Conservation Techniques for Cultural Properties explained

In 1975 the Japanese government added a new chapter to the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties (1950) to provide for "traditional techniques or craftsmanship that are indispensable to the preservation of cultural property and for which preservation measures shall be taken". Preservation techniques are selected in relation to both tangible and intangible cultural properties and a holder or preservation body is recognized for each technique.[1] [2] [3]

In support of the, the government provides funding for and conducts programmes relating to documentation, training, development, promotion and public education. Recognition is thus made and measures taken to combat some of the most serious conservation issues, namely the lack of specialist craftsmen, the loss of knowledge of traditional techniques, and the availability of suitable tools and materials. These issues are of particular relevance in Japan due to the sophistication and inherent susceptibility of much of its art and architecture.[2] [3]

The list below is compiled from the database of cultural properties maintained by the Agency for Cultural Affairs, with translations, glosses and listed holders (as of 2004) following those published by the Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO (ACCU).[4] [5]

Selected Conservation Techniques

Tangible Cultural Properties

43 techniques

NameRemarksHolderYearPicture
[6] [7] Individual (Akio Kobayashi, b. 1921) 1988
[8] [9] lit. "measuring with a carpenter's square" Individual (Takeo Mochida, b. 1931) 1993
[10] In particular for projecting eaves; developed since the twelfth century Individual (Takeo Mochida, b. 1931) 1991
[11] [12] Individual (Mayoshio Yokoya, b. 1931) 2002
[13] [14] [15] Gold-embossed wallpaper, used in western-style buildings of the Meiji to Shōwa periods; cf. kinkarakawa or 'leather wallpaper' Individual 2005
[16] [17] Individual (Tadashi Suzuki, b. 1936) 1999
[18] Individual (Yushuhiro Wada, b. 1932) 1999
[19] Individual (Masami Ozawa, b. 1953) 1998
[20] Individual (Haruo Sato, b. 1924) 2001
[21] [22] Individual (Isokichi Okui, b. 1919) 1998
[23] [24] Individual (Kenichi Kitamura, b. 1938) 1994
[25] Individual (Sōtaro Kanae, b. 1908) 1977
[26] Individual 1929
[27] Individual 2005
[28] [29] Individual (Yoshiharu Ishizuka, b. 1922) 1998
[30] Individual (Shūichi Otani, b. 1933) 1999
[31] [32] Individual (Kenkichi Senda, b. 1942) 1999
[33] Individual (Yūichi Maeda, b. 1927) 1980
[34] [35] [36] [37] For kakemono etc. Individual 2007
[38] [39] Individual 1958
[40] Individual (Hiroyuki Hukunishi, b. 1930) 1978
[41] Individual 2009
[42] Individual 2007
[43] Individual (Genjirō Hujii, b. 1920) 1998
[44] [45] Individual 1995
[46] Individual (Yoshio Mori, b. 1941) 1996
[47] Individual (Hiroshi Sakurai, b. 1950) 1997
[48] Individual (Yutaka Ono, b. 1934) 1999
[49] [50] Individual 1998 (Yasunosuke Morimoto, b. 1928)
[51] [52] Joint (Kiyokazu Yamamoto, b. 1932; Mitsuo Teramoto, b. 1946; group also) 1994
[53] [54] Joint (Ryōzō Sumida, b. 1926; National Organization for Conservation of Roofing Techniques for Temples and Shrines) 1980
[55] Joint (Shoji Matsuura, b. 1929; Association of Conservation Techniques for Cultural Property Buildings) 1976
[56] [57] [58] cf. shake roofing Joint (Yasuo Onishi, b. 1925; National Organization for Conservation of Roofing Techniques for Temples and Shrines) 1976
[59] 1979
[60] Group (Association of Conservation Techniques for Cultural Property Buildings) 1976
[61] Group 2007
[62] Group 2002
[63] [64] Group (Association of Holders of Festival Floats Production and Repair Techniques 2002
[65] Group (Federation of National Treasure Framers and Restorers) 1995
[66] Group 1978
[67] [68] Group 2009
[69] Group 2002
[70] Group (Bijutsu-in (Art Institute) 1976

