Coniochaeta Explained
The Coniochaeta are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order Coniochaetales and are pathogens of trees.[1] Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not actually harm the organism.[2] They can take the form of pink to brown colonies, hyphae, conidiophores or sclerotia. In 2013, the Lecythophora were merged with the Coniochaeta, following suggestions by Ziauddin Khan et al.[3]
Ecology
The Coniochaeta have been described as typically associated with wood, water, and soil.[4] [5] However, there is also growing evidence of specialised associations between each species and specific environments, and a suggestion that 4-spored and 8-spored species interact differently with their environments, some species surviving forest fires, which activate their sexual cycle.[6]
Medical Issues
Other members of the Coniochaeta, most commonly Coniochaeta polymorpha, can cause clinical infections in immunocompromised individuals,[3] which has increased recent interest in the genus.
Species
As accepted by Species Fungorum;[7]
- Coniochaeta acaciae
- Coniochaeta africana
- Coniochaeta albidomucosa
- Coniochaeta alkalivirens
- Coniochaeta angustispora
- Coniochaeta arctispora
- Coniochaeta arenariae
- Coniochaeta areolatirubra
- Coniochaeta arxii
- Coniochaeta baysunika
- Coniochaeta boothii
- Coniochaeta burtii
- Coniochaeta caffra
- Coniochaeta calligoni
- Coniochaeta caryotae
- Coniochaeta cateniformis
- Coniochaeta cephalothecoides
- Coniochaeta cipronana
- Coniochaeta coluteae
- Coniochaeta cruciata
- Coniochaeta cymbiformispora
- Coniochaeta cypraeispora
- Coniochaeta dakotensis
- Coniochaeta deborreae
- Coniochaeta decumbens
- Coniochaeta dendrobiicola
- Coniochaeta detonsa
- Coniochaeta discoidea
- Coniochaeta discospora
- Coniochaeta dumosa
- Coniochaeta elegans
- Coniochaeta ellipsoidea
- Coniochaeta emodensis
- Coniochaeta endophytica
- Coniochaeta euphorbiae
- Coniochaeta extramundana
- Coniochaeta fasciculata
- Coniochaeta fibrosae
- Coniochaeta fodinicola
- Coniochaeta geophila
- Coniochaeta gigantospora
- Coniochaeta gymnosporiae
- Coniochaeta haloxyli
- Coniochaeta hansenii
- Coniochaeta hericium
- Coniochaeta hoffmannii
- Coniochaeta iranica
- Coniochaeta krabiensis
- Coniochaeta leucoplaca
- Coniochaeta ligniaria
- Coniochaeta lignicola
- Coniochaeta lutea
- Coniochaeta luteorubra
- Coniochaeta luteoviridis
- Coniochaeta magniquadrispora
- Coniochaeta malacotricha
- Coniochaeta marina
- Coniochaeta microspora
- Coniochaeta mirabilis
- Coniochaeta mongoliae
- Coniochaeta montana
- Coniochaeta multispora
- Coniochaeta mutabilis
- Coniochaeta myricariae
- Coniochaeta navarrae
- Coniochaeta nepalica
- Coniochaeta niesslii
- Coniochaeta nigerrima
- Coniochaeta nivea
- Coniochaeta nuciformis
- Coniochaeta ornata
- Coniochaeta ostrea
- Coniochaeta ovata
- Coniochaeta palaoa
- Coniochaeta parasitica
- Coniochaeta perangusta
- Coniochaeta phalacrocarpa
- Coniochaeta philocoproides
- Coniochaeta pilifera
- Coniochaeta polymegasperma
- Coniochaeta polymorpha
- Coniochaeta polysperma
- Coniochaeta proteae
- Coniochaeta prunicola
- Coniochaeta pulveracea
- Coniochaeta punctulata
- Coniochaeta renispora
- Coniochaeta rhopalochaeta
- Coniochaeta rosae
- Coniochaeta saccardoi
- Coniochaeta salicifolia
- Coniochaeta sarothamni
- Coniochaeta savoryi
- Coniochaeta scatigena
- Coniochaeta simbalensis
- Coniochaeta sinensis
- Coniochaeta sordaria
- Coniochaeta sphaeroidea
- Coniochaeta subcorticalis
- Coniochaeta taeniospora
- Coniochaeta tetraspora
- Coniochaeta tilakii
- Coniochaeta trivialis
- Coniochaeta vagans
- Coniochaeta velutina
- Coniochaeta velutinosa
- Coniochaeta verticillata
- Coniochaeta vineae
- Coniochaeta williamsii
- Coniochaeta xinjiangensis
- Coniochaeta xylariispora
Former species;[7]
- C. brassicae = Cladorrhinum olerum, Podosporaceae family
- C. calva = Lasiosphaeria calva, Lasiosphaeriaceae
- C. canina = Lecythophora canina, Coniochaetaceae
- C. capillifera = Hypocopra capillifera, Xylariaceae
- C. elaeidicola = Stilbohypoxylon elaeidicola, Xylariaceae
- C. ershadii = Coniolariella ershadii, Xylariaceae
- C. hypoxylina = Stilbohypoxylon hypoxylinum, Xylariaceae
- C. gamsii = Coniolariella limonispora, Xylariaceae
- C. nodulisporioides = Coniocessia nodulisporioides, Coniocessiaceae
- C. obliquata = Rosellinia obliquata, Xylariaceae
- C. pilosella = Capronia pilosella, Herpotrichiellaceae
- C. polyspora = Sordaria polyspora, Sordariaceae
- C. queenslandiae = Rosellinia queenslandiae, Xylariaceae
- C. sanguinolenta = Helminthosphaeria sanguinolenta, Helminthosphaeriaceae
Notes and References
- Damm. U. Fourie. PH. Crous. PW. Coniochaeta (Lecythophora), Collophora gen. nov. and Phaeomoniella species associated with wood necroses of Prunus trees. Persoonia. June 2010. 24. 60–80. 20664761. 10.3767/003158510x500705. 2890157.
- Harrington. A. Olmo-Ruiz. M. U'Ren. J. Garcia. K. Pignatta. D. Wespe. N. Sandberg. D. Huang. Y. Hoffman. M. Arnold. A. Coniochaeta endophytica sp. nov., a foliar endophyte associated with healthy photosynthetic tissue of Platycladus orientalis (Cupressaceae). Plant and Fungal Systematics. July 2019. 64. 1. 65-79. 10.2478/pfs-2019-0008. free.
- Khan . Ziauddin . Gené . J . Ahmad . S . Cano . J . Al-Sweih . N . Joseph . L . Chandy . R . Guarro . J . Aug 2013 . Coniochaeta polymorpha, a new species from endotracheal aspirate of a preterm neonate, and transfer of Lecythophora species to Coniochaeta . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek . 104 . 2. 243–52 . 10.1007/s10482-013-9943-z . 23748934 .
- Weber . E . 2002 . The Lecythophora-Coniochaeta complex I. Morphological studies on Lecythophora species isolated from Picea abies . Nova Hedwigia . 74 . 159–185 . 10.1127/0029-5035/2002/0074-0159.
- Weber E, Go¨rke C, Begerow D (2002) The Lecythophora/Coniochaeta complex II. Molecular studies based on sequences of the large subunit of ribosomal DNA. NovaHedwigia 74:187–200
- Coniochaeta extramundana, with a Synopsis of Other Coniochaeta Species. D. P. Mahoney and J. S. LaFavreMycologia Vol. 73, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 1981), pp. 931-952
- Web site: Coniochaeta - Search Page . www.speciesfungorum.org . Species Fungorum . 21 January 2023.
