Colombo crime family explained

Colombo crime family
Founder:Joe Profaci
Named After:Joseph Colombo
Founding Location:New York City, New York, United States
Years Active:1928present
Territory:Primarily New York City, with additional territory in Long Island, North Jersey, Massachusetts, South Florida, Las Vegas and Los Angeles[1]
Ethnicity:Italians as "made men" and other ethnicities as associates
Membership Est:112 made members and 500 associates (2004)[2]
Activities:Arms trafficking, arson, assault, battery, bribery, burglary, cigarette smuggling, chop shop, conspiracy, contract killing, counterfeiting, drug trafficking, extortion, fencing, fraud, illegal gambling, larceny, loansharking, money laundering, murder, pornography, prostitution, racketeering, robbery, skimming, theft, truck hijacking, and tax evasion[3]
Allies:
Rivals:Various gangs in New York City, including their allies

The Colombo crime family (pronounced as /it/) is an Italian-American Mafia crime family and the youngest of the "Five Families" that dominate organized crime activities in New York City within the criminal organization known as the American Mafia. It was during Lucky Luciano's organization of the American Mafia after the Castellammarese War, following the assassinations of "Joe the Boss" Masseria and Salvatore Maranzano, that the gang run by Joseph Profaci became recognized as the Profaci crime family.

The family traces its roots to a bootlegging gang formed by Profaci in 1928. Profaci would rule his family without interruption or challenge until the late 1950s.[4] [5] The family has been torn by three internal wars. The first war took place during the late 1950s, when caporegime Joe Gallo revolted against Profaci, but that conflict lost momentum in the early 1960s when Gallo was arrested and Profaci died of cancer. The family was reunited in the early 1960s under Joseph Colombo. In 1971, the second family war began after Gallo's release from prison and the shooting of Colombo. Colombo supporters led by Carmine Persico won the second war after the exiling of the remaining Gallo crew to the Genovese family in 1975. The family would then enjoy over 15 years of peace under Persico and his string of acting bosses.

In 1991, the third and bloodiest war erupted when acting boss Victor Orena tried to seize power from the imprisoned Persico. The family split into factions, loyal to Orena and to Persico, and two years of mayhem ensued. It ended in 1993, with 12 members of the family dead and Orena imprisoned, leaving Persico the winner. Left with a family decimated by war, Persico continued to run the family until his death in prison in 2019, but the organization has never recovered.[6] In the 2000s, the family was further weakened by multiple convictions in federal racketeering cases and numerous members becoming government witnesses. Many law enforcement agencies believe the Colombo crime family to be the weakest of the Five Families of New York City as of 2011.[7]

History

Origins

In September 1921, Joseph Profaci arrived in New York City from Villabate, Sicily, Italy. After struggling in Chicago with his businesses, Profaci moved back to Brooklyn in 1925 and became a well-known olive oil importer. On September 27, Profaci obtained his American citizenship. With his olive-oil-importing business doing well, Profaci made deals with friends from his old town in Sicily, and one of his largest buyers was Tampa mobster Ignazio Italiano.

Profaci controlled a small criminal gang that operated mainly in Brooklyn. The dominant Cosa Nostra groups in Brooklyn were led by Frankie Yale, Giuseppe Masseria, Nicolo Schirò and capo di tutti capi Salvatore "Toto" D'Aquila.

On July 1, 1928, Yale was murdered by Chicago Outfit boss Al Capone's hit-men.[8] Capone murdered Yale because Yale refused to give Capone, a Neapolitan, control over the Unione Siciliana fraternal association.[9] Yale's murder allowed Profaci and his brother in-law Joseph Magliocco to gain territory for their small gang, including territory in Bensonhurst, Bay Ridge, Red Hook and Carroll Gardens, while the rest of Yale's group went to the Masseria family.

On October 10, 1928, D'Aquila was murdered, resulting in a fight for D'Aquila's territory. To prevent a gang war in Brooklyn, a Mafia meeting was called on December 5, 1928, at the Statler Hotel in Cleveland, Ohio. The site was chosen because it was neutral territory outside New York under Porrello crime family control and protection. The main topic was dividing D'Aquila's territory. Attendees representing Brooklyn included Profaci, Magliocco, Vincent Mangano (who reported to D'Aquila family boss Manfredi Mineo), Joseph Bonanno (who represented Salvatore Maranzano and the Castellammarese Clan), Chicago mobsters Joseph Guinta and Pasquale Lolordo, and Tampa mobster Ignazio Italiano. At the end of the meeting, Profaci received a share of D'Aquila's Brooklyn territory, with Magliocco as his second-in-command.

