Coordinatograph Explained

A coordinatograph is an instrument which mechanically plots X and Y coordinates onto a surface, such as in compiling maps^[1] or in plotting control points such as in electronic circuit design.

One historic application of a coordinatograph was a machine that precisely placed and cut rubylith to create photomasks for early integrated circuits including some of the earliest generations of the modern PC microprocessor.^[2] The coordinatograph produced layout would then be photographically reduced 100:1 to create the production photomask.^[3]

See also

• Cartography
• Cartometry
• Photolithography
• Etching (microfabrication)
• Design for manufacturability
• Semiconductor device fabrication

References

1. Book: Maling. D. H.. Measurements from Maps: Principles and Methods of Cartometry. 160–161. 2013. Elsevier. 978-0-08-030290-4. 7 January 2015.
2. Volk. Andrew. Stoll. Peter. Metrovich. Paul. Chao. Lin. Recollections of Early Chip Development at Intel. Intel Technology Journal. 2001. Q1, 2001. 10–11. 7 January 2015. The first chips at Intel used a machine called a “Coordinatograph” to guide cutting of the [rubylith]..
3. Book: From Vacuum Tubes to Nanotubes: An Amazing Half Century: The Emergence of Electronic Circuit Technology 1957-2007 . IPC . 2007 . Martel . Michael L. . Bergman . Dieter . 113 . (Semiconductor die patterns were usually produced at 100:1 using a scribe-coat coordinatograph where the coating was peeled away to leave the represented IC Pattern). . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150107123723/http://anniversary.ipc.org/pdfs/HistoryBook_web.pdf . 2015-01-07 .

External links

• https://www.cnet.com/news/intels-accidental-revolution states rubylith was used on the Intel 4004.
• http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Coordinatograph defines a coordinatograph in general terms.
• IEEE describes a modern version of the coordinatograph.