Cominella Explained

Cominella is a genus of carnivorous sea snails, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Description

Cominella is a genus of medium-sized buccinoid marine snails.^{[4] [5]} All species are carnivores.^{[6] [7]}

Distribution

Many extant species are endemic to coastal waters off of New Zealand and Australia (including Norfolk Island). There is a rich fossil record in New Zealand.^[8] Species are common within the intertidal and subtidal zone.^[9]

Evolution

Cominella is currently classified within the family Buccinidae, although it has also been classified within the alternative families Buccinulidae and Cominellidae.^[1]

Ancestors of Cominella species in Australia likely migrated from New Zealand via long-distance egg rafting, despite taxa exhibiting direct development.^[1] Cominella is closely related to the genus Pareuthria.^[1]

Species

Species and subspecies (indented) in the genus Cominella include:^[9]

• Cominella accuminata (Hutton, 1885)
• Cominella acutinodosa (Reeve, 1846)
• Cominella adspersa (Bruguière, 1789)
• Cominella alertae (Dell, 1956)
• † Cominella altispira (Marwick, 1948)
• † Cominella bauckei (Marwick, 1928)
• Cominella cantuariensis (Dell, 1951)
• † Cominella chattonensis (Finlay, 1926)
• † Cominella chorista (Dell, 1952)
• † Cominella cingulata (Hutton, 1885)
• † Cominella compacta (Marwick, 1926)
• † Cominella crassinodosa (Marwick, 1931)
• † Cominella denselirata (Finlay, 1926)
• † Cominella dingleyi (Marwick, 1948)
• Cominella eburnea (Reeve, 1846)
• Cominella elegantula elegantula (Powell, 1946)
  • Cominella elegantula marlboroughensis (Powell, 1946)
• † Cominella ellisoni (Marwick, 1928)
• † Cominella excoriata (Finlay, 1926)
  • Cominella excoriata tolagaensis (Ponder, 1968)
• † Cominella exsculpta (Suter, 1917)
• † Cominella facinerosa (Bartrum & Powell, 1928)
• Cominella glandiformis (Reeve, 1847)
• † Cominella graemei (Wells, 1986)
• Cominella griseicalx Willan, 1978
• † Cominella hamiltoni (Hutton, 1885)
• † Cominella hendersoni (Marwick, 1926)
• † Cominella incisa (Hutton, 1885)
• † Cominella intermedia (Suter, 1917)
• † Cominella kereruensis (Laws, 1932)
• Cominella lineolata (Lamarck, 1809)
• Cominella maculosa (Martyn, 1784)
• † Cominella marshalli (Laws, 1932)
• Cominella mirabilis mirabilis (Powell, 1929)
  • Cominella mirabilis canturiensis (Dell, 1951)
  • Cominella mirabilis powelli (Fleming, 1948)
• † Cominella nana (Finlay, 1926)
• Cominella nassoides nassoides (Reeve, 1846)
  • Cominella nassoides consobrina (Powell, 1933)
  • Cominella nassoides haroldi (Powell, 1946)
  • Cominella nassoides irdalei (Finlay, 1928)
  • Cominella nassoides nodicincta (Martens, 1878)
  • Cominella nassoides otakauica (Powell, 1946)
• Cominella necopinata (Finlay, 1930)
• Cominella norfolkensis (Iredale, 1940)
• †Cominella obsoleta (Finlay, 1926)
• Cominella olsoni (Dell, 1956)
• † Cominella onokeana (L. C. King, 1933)
• Cominella otagoensis (Finlay, 1927)
• Cominella powelli (Fleming, 1948)
• † Cominella praecox (Finlay, 1926)
• † Cominella propinqua (Finlay, 1926)
• † Cominella pukeuriensis (Finlay, 1926)
• † Cominella pulchra (Suter, 1917)
• † Cominella purchasi (Suter, 1917)
• † Cominella putangirua (King, 1933)
• Cominella quoyana (A. Adams, 1854)
• Cominella regalis (Willian, 1977)
• † Cominella ridicula (Finlay, 1926)
• † Cominella scirrifer (Laws, 1933)
• Cominella tasmanica (Tenison Woods, 1878)
• Cominella testudinea (Bruguière, 1789)
• Cominella tolagaensis (Ponder, 1968)
• † Cominella tuturewa (Fleming, 1943)
• Cominella virgata (A. Adams, 1853)^[10]