The Castellammarese War

See main article: Castellammarese War. Months after the D'Aquila murder, Joe Masseria began a campaign to become capo di tutti capi ('boss of bosses') in the United States, demanding tribute from the remaining three Mafia groups in New York City, which included the Reina family, the Castellammarese Clan and the Profaci family.[10] Castellammarese Clan boss Salvatore Maranzano began his own campaign to become 'boss of bosses', which started the Castellammarese War.

Masseria, along with his ally Alfred Manfredi, the new boss of the D'Aquila family ordered the murder of Gaetano Reina. Masseria believed that Reina was going to support Maranzano in his fight to become the new 'boss of bosses'. On February 26, 1930, Gaetano Reina was murdered and Masseria appointed Joseph Pinzolo as the new boss of the Reina family. During the war Profaci remained neutral, while he secretly supported Maranzano.

The Castellammarese War ended when Charles "Lucky" Luciano, a Masseria lieutenant, betrayed him to Maranzano by setting up the murder of Masseria on April 15, 1931.[10] Maranzano then declared himself the new capo di tutti capi in the United States.

Within a few months, Maranzano and Luciano were plotting to kill each other. On September 10, 1931, Luciano had Maranzano killed. Rather than claim the title of capo di tutti capi, Luciano instead created the Mafia Commission. Now there would be five independent Cosa Nostra families in New York City and twenty one additional families across the United States that were regulated by a supreme Commission in New York. Profaci and Magliocco were confirmed as boss and underboss, respectively, of what was now known as the Profaci crime family.[10]

First Family War (1960–1963)

Joseph Profaci had become a wealthy Mafia boss and was known as "the olive-oil and tomato paste king of America".[11] One of Profaci's most unpopular demands was a $25 monthly tribute from every soldier in his family. In the late 1950s, capo Frank "Frankie Shots" Abbatemarco became a problem for Joe Profaci. Abbatemarco controlled a lucrative policy game that earned him nearly $2.5 million a year with an average of $7,000 a day in Red Hook, Brooklyn.[12] In early 1959, Abbatemarco, with the support of Gallo brothers and the Garfield Boys, began refusing to pay tribute to Profaci.[12]

By late 1959, Abbatemarco's debt had grown to $50,000 and Profaci allegedly ordered Joe Gallo to murder Abbatemarco. However, other versions of the story indicate that Gallo played no part in this murder.[12] In return for Abbatemarco's murder, Profaci allegedly agreed to give the Gallos control over Abbatemarco's policy game.[13]

On November 4, 1959, Frank Abbatemarco walked out of his cousin's bar in Park Slope, Brooklyn and was shot and killed by Joseph Gioielli and another hitman.[12] [14] Profaci then ordered the Gallos to hand over Abbatemaro's son Anthony. The Gallos refused and Profaci refused to give them the policy game. This was the start of the first family war.[12] The Gallo brothers and the Garfield boys (led by Carmine Persico) were aligned against Profaci and his loyalists.

On February 27, 1961, the Gallos kidnapped four of Profaci's top men: underboss Magliocco, Frank Profaci (Joe Profaci's brother), capo Salvatore Musacchia and soldier John Scimone. Profaci himself eluded capture and flew to sanctuary in Florida. While holding the hostages, Larry and Albert Gallo sent Joe Gallo to California. Profaci's consigliere Charles "the Sidge" LoCicero negotiated with the Gallos and all the hostages were released peacefully.[15]

However, Profaci had no intention of honoring this peace agreement. On August 20, 1961, Joseph Profaci ordered the murder of Gallo members Joseph "Joe Jelly" Gioielli and Larry Gallo. Gunmen allegedly murdered Gioielli after inviting him to go deep sea fishing. Gallo survived a strangulation attempt in the Sahara club of East Flatbush by Carmine Persico and Salvatore "Sally" D'Ambrosio after a police officer intervened. The Gallos then began calling Persico "The Snake" because he had betrayed them. The war continued, resulting in nine murders and three disappearances.