Intangible Cultural Properties

31 techniques

NameRemarksHolderYearPicture
[71] Individual (Toshikazu Kamoji, b. 1938) 2003
[72] Individual (Yasuhiko Hukuda, b. 1926; Zenichi Yamada, b. 1934) 1976
[73] Individual (Akira Kihara, b. 1935; Katsuhiko Watanabe, b. 1939) 1977
[74] Individual 2008
[75] Individual (Asatarō Higashi, b. 1921) 1994
[76] Individual (Kurōbei Murata, b. 1915) 1987
[77] Individual (Seiji Izumi, b. 1950) 1998
[78] Individual (Humitoshi Nakahata, b. 1943) 1995
[79] Individual (Takao Konbu, b. 1951) 1999
[80] Individual (Tawaichi Nishimura, b. 1937) 2003
[81] ramie used in kasuri resist-dyeing Individual (Masakado Yahata, b. 1938) 2003
[82] Individual (Satoyuki Suzuki, b. 1936) 1995
[83] Individual (Yukihiko Kimura, b. 1929) 1976
[84] Individual (Hōju Hayashi, b. 1929) 1978
[85] Individual 2006
[86] Individual (Shōji Nagoshi, b. 1930) 2002
[87] Individual (Hiroyuki Ozasa, b. 1924) 1979
[88] Individual (Junichi Hasegawa, b. 1933) 1999
[89] Joint (Seishō Inowa, b. 1927; Organization for Conserving Ryūkyū Indigo Production Techniques) 1977
[90] Group (Shōwa-mura Karamushi Production Techniques Conservation Association) 1991
[91] Group (Organization for Conserving Awa Indigo Production Techniques) 1978
[92] Group (Association for Conservation of Kabuki Stage Costume Production and Restoration) 2002
[93] Group (Organization for Conserving Kabuki Stage Properties Production Techniques) 1996
[94] Group (Organization for Conserving Kabuki Stage Set Production Techniques) 2002
[95] tamahagane Group (Japanese Association for Conserving Art Swords) 1977
[96] Group (National Organization for Conserving Production Techniques of Tools for Traditional Paper Making) 1976
[97] Group (Japanese Association for Conserving Ethnic Craft Techniques) 1979
[98] Group 2009
[99] Group (Miyako Organization for Conserving Bunmi Techniques) 2003
[100] Group (Japanese Association of Lacquer for Cultural Properties; Japanese Organization for Conserving Lacquer Gathering Techniques) 1976
[101] Group (Kino-honcho Town Organization for Conserving Production of Strings for Japanese Traditional Musical Instruments; Asai-cho Town Organization for Conserving Production of Strings for Japanese Traditional Musical Instruments) 1991