Species brought into synonymy:

• Cominella accuminata (Hutton, 1893): synonym of Cominella quoyana accuminata (Hutton, 1893)
• Cominella acutispira (Sowerby, 1821): synonym of Nucella dubia (Krauss, 1848)
• Cominella albolirata (Tenison Woods, 1879): synonym of Haustrum vinosum (Lamarck, 1822)
• Cominella alfredensis (Bartsch, 1915): synonym of Afrocominella capensis simoniana (Petit de la Saussaye, 1852)
• Cominella angusta (G. B. Sowerby III, 1886): synonym of Clathranachis angusta (G. B. Sowerby III, 1886)
• Cominella bouveti (Thiele, 1912): synonym of Notoficula bouveti (Thiele, 1912)
• Cominella capensis (Dunker in Philippi, 1844): synonym of Afrocominella capensis (Dunker, 1844)
• Cominella cincta (Röding, 1798): synonym of Burnupena cincta (Röding, 1798)
• Cominella densesculpta (Martens, 1885): synonym of Chlanidota densesculpta (Martens, 1885)
• Cominella dunkeri (Kobelt, 1878): synonym of Burnupena cincta cincta (Röding, 1798)
• Cominella eburneum [sic]: synonym of Cominella eburnea (Reeve, 1846)
• Cominella elongata (Dunker, 1857): synonym of Afrocominella capensis (Dunker in Philippi, 1844)
• Cominella euthriaformis (Powell, 1929): synonym of Cominella quoyana (A. Adams, 1855)
• Cominella filicea (Crosse & Fischer, 1864): synonym of Cominella eburnea var. filicea (Crosse & Fischer, 1864): synonym of Cominella eburnea (Reeve, 1846)
• Cominella fortilirata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1913): synonym of Aulacofusus periscelidus (Dall, 1891)
• † Cominella fueguensis (Ihering, 1907): synonym of † Austrocominella fueguensis (Ihering, 1907)
• Cominella fuscopicta (Turton, 1932): synonym of Vaughtia fenestrata (Gould, 1860)
• Cominella glandiforme [sic]: synonym of Cominella glandiformis (Reeve, 1847)
• Cominella haroldi (Powell, 1946): synonym of Cominella nassoides haroldi (Powell, 1946)
• Cominella koperbergi (K. Martin, 1933): synonym of Buccinaria jonkeri (Koperberg, 1931)
• Cominella maculata (Gray, 1835): synonym of Cominella adspersa (Bruguière, 1789)
• Cominella marlboroughensis (Powell, 1946): synonym of Cominella elegantula (Finlay, 1926)
• Cominella necopinata (Finlay, 1930)
• Cominella nodicincta (Martens, 1878): synonym of Cominella (Eucominia) nassoides nodicincta (Martens, 1878) represented as Cominella nassoides nodicincta (Martens, 1878)
• Cominella porcata (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Cominella cincta (Röding, 1798): synonym of Burnupena cincta (Röding, 1798)
• Cominella prolongata (E. A. Smith, 1899): synonym of Fusinus ocelliferus (Lamarck, 1816)
• Cominella puncturata (G.B. Sowerby III, 1886): synonym of Vaughtia fenestrata (Gould, 1860)
• Cominella retifera (K. Martin, 1933): synonym of Buccinaria jonkeri (Koperberg, 1931)
• Cominella semisulcata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1892): synonym of Burnupena cincta cincta (Röding, 1798)
• Cominella subrostrata (W. Wood, 1828): synonym of Nicema subrostrata (W. Wood, 1828)
• Cominella sulcata (G.B. Sowerby III, 1892): synonym of Maorimorpha sulcata (Sowerby III, 1892)
• Cominella translucida (Turton, 1932): synonym of Burnupena pubescens (Küster, 1858)
• Cominella turtoni (Bartsch, 1915): synonym of Afrocominella turtoni (Bartsch, 1915)
• Cominella unifasciata (G.B. Sowerby III, 1886): synonym of Nucella castanea (Küster, 1886)
• Cominella vestita (Martens, 1878): synonym of Chlanidota vestita (Martens, 1878)