In late November 1961, Joe Gallo was sentenced to seven to fourteen years in prison for murder.[16] In 1962, Joe Profaci died of cancer, leaving Joe Magliocco, his longtime underboss, as the new boss. The war continued on between the two factions. In 1963, Carmine Persico survived a car bombing and his enforcer Hugh McIntosh was shot in the groin as he attempted to kill Larry Gallo.[16] On May 19, 1963, a Gallo hit team shot Carmine Persico multiple times, but Persico survived.[16]

In 1963, Joseph Bonanno, the head of the Bonanno crime family, made plans to assassinate several rivals on the Mafia Commission—bosses Tommy Lucchese, Carlo Gambino, and Stefano Magaddino, as well as Frank DeSimone.[17] Bonanno sought Magliocco's support, and Magliocco readily agreed. Not only was he bitter from being denied a seat on the Commission, but Bonanno and Profaci had been close allies for over 30 years prior to Profaci's death.

Bonanno's audacious goal was to take over the Commission and make Magliocco his right-hand man. Magliocco was assigned the task of killing Lucchese and Gambino, and gave the contract to one of his top hit men, Joseph Colombo. However, the opportunistic Colombo revealed the plot to its targets. The other bosses quickly realized that Magliocco could not have planned this himself. Knowing how close Bonanno was with Magliocco (and before him, Profaci), as well as their close ties through marriages, the other bosses concluded Bonanno was the real mastermind.[18]

The Commission summoned Bonanno and Magliocco to explain themselves. Fearing for his life, Bonanno went into hiding in Montreal, leaving Magliocco to deal with the Commission. Badly shaken and in failing health, Magliocco confessed his role in the plot. The Commission spared Magliocco's life, but forced him to retire as Profaci family boss and pay a $50,000 fine. As a reward for turning on his boss, Colombo was awarded the Profaci family.

Colombo and Italian American Civil Rights League

The Commission rewarded Colombo for his loyalty by awarding him the Profaci family, which he renamed the Colombo family. The 41-year-old Colombo was the youngest boss in New York at the time, and the first New York Mafia boss to have been born and raised in the United States.

Having risen to the top of the family at such a young age, Colombo knew that he had a potentially long reign ahead of him and that if he managed to outlive his fellow New York bosses, he could become not only the most powerful boss in New York but the most powerful boss in the whole country as well.[19] Therefore, Colombo set about reshuffling the family's ranks, placing old-time gangsters in greater positions of power than the younger, more ambitious ones who could have potentially posed a threat to his rule. Colombo promoted elderly mobsters Salvatore "Charlie Lemons" Mineo and Benedetto D'Alessandro to underboss and consigliere, respectively.[20] In doing so, Colombo also sought to stabilize the family after enduring such a tumultuous period of conflict. When D’Alessandro later retired in 1969, Colombo promoted Joseph "Joey Yack" Yacovelli to consigliere.[21]

Along with former Gallo crew member Nicholas Bianco and New England family boss Raymond Patriarca, Colombo was also able to finally end the war with the Gallos. As a reward for his loyalty, Bianco was inducted into the Colombo family.[22] In 1968, Gallo crew leader Larry Gallo died of cancer.[11]

As boss, Colombo brought peace and stability to the broken crime family. However, some Cosa Nostra bosses viewed Colombo as Carlo Gambino's "puppet boss" and felt he never deserved the title.[11] Colombo's leadership was never challenged due to his support from Carlo Gambino.

In April 1970, Colombo founded the Italian-American Civil Rights League, dedicated to fighting discrimination against Italian-Americans. Many mobsters disapproved of the League because it brought unwanted public attention to the Cosa Nostra.[11] Colombo ignored their concerns and continued gaining support for his league.

On June 29, 1970, Colombo held the first league rally.[23] In 1971, months before the second demonstration, the other New York bosses ordered their men to stay away from the demonstration and not support Colombo's cause. In a sign that the New York bosses had turned on Colombo, the league's chief organizer, Gambino family capo Joseph DeCicco, resigned, ostensibly due to ill health.[11]

In 1971, Joe Gallo was also released from prison. At the time of his release, Gallo said the 1963 peace agreement did not apply to him because he was in prison when it was negotiated.[24] As a supposedly conciliatory gesture, Colombo invited Gallo to a peace meeting with an offering of $1,000.[25] Gallo refused the invitation, demanding $100,000 to stop the conflict, which Colombo rejected, instigating the Second Colombo War. At that point, Colombo issued a new order to kill Gallo.[26]

Second Family War (1971–1975)

On June 28, 1971, Colombo held the second league rally at Columbus Circle in Manhattan.[11] As Colombo prepared to speak, Jerome A. Johnson walked up to Colombo and shot him in the back of the head three times; seconds later, Colombo's bodyguards shot Johnson to death.[11] The shooting did not kill Colombo but left him paralyzed for the last seven years of his life; he died of natural causes on May 22, 1978.[27] Although many in the Colombo family blamed Joe Gallo for the shooting, the police eventually concluded that Johnson was a lone gunman after they had questioned Gallo.

