-17 . Geneanet . en.

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