Cotton Eye Joe (Rednex song) explained

Cotton Eye Joe
Cover:RednexCottonEyeJoeCDSingleCover.jpg
Type:single
Artist:Rednex
Album:Sex & Violins
Released:12 August 1994
Genre:
Length:3:14
Label:
Producer:Pat Reiniz
Next Title:Old Pop in an Oak
Next Year:1995

"Cotton Eye Joe" is a song by Swedish Eurodance group Rednex, released in August 1994 by Jive and Zomba as the first single from their debut studio album, Sex & Violins (1995). Based on the traditional American folk song "Cotton-Eyed Joe", it combines the group's style with traditional American instruments such as banjos[5] and fiddles. The song was written by Janne Ericsson, Örjan Öban Öberg and Pat Reiniz, and produced by Reiniz. The vocal verses are performed by Annika Ljungberg, while the "Cotton Eye Joe" chorus is sung by Göran Danielsson, who never appears in the music video for the song, directed by Stefan Berg. It was a number one hit in at least eleven countries, and reached numbers 25 and 23 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and Cash Box Top 100. In 2002, "Cotton Eye Joe" was remixed in a new dance version, and was released on Rednex's first greatest hits album, The Best of the West (2002).

Composition

"Cotton Eye Joe" is based on the old traditional country folk song "Cotton Eyed Joe" and opens with the chorus sung by the male singer. Almost a minute into the song, the female singer performs the first of two vocal verses. It runs for 3 minutes and 14 seconds. The tempo is 132BPM, with a time signature of 4/4. The key is A minor.[6] In the 2002 book, Move Your Body (2 The 90s): Unlimited Eurodance, writer Juha Soininen states that the song "broke the euro mould by letting a man sing the refrain while a woman sang the middle part."[7]

Chart performance

The Rednex version of the song (using "Eye" instead of "Eyed"), along with a dance-mix version, was very successful in Europe, where it remained at number one in Norway for 15 weeks, Switzerland for 13 weeks, Germany for 10 weeks, Sweden for 8 weeks, Austria for 7 weeks, and for 3 weeks on the UK Singles Chart. In the latter, the single reached the top spot in its fifth week on the chart, on 8 January 1995.[8] Additionally, it also peaked at number one in Belgium, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands and Scotland, as well as on the Eurochart Hot 100. In Ireland, it peaked at number two in January 1995. In Oceania, it topped the New Zealand Singles Chart for 6 consecutive weeks. In Australia it peaked at number eight in April 1995. In the US, it peaked in April/May 1995 at number 25 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 23 on the Cash Box Top 100.

"Cotton Eye Joe" was awarded with a gold record in Australia (35,000), the Netherlands (50,000) and the US (500,000). It also received a platinum record in Austria (50,000), New Zealand (10,000), Sweden (50,000), Switzerland (50,000) and the UK (650,000), and a 2× platinum record in Germany (1 million) and Norway.

Critical reception

Johnny Loftus from AllMusic named "Cotton Eye Joe" a "backwater Euro-dance novelty".[9] Larry Flick from Billboard described it as "country hoedown fiddling sewn into a raucous pop/rave dance beat", noting that the song has "cheeky rap poking stereotypical fun at Southerners".[10] J.D. Considine from The Daily Gazette called it "the piece de resistance, a track so infernally catchy that you almost don't notice how screamingly funny it is."[11] Jim Farber from Daily News complimented the band for managing "to crack the pop singles chart at a time when even country stars who sell millions of albums can't make hay on the pop song list."[12] David Browne from Entertainment Weekly commented, "For sheer audaciousness, it's not surprising that the record is garnering such attention. Where else can you hear a barn-dance staple gone techno, complete with dance-diva wailing and manic banjos and fiddles?"[13] Tom Ewing of Freaky Trigger said that "Cotton Eye Joe” work "on that basic, energetic, ass-moving level", adding that "the hollering diva interludes actually change things up a little, though that decades-old hook is solid enough to stand on its own."[14] Dave Sholin from the Gavin Report noted that "this group from Sweden puts a techno spin on a square dance staple", stating that its "fresh, unique approach makes 'Cotton Eye Joe' so hot."[15] A reviewer from Knoxville News Sentinel described it as "techno-hoedown".[16] In his weekly UK chart commentary, James Masterton deemed it "a massive party smash no matter where you are".[17]