Shortly after the Colombo shooting, a meeting of the high-ranking members of the family was held. At the meeting, underboss Salvatore "Charlie Lemons" Mineo was asked to take over as interim boss, but Mineo refused, citing his advanced age and failing health, and instead recommended that consigliere Joseph "Joey Yack" Yacovelli become acting boss.

Although the leadership of the Colombo family believed that Gallo was the mastermind behind the attempt on Colombo's life, Yacovelli opted not to pursue vengeance against Gallo right away. The New York Police Department may have contributed to Yacovelli's hesitation: although the police believed that Gallo was not involved in the Colombo shooting, they were aware that many members of the Colombo family did and would likely attempt to take revenge. Therefore, the police had assigned officers to follow Gallo around and ensure he was not harmed, making it nearly impossible for the Colombo family to get to Gallo. Killing Gallo so soon after the attempt on Colombo would also likely give the police the impression that a full-scale mob war was ensuing on the streets of New York and would therefore draw too much heat.[21]

By early 1972, however, most of the publicity surrounding the Colombo shooting had faded away, and an open contract was subsequently placed on Gallo's head. On April 7, 1972, acting on a quick tip, four gunmen walked into Umberto's Clam House in Little Italy and killed Joe Gallo as he was dining with his family.[27] Looking for revenge, Albert Gallo sent a gunman from Las Vegas to the Neapolitan Noodle restaurant in Manhattan, where Yacovelli, Alphonse Persico, and Gennaro Langella were dining one day. However, the gunman did not recognize the mobsters and shot four innocent diners instead, killing two of them.[28]

After this assassination attempt, Yacovelli, fearing further attempts at reprisal from the Gallo crew, fled New York. With Yacovelli, the family's consigliere, now on the run and its underboss, Mineo, having previously made it clear that he had no interest in stepping up to the top position, the door appeared to be wide open for Persico, now a capo and the leader of a powerful faction within the family, to permanently take over as boss.

Persico, however, had been sent to prison on federal hijacking charges in January earlier that year, so another capo named Vincenzo Aloi, a son of well-respected former capo Sebastiano "Buster" Aloi as well as the godson of Carlo Gambino, became the new acting boss.[21] Aloi's tenure as acting boss was to be short-lived as well, however, as he was convicted of perjury on June 26, 1973, for lying to a grand jury when he claimed he had not visited a Colombo family safe house in Nyack, New York prior to the Gallo murder.[29] After his conviction, Aloi, who was free on bail pending an appeal, stepped down as acting boss.

Joseph "Joey" Brancato, acting capo for John "Sonny" Franzese while the latter was serving a 50-year sentence at Leavenworth for bank robbery, then stepped up and became acting boss. Brancato, however, had no interest in a permanent leadership position and only took the job of acting boss for the purpose of finally negotiating an end to the war with the Gallo crew, which by then had split itself into two groups that had started fighting each other.[21] To finally resolve the conflict, Brancato and the bosses of the other New York families negotiated an agreement in which Albert Gallo and his remaining crew left the Colombo family and peacefully joined the Genovese family. The Gallo wars were finally over.[30]

Having successfully negotiated a peaceful resolution to the Gallo wars, Brancato stepped down as acting boss and returned to running his Long Island crew. With no other viable candidates standing in his way, the imprisoned Persico officially took over the Colombo family by the end of 1973, placing Thomas DiBella in charge of the family as acting boss and promoting his brother Alphonse "Allie Boy" Persico to consigliere and Anthony "Tony Shots" Abbatemarco to underboss.[21]

The family under Persico

Following the high-profile media exposure of Joseph Colombo and the murderous excesses of Joe Gallo, the Colombo family entered a period of comparative calm and stability. With Colombo in a coma, the family leadership went to Thomas DiBella, a man adept at evading the authorities since his sole bootlegging conviction in 1932. However, DiBella was unable to prevent the Gambino family from chipping away at Colombo rackets, and the Colombos declined in power.[31] Poor health forced DiBella to retire in 1977, and Colombo died in 1978. The Colombo family was facing another power vacuum.

