Synods held at Troyes explained

There have been a number of councils held at Troyes:

Council of 867

The council was held on orders of Pope Nicholas I, to deal with Hincmar of Reims and his quarrels.^[1] The decrees were signed on 2 November 867.^[2] The Council ruled that no bishop could be deposed from his See without the consent of the Pope.^[3]

Bishops present

• Hincmar, Archbishop of Reims
• Herard, Bishop of Tours
• Wenilo, Bishop of Rouen
• Frotarius, Bishop of Bordeaux
• Hegilo, Bishop of Sens
• irizarri, Bishop of Bourges
• Rothadus, Bishop of Soissons
• Actardus, Bishop of Nantes
• Hildegarius, Bishop of Meaux
• Aeneas, Bishop of Paris
• Hincmar, Bishop of Laon
• Gislibertus, Bishop of Chartres
• Ercanraus, Bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne
• Ercambertus, Bishop of Bayeux
• Odo, Bishop of
• Folcricus, Bishop of St.-Paul-trois-Châteaux
• Livido, Bishop of Autun
• Ioannes, Bishop of Cambrai
• Hilduinus, Bishop of Évreux
• Abbo, Bishop of Nevers

Council of 878 (Second Council of Troyes)

• 878 Second Council of Troyes^[4]
  • Pope John VIII proclaimed that no bishop could be deposed without reference to the Holy See

Bishops present

• John, Bishop of Rome
• Walbertus, Bishop of Porto
• Petrus, Bishop of Forum Sempronii (Fossombrone)
• Pascasius, Bishop
• Hincmar, Archbishop of Reims
• Ansegisus, Archbishop of Sens
• Aurelianus, Archbishop of Lyon
• Sigebodus, Archbishop of Narbonne
• Rostagnus, Archbishop of Arles
• Adalardus, Archbishop of Tours
• Teudericus Archbishop of Besançon
• Ottramnus, Archbishop of Vienne
• Isaac, Bishop of Langres
• Gerboldus, Bishop of Châlons-sur-Saône
• Agilmarus, Bishop of Clermont (Arvernensis)
• Bernerus, Bishop of Grenoble
• Abbo, Bishop of Nevers
• Ottulfus, Bishop of Tréguier
• Gislebertus, Bishop of Chartres
• Walefridus, Bishop of Uzés
• Hildebaldus, Bishop of Soissons
• Teutherus, Bishop of Gerona
• Ingelwinus, Bishop of Paris
• Edenulfus, Bishop of Laon
• Adebertus, Bishop of Senlis
• Berno, Bishop of Chalons
• Maricus, Bishop of Béziers
• Ecfridus, Bishop of Poitiers
• Abbo, Bishop of Maguelonne
• Frodoinus, Bishop of Barcelona
• Arnaldus, Bishop of Toul

Council of 1078

Summoned By Archbishop Hugues de Die and the Abbot of Cluny.^[5]

Council of 1104

Convened by Cardinal Richard, Bishop of Albano, Papal Legate^[6]

Council of 1107

Convened on 23 May 1107 by Pope Paschal II personally. Rothard, Bishop of Mainz, was suspended from office because he had dared to reconcile a schismatic bishop, Udo of Hildesheim, to the Church.^[7]

Bishops attending

No complete list survives. Some bishops who probably attended can be discovered in surviving documents:

• Pope Paschal II
• Cardinal Richard, Bishop of Albano
• Aldo, Bishop of Piacenza
• Odo, Bishop of Cambrai
• Leodegarus, Bishop of Bourges
• Girard, Bishop of Angoulême
• ldebertus, Bishop of Le Mans
• Ioannes, Bishop of Thérouanne
• Gotofridus, Bishop of Amiens
• Galo, Bishop of Paris
• Lambertus, Bishop of Arras

Council of 1129

See main article: Council of Troyes (1129).

• 1129 - convened by Bernard of Clairvaux:
  • recognized and confirmed the Order of the Knights Templar
  • solved disputes involving the Bishop of Paris

Bibliography

• Book: Ben-Ami, Aharon . Social Change in a Hostile Environment: The Crusaders' Kingdom of Jerusalem . Princeton University Press . 1969 .
• Book: Barber, Malcolm. The New Knighthood: A History of the Order of the Temple. 1995. Cambridge University Press. 0521420415 .
• Book: Hefele. Charles Joseph. Histoire des conciles Tome IV, deuxième partie. 1911. Letouzey. Paris. 666–678. (tr. H. Leclercq)
• Book: Hefele. Charles Joseph. Histoire des conciles Tome V. 1870. Letouzey. Paris. 528–550. (tr. H. Leclercq)[Council of Troyes, 867]
• Book: Lalore, Charles. Les synodes du diocèse de Troyes. 1867. E. Caffé. Troyes. French.
• Book: Read, Piers Paul . The Templars . Da Capo Press . 1999 . 9780306814969 .
• Book: Sirmond, Jacques. Concilia antiqua Galliae tres in tomos ordine digesta. Cum epistolis pontificum, principum constitutionibus, & aliis Gallicanae rei ecclesiasticae monimentis. Quorum plurima vel integra, vel magna ex parte, nunc primum in lucem exeunt. Opera & studio Iacobi Sirmondi Societatis Iesu presbyteri. Tomus 1. [-3.]. 1629. Sebastien Cramoisy. Paris. Latin.

Notes and References

1. Book: Louis Moréri. Goujet. Le Grand dictionnaire historique ou le Mélange curieux de l'histoire sacrée et profane... par Mre Louis Moreri,... 1759. chez les libraires associés. Paris. French. 366. Sirmond, III, p. 353-604.
2. Sirmond, III, p. 358.
3. Lee. Guy Carleton. Hincmar: An Introduction to the study of the Revolution in the Organization of the Church in the Ninth Century. Papers of the American Society of Church History. 1897. 8. 231-260, at 257-260. 10.1017/S1079902800001078. 2027/uc1.b3502016. 2016-09-22. free.
4. Sirmond, III, pp. 473-496; the subscriptions of the bishops is at pp. 479-480.
5. Book: Louis Ellies Dupin. Daniel Penningen. Nouvelle bibliotheque des auteurs ecclesiastiques. Tome VIII. 1697. Pralard. Paris. 61.
6. Book: Bernard Monod. Essai sur les rapports de Pascal II. avec Philippe Ier (1099-1108). 1907. H. Champion. Paris. French. 39–42.
7. Book: Uta-Renate Blumenthal. The Early Councils of Pope Paschal II, 1100-1110. 1978. Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. Toronto. 978-0-88844-043-3. Chapter 3: The Council of Troyes, 23 May 1107., and pp. 34-35.