Howard Cohen from The Miami Herald wrote that "every decade has its novelty song", adding that "it deserves credit for its gumption, at least."[18] Pan-European magazine Music & Media said "it takes three to set a trend: the Grid's "Swamp Thing", the Two Cowboys' "Everybody Gonfi-Gon" and Bravado's 'Harmonica Man'. Rednex are the next modern barn dance act."[19] A reviewer from Music Week gave it five out of five, describing it as "Europop meets country in an irritatingly catchy tune", that is "guaranteed to pack the dance floors at party time and a cast iron cert of a hit."[20] John Kilgo from The Network Forty complimented "Cotton Eye Joe" as a "outright winner", stating that "this novelty track is not only catchy and fun, but uptempo as well."[21] Stuart Bailie from NME wrote, "A fantastic western dance (and if you haven't thrown shapes to this at The Broken Spoke in Austin, well, you've missed out, mate) is given the full-on techno treatment, like that cowboy outfit The Grid have done already this year. Maybe another novelty turn, but fun with it."[22] Neil Spencer from The Observer viewed it as "an initially amusing joke".[23] James Hamilton from the Record Mirror Dance Update declared it a "happily galloping Swedish disco hoedown with square dance caller, fiddle and banjo".[24] Chuck Campbell from Scripps Howard News Service felt it "has the same novelty appeal" as "I'm Too Sexy", "but in addition to the aggressive dance rhythm and offbeat vocals, the Rednex song also features an impossibly high-voiced woman and manic fiddle and banjo."[25]

Music video

The accompanying music video for "Cotton Eye Joe" was directed by Swedish director Stefan Berg. It won the prize for the best Swedish dance video at the 1995 Swedish Dance Music Awards.[26] The video features the band performing in a barn during a hoedown where the guests did activities such as dancing, playing and splashing in old wild west baths, and riding a mechanical bull. Several signs can be seen in the barn, with inscriptions like "Horses outside", "No bath!" and "No sex allowed". The video ends with a short fast-motion clip of a girl riding the mechanical bull. Göran Danielsson, who sings the "Cotton Eye Joe" chorus, never appears in the video. It received heavy rotation on MTV Europe[27] and was A-listed on Germany's VIVA.[28] In the US, the video generated massive reaction on its first week on The Box.[29] "Cotton Eye Joe" was later made available on Rednex's official YouTube channel in 2013, and had generated more than 196 million views as of December 2022.[30]

Impact and legacy

MTV Dance ranked "Cotton Eye Joe" number 51 in their list of "The 100 Biggest 90's Dance Anthems of All Time" in November 2011.[31] BuzzFeed ranked it number 97 in their list of "The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s" in 2017.[32] Paste magazine ranked the song number 17 in "The 60 Best Dancefloor Classics" list in 2017.[33] ThoughtCo ranked it number 92 in their list of "The Top 100 Best Party Songs of All Time" in 2018, adding, "What happens when you combine folk, techno, and bluegrass music? It goes something like this hit".[34] [35] Billboard magazine ranked "Cotton Eye Joe" number 49 in their list of "The 100 Greatest Jock Jams of All Time" in February 2024, writing, "A dangerously stomping Eurocountry reinvention of a 150-plus-year-old folk song, and one of the most demented crossover hits of the ’90s."[36]

2001 BDO World Champion John Walton uses this as his walk-on music. "Cotton Eye Joe" was frequently played for a segment called "Coin Quest" in the Adult Swim television series FishCenter Live.[37] [38] Jimmy Fallon sang a soft rock-style version of this song on his eponymous late-night talk show as part of the Musical Genre Challenge. In 2021, the Ontario Hockey League team the Guelph Storm stopped using the song during games after consultation with local groups alleging the song has racist origins.[39] The song is played in the viral video "Evolution of Dance".

On August 12, 2023, "Cotton Eye Joe" interrupted a tiebreaker during a Canadian Open match between Iga Świątek and Jessica Pegula. The point was replayed. The song could later be heard playing over the loudspeakers after Pegula went on to defeat Swiatek in three sets.[40]

Track listings

  1. "Cotton Eye Joe" (original single version) – 3:14
  2. "Cotton Eye Joe" (Madcow Mix) – 4:46
  3. "Cotton Eye Joe" (Madcow Instrumental) – 4:46
  4. "Cotton Eye Joe" (Overworked Mix) – 6:20
  5. "Cotton Eye Joe" (Original Instrumental) – 3:08
  1. "Cotton Eye Joe 2002" – 3:33
  2. "Cotton Eye Joe 2002" (Dance Nation Remix) – 7:32
  3. "Cotton Eye Joe 2002" (Aquagen Remix) – 7:45
  4. "Ride the Hurricane's Eye" (Winnetoons version) – 3:02
  5. "Cotton Eye Joe 2002" (extended version) – 5:56