During the 1970s, Carmine Persico had grown in stature within the family and was considered to be the clear successor as boss. However, in 1973, Persico was imprisoned on hijacking and loan-sharking charges, and sentenced to eight years in prison. His incarceration coincided with the release of his brother Alphonse from 17 years in prison. Persico designated Alphonse as acting boss with support as underboss from Gennaro Langella and Carmine's other brother, Theodore. Langella supervised various labor rackets for the family, including their stake in "Concrete Club", and exerted control over various labor unions, including Cement and Concrete Workers District Council, Local 6A.[32]

In 1979, Carmine was released from federal prison. In November 1981, he was convicted of conspiracy and racketeering charges, and sentenced to five years in prison.

On February 25, 1985, nine New York Mafia leaders, including Langella, followed by Persico, were indicted for narcotics trafficking, loansharking, gambling, labor racketeering and extortion against construction companies, as part of the Mafia Commission Trial.[33] Prosecutors aimed to strike at all the crime families at once using their involvement in the Commission.[34] Seven of the defendants were convicted of racketeering on November 19, 1986,[35] with Persico and Langella each sentenced on January 13, 1987, to 100 years' imprisonment.[36] [37] In the separate Colombo Trial, Persico was sentenced to 39 years' imprisonment, Langella to 65 years' imprisonment, and Alphonse Persico to 12 years, on November 17, 1986.[38]

Mafia historian and The New York Times organized-crime reporter Selwyn Raab later wrote that the Colombos suffered more long-term damage than any other family as a result of the Commission Trial. Raab pointed out that Persico was by far the youngest boss in New York and "at the peak of his abilities." Although he was 53 years old at the time of the Commission Trial, he had already headed the family for 14 years. In contrast, the other New York bosses were in their seventies and likely would have ceded power to mafiosi of Persico's generation even if they had not been sent to prison. Raab believed that Persico would have had a long reign ahead of him had the trial not intervened.[10]

Although Persico knew he would never resume active control of the family, he was determined to ensure that his take of the family's illicit gains would continue to flow to his relatives.[10] He had already named Alphonse as acting boss before his arrest, and retained Alphonse in that post after his arrest. However, not long afterward, Alphonse skipped bail from a loansharking arrest. Persico then named a three-man ruling panel to run the family. In 1988, he dissolved the panel and named Victor Orena, the capo of Little Allie Boy's former crew in Brooklyn, as temporary acting boss. Persico made clear that Orena was merely a placeholder until Little Allie Boy could return to the streets. However, Persico empowered Orena to induct new members and order murders on his own authority–two prerogatives rarely granted to an acting boss.

Third Family War (1991–1993)

By 1991, Orena had come to believe Persico was out of touch and causing the family to miss out on lucrative opportunities. He was also alarmed at Persico's plans for a made-for-television biography, fearing that prosecutors could use it as evidence in the same way they had used Joe Bonanno's tell-all book as evidence in the Commission Trial. He therefore decided to take over the family himself.[10]

Using his strong ties to Gambino boss John Gotti, Orena petitioned the Mafia Commission to recognize him as boss. Unwilling to cause more conflict, the Commission refused. Orena then instructed consigliere Carmine Sessa to poll the capos on whether Orena should replace Persico. Instead, Sessa alerted Persico that Orena was staging a palace coup. An enraged Persico ordered a hit on Orena. On June 21, 1991, when Orena arrived at his home in Cedarhurst on Long Island, he found gunmen under Sessa's leadership waiting for him. However, Orena managed to escape before the gunmen could strike. The third Colombo war had begun.

Orena sent his younger brother Michael "Mickey Brown" Orena's two sons—Michael and younger son William "Willy Boy" Orena—into Brooklyn on a murder mission. It is unclear what roles the two brothers played in the murders during the war, but F.B.I agents are certain they were responsible for the disappearance of 15 associates and business partners of the Orena clan. William "Willy Boy" Orena was picked up getting off of the Fire Island Ferry in Sayville Long Island, with eight pistols believed to be used in the bloodshed and $43,000 in cash in his possession. During Willy Boy's stay at the Riverhead County Jail, all eight of the firearms disappeared from the evidence locker.[31]

Twelve people, including three innocent bystanders, died in this gang war, and 18 associates have never been seen again.[39] More than 80 made members and associates from both sides of the Colombo family were convicted, jailed or indicted. These included Persico's brother Theodore "Teddy" Persico and his son Alphonse Persico, DeRoss, Orena's nephews William V. Orena, his older brother Micheal Orena, and Orena's two sons, Victor Jr. Orena and John Orena. While both sides appealed to the Commission for help, the war continued. In November 1991, Gregory Scarpa, a Persico loyalist, was driving his daughter and granddaughter home when several Orena gunmen ambushed them. Scarpa and his relatives managed to escape.