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties (1950, last amendment 2007) . . 2 May 2011.
  2. Web site: Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Properties . . 41 . 2 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110523235255/http://www.bunka.go.jp/english/pdf/h21_chapter_06.pdf . 23 May 2011 . dead .
  3. Book: Architectural Preservation in Japan . Larsen, Knut Einar . ICOMOS International Wood Committee . 1994 . 40f . 82-519-1432-9.
  4. Web site: Database of Cultural Properties . Agency for Cultural Affairs . 16 February 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120222235539/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bsys/index_pc.asp . 22 February 2012 . dead .
  5. Web site: 2004 Workshop on Inventory-making for Intangible Cultural Heritage Management . Asia/Pacific Centre for UNESCO (ACCU) . 200–203 . 16 February 2012.
  6. Web site: 屋根瓦製作 (鬼師) . . 16 February 2012.
  7. Web site: Onigawara . . 4 May 2011.
  8. Web site: 規矩術 (近世規矩) . . 16 February 2012.
  9. Web site: Kiku . . 4 May 2011.
  10. Web site: 規矩術 (古式規矩) . . 16 February 2012.
  11. Web site: 金具鍛冶 . . 16 February 2012.
  12. Web site: Kanagu . . 4 May 2011.
  13. Web site: 金唐紙製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  14. Web site: Kinkarakami . Takashi Ueda (Bearer of Technique) . 4 May 2011.
  15. Web site: Kinkarakawa . . 4 May 2011.
  16. Web site: 建具製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  17. Web site: Tategu . . 4 May 2011.
  18. Web site: 建造物模型製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  19. Web site: 甲冑修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  20. Web site: 左官 (古式京壁) . . 16 February 2012.
  21. Web site: 左官 (漆喰塗) . . 16 February 2012.
  22. Web site: Clay walls . . 4 May 2011.
  23. Web site: 漆工品修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  24. Book: Urushi: Proceedings of the Urushi Study Group, June 10-27, 1985, Tokyo . Bromelle, N. S. . Smith, Perry . The Preservation and Handing Down of Traditional Urushi Art Techniques in Japan . Yagihashi, Shin . . 1988 . 0-89236-096-8 . 85f.
  25. Web site: 上代飾金具製作修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  26. Web site: 畳製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  27. Web site: 石盤葺 . . 16 February 2012.
  28. Web site: 竹釘製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  29. Web site: Takekugi . . 4 May 2011.
  30. Web site: 鋳物製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  31. Web site: 唐紙製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  32. Web site: Karakami . . 4 May 2011.
  33. Web site: 美術工芸品保存桐箱製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  34. Web site: 表具用古代裂 (金襴等) 製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  35. Web site: Hyougu . . 4 May 2011.
  36. Web site: Kinran . . 4 May 2011.
  37. Book: Japanese Scroll Paintings: A Handbook of Mounting Techniques . Koyano, Masako . . 1979 . 978-0-933098-01-5.
  38. Web site: 表具用刷毛製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  39. Web site: Hake . . 4 May 2011.
  40. Web site: 表具用手漉和紙 (宇陀紙) 製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  41. Web site: 表具用手漉和紙 (美栖紙) 製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  42. Web site: 表具用手漉和紙 (補修紙) 製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  43. Web site: 表具用打刷毛製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  44. Web site: 表装建具製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  45. Web site: Hyousou . . 4 May 2011.
  46. Web site: 本藍染 . . 16 February 2012.
  47. Web site: 木工品修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  48. Web site: 檜皮採取 . . 16 February 2012.
  49. Web site: 錺金具製作 . . 16 February 2012.
  50. Web site: Kazarikanagu . . 4 May 2011.
  51. Web site: 屋根瓦葺 (本瓦葺) . . 16 February 2012.
  52. Web site: Hongawarabuki . . 4 May 2011.
  53. Web site: 茅葺 . . 16 February 2012.
  54. Web site: Kayabuki . . 4 May 2011.
  55. Web site: 建造物木工 . . 16 February 2012.
  56. Web site: 檜皮葺・柿葺 . . 16 February 2012.
  57. Web site: Hiwadabuki . . 4 May 2011.
  58. Web site: Kokerabuki . . 4 May 2011.
  59. Web site: 建造物彩色 . . 16 February 2012.
  60. Web site: 建造物修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  61. Web site: 建造物装飾 . . 16 February 2012.
  62. Web site: 左官 (日本壁) . . 16 February 2012.
  63. Web site: 祭屋台等製作修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  64. Web site: Dashi . . 4 May 2011.
  65. Web site: 装こう修理技術 . . 16 February 2012.
  66. Web site: 浮世絵木版画技術 . . 16 February 2012.
  67. Web site: 文化財石垣保存技術 . . 16 February 2012.
  68. Web site: Ishigaki . . 4 May 2011.
  69. Web site: 文化財庭園保存技術 . . 16 February 2012.
  70. Web site: 木造彫刻修理 . . 16 February 2012.
  71. Web site: 歌舞伎床山 . . 15 February 2012.
  72. Web site: 雅楽管楽器製作修理 . . 15 February 2012.
  73. Web site: 玉鋼製造 (たたら吹き) . . 15 February 2012.
  74. Web site: 結髪 (沖縄伝統芸能) . . 15 February 2012.
  75. Web site: 研炭製造 . . 15 February 2012.
  76. Web site: 蒔絵筆製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  77. Web site: 漆刷毛製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  78. Web site: 漆掻き用具製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  79. Web site: 漆濾紙 (吉野紙) 製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  80. Web site: 手機製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  81. Web site: 粗苧製造 . . 15 February 2012.
  82. Web site: 能楽小鼓 (胴・革) 製作修理 . . 15 February 2012.
  83. Web site: 能楽大鼓 (革) 製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  84. Web site: 能管製作修理 . . 15 February 2012.
  85. Web site: 琵琶製作修理 . . 15 February 2012.
  86. Web site: 文楽人形鬘・床山 . . 15 February 2012.
  87. Web site: 邦楽器糸製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  88. Web site: 杼製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  89. Web site: 琉球藍製造 . . 15 February 2012.
  90. Web site: からむし (苧麻) 生産・苧引き . . 15 February 2012.
  91. Web site: 阿波藍製造 . . 15 February 2012.
  92. Web site: 歌舞伎衣裳製作修理 . . 15 February 2012.
  93. Web site: 歌舞伎小道具製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  94. Web site: 歌舞伎大道具 (背景画) 製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  95. Web site: 玉鋼製造 . . 15 February 2012.
  96. Web site: 手漉和紙用具製作 . . 15 February 2012.
  97. Web site: 植物染料 (紅・紫根) 生産・製造 . . 15 February 2012.
  98. Web site: 組踊道具・衣裳製作修理 . . 15 February 2012.
  99. Web site: 苧麻糸手績み . . 15 February 2012.
  100. Web site: 日本産漆生産・精製 . . 15 February 2012.
  101. Web site: 邦楽器原糸製造 . . 15 February 2012.

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