Charts

Weekly charts

Chart (1994–1995)Peak
position
Denmark (Tracklisten)[41] 1
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)[42] 1
Europe (European Dance Radio)[43] 3
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[44] 1
Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40)[45] 22
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[46] 1
Scotland (OCC)[47] 1
Spain (AFYVE)[48] --access-date=26 January 2011--> 8
UK Dance (OCC)[49] 3
UK Club Chart (Music Week)[50] 25
UK on a Pop Tip Club Chart (Music Week)[51] 14
US Cash Box Top 100[52] 23
Zimbabwe (ZIMA)[53] 3

Year-end charts

Chart (1994)Position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[55] 7
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[56] 7
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)[57] 21
Germany (Official German Charts)[58] 4
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)9
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[59] 9
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[60] 1
UK Singles (OCC)[61] 45
Chart (1995)Position
Australia (ARIA)[62] 34
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[63] 10
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[64] 66
Canada Dance/Urban (RPM)[65] 13
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)[66] 11
France (SNEP)[67] 50
Germany (Official German Charts)[68] 13
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[69] 5
Norway (VG-lista) (Winter Period)[70] 9
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[71] 10
UK Singles (OCC)[72] 16
US Billboard Hot 100[73] 93

Decade-end charts

Chart (1990–1999)Position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[74] 14
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[75] 24
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[76] 98