The war continued until 1992, when Orena was convicted of racketeering, the 1989 Ocera murder, and other related charges.[40] He received three life sentences plus 85 years in federal prison.[41] 58 soldiers and associates—42 from the Persico faction and 16 from the Orena faction—were sent to prison. Raab later wrote that Persico's attempts to keep control of the family from prison nearly destroyed it. By his estimate, 70 of the family's members and associates were convicted as a result of the war, and the family was down to around 75 made members.[10]

While the Colombo war raged, the Commission refused to allow any Colombo member to sit on the Commission[42] and considered dissolving the family. Lucchese underboss Anthony Casso proposed to merge the family with his own to end the war,[43] while in 2000 plans were proposed to split its manpower and resources among the remaining families.[44] In 2002, with the help of Bonanno family boss Joseph Massino, the other families finally allowed the Colombos to rejoin the Commission.

The family after Third Colombo War

With Orena out of the picture, the way was clear for "Little Allie Boy" to become acting boss after his release in 1994. In 1994, Carmine Persico appointed Andrew Russo as acting boss. When Russo went to prison in 1996, Alphonse Persico took over as acting boss.[45] In 1999, he was arrested in Fort Lauderdale after being caught in possession of a pistol and shotgun; as a convicted felon he was barred from carrying guns.

Shortly afterward, he ordered the murder of underboss William "Wild Bill" Cutolo, an Orena supporter during the Third Colombo War. Cutolo's son, vowing revenge, offered to wear a wire and pose as a prospective Colombo associate. Based on evidence from this wire, Little Allie Boy was indicted on RICO charges. Realizing he stood no chance of acquittal, he pled guilty to the state charges in February 2000 and to the RICO charges in December 2001. In 2004, Alphonse Persico and underboss John "Jackie" DeRoss were indicted for the Cutolo murder. In December 2007, both men were convicted and sentenced to life in prison. Family consigliere Joel "Joe Waverly" Cacace took over running the family until 2003, when he was imprisoned on murder and racketeering charges.

The family then came under the influence of Thomas "Tommy Shots" Gioeli, who took over as street boss. In June 2008, Gioeli, underboss John "Sonny" Franzese, former consigliere Joel Cacace, captain Dino Calabro, soldier Dino Saracino and several other members and associates, including Orlando "Ori" Spado,[46] [47] were indicted on multiple racketeering charges, including loansharking, extortion and three murders dating back to the Colombo Wars.[48] [49] [50] Alphonse Persico was sentenced to life imprisonment on February 27, 2009, for the Cutolo murder.

After Gioeli was imprisoned, Ralph F. DeLeo, who operated from Boston, Massachusetts, became the family's street boss. On December 17, 2009, the FBI charged DeLeo and Colombo family members with drug trafficking, extortion and loansharking in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Florida and Arkansas.[51] [52] [53] [54]

Current position

With DeLeo imprisoned, Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo once again took control of the family. On January 20, 2011, street boss Andrew Russo, acting underboss Benjamin Castellazzo, consigliere Richard Fusco, and others were charged with murder, narcotics trafficking, and labor racketeering.[55] [56] In September 2011, Castellazzo and Fusco pleaded guilty to reduced charges.[57] In December 2011, it was revealed that capo Reynold Maragni wore a wire for the FBI and gained information about Thomas Gioeli's role in the 1999 murder of William Cutolo.[58]

On July 11, 2018, four associates and members of the Colombo crime family were part of a 32-count indictment charging them with a number of crimes, including money laundering, racketeering, illegal gambling and extortion. The crimes allegedly took place between December 2010 and June 2018, predominantly in Brooklyn and Staten Island.[59] [60] Two made members of the Colombo family, Vito DiFalco and Jerry Ciauri, were among the accused.[61] [62] Gambino crime family soldier Anthony Licata was also indicted.[61]

On March 7, 2019, Colombo family boss Carmine Persico died in prison.[6] With Carmine Persico's death, his son Alphonse Persico, who has been serving as longtime acting boss for his father while also serving life in prison was demoted from his position in the administration. The members of the Colombo family voted for Andrew "Mush" Russo to be the new official boss of the Colombo family. Russo was Carmine Persico's cousin and had been serving as the Colombo family's longtime street boss for years. His inner circle included underboss Benjamin "Benji" Castellazzo, consigliere Ralph DiMatteo, capo Vincent "Vinny Unions" Ricciardo, capo Richard Ferrara and capo Theodore "Teddy" Persico Jr.

