Cornelius Karlstrøm (2 March 1897 - 19 September 1978) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He was born in Talvik.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Finnmark in 1950, but was not re-elected in 1954. Instead he served in the position of deputy representative during the term 1954 - 1957.
Karlstrøm was a member of Talvik municipality council from 1931 to 1940 and 1945 to 1955, serving as mayor in the periods 1945 - 1947 and 1947 - 1951.