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Rednex – Sex & Violins . Johnny . Loftus . . . 16 February 2014 . 27 September 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160927100532/http://www.allmusic.com/album/sex-violins-mw0000628212 . live .
  2. Book: Inventory: 16 Films Featuring Manic Pixie Dream Girls, 10 Great Songs Nearly Ruined by Saxophone, and 100 More Obsessively Specific Pop-Culture Lists . The A.V. Club . The A.V. Club . . 978-1-4165-9473-4 . 2009 . 23 September 2016 . 21 December 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161221022724/https://books.google.com/books?id=QnEImgsqBbAC&pg=RA1-PT426 . live .
  3. News: Larry . Flick . Dominic . Pride . Will U.S. Fans Dance To Jive's Rednex Fiddling ? . 0006-2510 . 117 . . . 18 February 1995 . 2 October 2020 . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211209170804/https://books.google.com/books?id=wgsEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22feature+country%22&pg=PA117 . live .
  4. Web site: Ewing . Tom . Rednex - "Cotton Eyed Joe" . Freaky Trigger . 12 September 2019 . 7 May 2013 . 12 August 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200812205821/http://freakytrigger.co.uk/popular/2013/05/rednex-cotton-eye-joe/?comment-page-all#comments . live .
  5. Web site: Cotton Eye Joe – Rednex . tralala.gr . 31 March 2014 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120625145253/http://www.tralala.gr/specials/a-songs-odyssey/item/32461-cotton-eye-joe-rednex-song-history . 25 June 2012 .
  6. Web site: BPM and key for Cotton Eye Joe by Rednex . songbpm.com . 14 May 2021 . 14 May 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210514121300/https://songbpm.com/@rednex/cotton-eye-joe-8cf693e8-8a34-4e50-ad79-c3ffbfd71498 . live .
  7. Book: Soininen, Juha . Move Your Body (2 The 90's): Unlimited Eurodance . BoD - Books on Demand . 26 August 2020 . 279 . 9789528026303 . 14 May 2021 . 14 May 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210514131800/https://books.google.com/books?id=_WD5DwAAQBAJ . live .
  8. Web site: Official Singles Chart Top 100 08 January 1995 - 14 January 1995. Official Charts Company. 15 September 2020. 30 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201030140645/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/19950108/7501/. live.
  9. Web site: Johnny . Loftus . Rednex – Sex & Violins . . 8 November 2020 . 14 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201014141927/https://www.allmusic.com/album/sex-violins-mw0000628212 . live .
  10. Single Reviews: New & Noteworthy. Larry. Flick. Billboard. 18 February 1995. 3 February 2020. 67. Larry Flick.
  11. Record Releases: 'Sex & Violins' Rednex. J.D.. Considine. The Daily Gazette. 11 June 1995. 14 March 2020. J.D. Considine.
  12. Farber, Jim (15 May 1995). "A Little Bit Country & a Lot Swedish". p. 28. Daily News.
  13. David . Browne . Sex & Violins . . 26 May 1995 . 11 November 2020 . David Browne (journalist) . 12 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201112195034/https://ew.com/article/1995/05/26/sex-violins/ . live .
  14. Web site: Rednex – "Cotton Eye Joe". Tom. Ewing. Freaky Trigger. 7 May 2013. 6 March 2020. 16 February 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200216034229/http://freakytrigger.co.uk/popular/2013/05/rednex-cotton-eye-joe/#more-24663. live.
  15. Dave . Sholin . Gavin Picks > Singles . . 2040 . 3 February 1995 . 54 . 16 April 2018 .
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  17. Web site: Masterton. James. Week Ending January 14th 1995. Chart Watch UK. 8 January 1995. 23 September 2021. James Masterton. 16 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210916191031/https://chart-watch.uk/archives/1995/week-ending-january-14th-1995. live.
  18. Cohen, Howard (31 May 1995). "Rednex album OK as a novelty, but music annoys after a while". p. 2E. The Miami Herald.
  19. New Releases: Singles. Music & Media. 11. 33. 13 August 1994. 6. 26 February 2018.
  20. Reviews: Singles . . 26 November 1994 . 21 . 22 April 2021 . 22 April 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210422113512/https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1994/Music-Week-1994-11-26.pdf . live .
  21. Mainstream: Music Meeting. John. Kilgo. The Network Forty. 27 January 1995. 20. 2 April 2020. 9 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211209170806/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Archive-Network-40/95/Network-40-1995-01-27.pdf. live.
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  23. [Neil Spencer|Spencer, Neil]
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  25. Campbell, Chuck (18 May 1995). "Sex & Violins, Rednex". p. 4. Kenosha News.
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  27. Station Reports > MTV Europe/London. Music & Media. 11. 49. 3 December 1994. 18. 20 December 2022.
  28. Station Reports > VIVA TV/Cologne. Music & Media. 11. 45. 5 November 1994. 26. 20 December 2022.
  29. Gavin Top 40: Record To Watch. Gavin Report. 24 February 1995. 12. 20 January 2023.
  30. Web site: Rednex - Cotton Eye Joe (Official Music Video) [HD] - RednexMusic com]. YouTube. 27 August 2020. 30 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200830055413/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mOYZaiDZ7BM. live.
  31. [MTV Dance]
  32. Web site: Matt . Stopera . Brian . Galindo . The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s . . 11 March 2017 . 31 March 2020 . 30 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200630021654/https://www.buzzfeed.com/mjs538/jump-to-the-rhythm-jump-jump-to-the-rhythm-jump . live .
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  34. Web site: The Top 100 Best Party Songs of All Time. ThoughtCo. 10 September 2018. 6 October 2018. 6 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181006075351/https://www.thoughtco.com/top-best-party-songs-of-all-time-3248355. live.
  35. Web site: Lamb, Bill. The Top 100 Best Party Songs of All Time. About.com. 22 May 2019. 7 April 2020. 20 May 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200520175505/https://www.liveabout.com/top-best-party-songs-of-all-time-3248355. live.
  36. Billboard Staff. The 100 Greatest Jock Jams of All Time. Billboard. 8 February 2024. 25 May 2024.
  37. Web site: Kopcow. Chris. Adult Swim's 'FishCenter': A Beginner's Guide. Vulture. Vox Media. 29 May 2015. 28 November 2017. 16 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190216094134/https://www.vulture.com/2015/05/adult-swims-fishcenter-a-beginners-guide.html. live.
  38. Web site: Adult Swim's 'FishCenter': A Beginner's Guide - Splitsider . 9 March 2020 . 31 August 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150831031731/http://splitsider.com/2015/05/adult-swims-fishcenter-a-beginners-guide/ . live .
  39. News: Balintec. Vanessa. December 9, 2021. OHL's Guelph Storm changes iconic mascot tune after confronting its racist roots. CBC. 9 December 2021. 9 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211209170809/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/guelph-storm-mascot-1.6276453. live.
  40. Web site: Canadian Open: Iga Swiatek-Jessica Pegula match interrupted by 'Cotton-Eye Joe'. Yahoo!. August 12, 2023. August 13, 2023.
  41. Book: Billboard October 29, 1994. Billboard. 1 December 2010. 59. 29 October 1994. 9 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211209170807/https://books.google.com/books?id=YQgEAAAAMBAJ&q=Billboard+%22denmark%22+%22ifpi%2Fnielsen%22+1994&pg=PA59. live.
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