On October 3, 2019, capo Joseph Amato along with Daniel Capaldo and Thomas Scorcia were indicted on 2014 Staten Island extortion and loansharking charges.[63] On March 22, 2021, Amato pleaded guilty.[64]

On August 13, 2020, an indictment charged Colombo family associate Frangesco "Frankie" Russo, Genovese family soldier Christopher Chierchio, attorney Jason "Jay" Kurland and securities broker Frank Smookler with conspiracy, wire fraud and money laundering.[65] The indictment accused the "lottery attorney" Kurland, along with Russo, Chierchio and Smookler, of swindling $80 million from jackpot winners in an illegal scheme which involved siphoning money from the winners' investments.[65] Frangesco "Frankie" Russo has been identified as the son of former Colombo captain Joseph "JoJo" Russo, and the grandson of Andrew "Mush" Russo, the reputed boss of the Colombo family.[66]

On September 14, 2021, an indictment was served that included the Colombo family's boss, Andrew "Mush" Russo, underboss Benjamin "Benji" Castellazzo, consigliere Ralph "Big Ralphie" DiMatteo, captains Vincent Ricciardi, Richard Ferrara and Theodore "Teddy" Persico Jr., soldier Michael Uvino, and associates Thomas Costa and Domenick Ricciardo.[67] The indictment charged these members of the Colombo family with infiltrating and taking control of a Queens-based labor union and its affiliated health care benefit program, as well as conspiring to commit fraud in connection with workplace safety certifications.[67] Ralph DiMatteo was not present when the indictment was served and was declared a fugitive,[67] but surrendered to the FBI on September 17, 2021. Richard Ferrara became a government providing information which helped convict two Russian gangsters of lying to the FBI about the 2009 murder of a Russian businessman.[68] In December 2023, the remaining defendants were sentenced to prison, Ralph DiMatteo received three years, Theodore Persico received five years, and Benjamin Castellazzo was given fifteen months.[68]

On April 20, 2022, Andrew Russo's lawyer Jeffrey Lichtman announced that Russo died at the age of 87 on April 18, 2022.[69] [70] On April 23, 2022, Andrew Russo's funeral was attended by 100 mourners in Brooklyn.[71] Robert "Little Robert" Donofrio, a long-time soldier who initially sided with the Orena Faction but switched to the Persico Faction during the third war, ascended to the family's administration becoming the acting boss after Russo's death.[72]

Historical leadership

Boss (official and acting)

Street boss

Underboss (official and acting)

Consigliere (official and acting)

Factions of the third war

The Colombo crime family divided into two factions during the third family war (1991 to 1993).

The Persico faction[121]

The Orena faction[123]