Further reading

• Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
• Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp.
• Walton, K., Marshall, B. A., Phillips, N. E., Verry, A. J. F., & Ritchey, P. A. (2019). Phylogeography of the New Zealand whelks Cominella maculosa and C. virgata (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Buccinoidea: Buccinidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 126: 178-202

External links

• Revised descriptions of New Zealand Cenozoic Mollusca from Beu and Maxwell (1990)
• Checklist of the Recent Mollusca Recorded from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone

Notes and References

1. 10.1111/bij.12529 . Phylogeography of the whelk genus Cominella (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) suggests long-distance counter-current dispersal of a direct developer . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society . 115 . 2 . 315–332 . 2015 . Donald . Kirsten M. . Winter . David J. . Ashcroft . Anna L. . Spencer . Hamish G. . free .
2. 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.06.018 . 28669812 . A phylogeny of Southern Hemisphere whelks (Gastropoda: Buccinulidae) and concordance with the fossil record . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 114 . 2017 . 367–381 . 2017 . Vaux . Felix . Hills . Simon F.K. . Marshall . Bruce A. . Trewick . Steven A. . Morgan-Richards . Mary .
3. Bouchet, P. (2011). Cominella Gray, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196902 on 2011-04-19
4. 10.1080/00288330.2017.1340899 . Genetic connectivity among populations of two congeneric direct-developing whelks varies across spatial scales . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research . 52 . 1 . 100–117 . 2018 . Fleming . Angela M. . Dohner . Melanie . Phillips . Nicole E. . Ritchie . Peter A. . 90774557 .
5. 10.1093/biolinnean/blx167 . Fine-scale genetic structure across a New Zealand disjunction for the direct-developing intertidal whelk Cominella maculosa (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 123 . 2 . 593–602 . 2018 . Dohner . Melanie . Phillips . Nicole E. . Ritchie . Peter A. .
6. Willan, R.C., de C. Cook, S., Spencer, H.G., Creese, R.G., O’Shea, S., Jackson, G.D. Phylum Mollusca. In: de C. Cook, S.C. (eds.), New Zealand Coastal Marine Invertebrates 1, 401 – 405. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand
7. 10.1093/biolinnean/bly142 . Genetic structure and shell shape variation within a rocky shore whelk suggest both diverging and constraining selection with gene flow . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 125 . 4 . 827–843 . 2018 . Gemmell . Michael R. . Trewick . Steven A. . Crampton . James S. . Vaux . Felix . Hills . Simon F.K. . Daly . Elizabeth E. . Marshall . Bruce A. . Beu . Alan G. . Morgan-Richards . Mary . free .
8. Beu, A.G. and Maxwell, P.A. 1990. Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin, 58.
9. [Arthur William Baden Powell|Powell A. W. B.]
10. 10.1093/biolinnean/bly174 . Phylogeography of the New Zealand whelks Cominella maculosa and C. virgata (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Buccinoidea: Buccinidae) . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society . 126 . 1 . 178–202 . 2019 . Walton . Kerry . Marshall . Bruce A. . Phillips . Nicole E. . Verry . Alexander J.F. . Ritchie . Peter A. .