Current family members

Administration

Caporegimes

Brooklyn faction

Staten Island faction

Bronx

Long Island faction

Florida faction

Soldiers

New York

Massachusetts

Imprisoned soldiers

Associates

Former family members and associates

Associates

Government informants and witnesses

Members

Associates

Family crews

Controlled unions

See also

References

External links

Notes and References

  2. Web site: The Changing Face of organize crime in New Jersey. State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation. May 2004.
  4. Critchley, David. (2009) The origins of organized crime in America: the New York City mafia, 1891-1931. Taylor & Francis. pp. 160-64. .
  5. Robbins, Michael W. and Palitz, Wendy (2001). Brooklyn: a state of mind. Workman Publishing. p. 104.
  6. Web site: Legendary New York Mob Boss Carmine Persico, Head of Colombo Family, Dead at Age 85. nbcnewyork.com. 7 March 2019.
  7. News: Hamilton . Brad . The brutal rise and bloody fall of the Colombos . October 24, 2011 . . January 30, 2011.
  8. Newton, Michael (2009) The Encyclopedia of Unsolved Crimes Infobase Publishing. p.408
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  20. FBI Records: The Vault — Gregory Scarpa, Sr, https://vault.fbi.gov/gregory-scarpa-sr/gregory-scarpa-sr-part-02-of-08/at_download/file "On [April 7, 1964], informant advised that on Sunday, [April 5, 1964], a ceremony was held installing Joe Colombo as 'boss' and Charlie Lemons as 'underboss' of the Magliocco 'family'."
  21. FBI Records: The Vault — Gregory Scarpa, Sr, https://vault.fbi.gov/gregory-scarpa-sr/gregory-scarpa-sr-part-04-of-08
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  63. Web site: 20 Defendants Charged with Crimes, Including Racketeering, Extortion, Loansharking: 11 Members and Associates of the Colombo Crime Family Indicted. Justice.gov. October 3, 2019. 2019-10-06.
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  68. Web site: Burnstein . Scott . What's In A Nickname? Debate Over NYC Mafia Underboss "Benji The Claw's" Street Handle Lurks As Colombo Power Gets Sentencing Break . The Gangster Report . January 22, 2024 . 24 January 2024.
  69. Web site: McShane . Noah Goldberg, Larry . Colombo family boss Andrew 'Mush' Russo dies at age 87 while awaiting federal racketeering case . https://archive.today/20220420200531/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-mob-boss-death-colombo-andrew-mush-russo-20220420-ux4bwytflzh2pdtavbqmtcbohe-story.html . 2022-04-20 . 2022-04-20 . New York Daily News. April 20, 2022 .
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  89. https://www.fbi.gov/newyork/press-releases/2009/nyfo02709.htm Colombo Organized Crime Family Acting Boss Alphonse T. Persico and Administration Member John J. Deross Sentenced to Life Imprisonment for the Murder of William "Wild Bill" Cutolo and Related Witness Tampering
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  156. Web site: 2021-04-22. Five Individuals Charged for Roles in $65 Million Nationwide Conspiracy to Defraud Federal Health Care Programs. 2021-05-18. www.justice.gov. en.
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  183. https://www.fbi.gov/newyork/press-releases/2010/nyfo030910.htm Indictment Unsealed Charging Colombo Family Administration Member Theodore Persico and Seven Others
  184. Horowitz, Carl (March 1, 2010) "Colombo Mobsters Charged with Extortion, Theft of Teamster Benefits" National Legal and Policy Center
  185. http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&needingMoreList=false&FirstName=Joseph&Middle=&LastName=Baudanza&Race=W&Sex=M&Age=&x=0&y=0 Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Joseph Baudanza
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  187. Capeci, Jerry (January 11, 2007) Late Guilty Plea for Green Eyes New York Sun
  188. Smith, Greg (August 26, 2001) "Sopranos Made Mob Scene; FBI spotted actors at '99 Colombo fete New York Daily News
  189. http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&needingMoreList=false&FirstName=John&Middle=&LastName=DeRoss&Race=W&Sex=M&Age=&x=42&y=20 "John DeRoss"
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  193. http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&needingMoreList=false&FirstName=Daniel&Middle=&LastName=Persico&Race=W&Sex=M&Age=&x=0&y=0 "Daniel Persico"
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  195. http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=2nd&navby=case&no=961725 United States v. Vincent DeMartino
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  224. http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F2/511/511.F2d.585.74--1727.74--1278.74--1614.74--1220.1144.html United States Court of Appeals "United States of America v. Vincent Aloi"
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  253. Web site: Alamo . Tony . Order to Remove Charles Joseph Panarella from the List of Excluded Persons . Nevada Gaming Commission . October 23, 2019 . August 5, 2019 . PDF.
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  306. Web site: How The FBI Turned A Mafioso Into A MMA Fighter . Heavy.com . October 21, 2009 . 31 May 2018.
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  309. Web site: John Franzese Jr. testified against his dad, Sonny — and then quit Witness Protection. newsday.com. March 27, 2019. January 18, 2020. July 11, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190711045750/https://www.newsday.com/long-island/investigations/john-jr-franzese-sonny-son-1.29008869. dead.
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  311. Web site: Colombo underboss John (Sonny) Franzese's son admits he sold his dad out for $50,000. https://web.archive.org/web/20100613122311/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/ny_crime/the_mob/2010/06/10/2010-06-10_colombo_underboss_john_sonny_franzeses_son_has_hiv_and_dad_aims_to_use_it_agains.html. dead. June 13, 2010. New York Daily News. June 10, 2019.
  312. Web site: 93-Year-Old Crime Boss Gets 12-Year Sentence. cbsnew.com. January 14, 2011.
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  314. Raab (2006), p.322
  315. Jacobs, James B. (2006) Mobsters, Unions, and feds: the mafia and the American labor movement NYU Press p.191
  316. Jacobs, James B.; Friel, Coleen; and Radick, Robert (2001) Gotham Unbound: How New York City was liberated from the grip of organized crime NYU Press p,293

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