Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference Explained

Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference
Founded:1962
Association:NCAA
Division:Division III
Teams:12
Sports:19
Mens:9
Womens:10
Formerly:College Athletic Conference (1962–1991)
Headquarters:Suwanee, Georgia
Commissioner:D. Dwayne Hanberry
Map:Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference Map.svg
Map Size:250px
Color:
  1. 0f2b63;
Font Color:
  1. FFFFFF

The Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference (SCAC), founded in 1962, is an intercollegiate athletic conference which competes in the NCAA's Division III. Member institutions are located in Colorado, Louisiana, and Texas. Difficulties related to travel distances led seven former members to announce the formation of a new Southeastern US-based conference, the Southern Athletic Association, starting with the 2012–13 academic year.

Prior to 1991, the conference was known as the College Athletic Conference (CAC). The commissioner of the SCAC is Dwayne Hanberry. The chair of the Executive Committee of the SCAC for 2022–23 is L. Song Richardson, Colorado College president.[1]

History

Chronological timeline

Member schools

Current members

The SCAC currently has 12 full members, all are private schools:

InstitutionLocationFoundedAffiliationEnrollmentU.S. News
Ranking[9]
Endowment[10] NicknameJoinedColors
Austin CollegeSherman, Texas1849Presbyterian1,22882
(National: Lib. Arts)
$134,746,000Kangaroos2006
Centenary College of LouisianaShreveport, Louisiana1825United Methodist563167
(National: Lib. Arts)
Gentlemen &<br />Ladies2012
Colorado CollegeColorado Springs, Colorado1874Nonsectarian2,26631
(National: Lib. Arts)
$720,085,000Tigers2006
Concordia University TexasAustin, Texas1926Lutheran LCMS1,200not ranked$18,570,000Tornados2024
Irving, Texas1956Catholic2,53813
(Regional: West)
$45,630,000Crusaders2011
McMurry UniversityAbilene, Texas1923United Methodist1,43015
(Regional College: West)
$84,000,000War Hawks2024
Clarksville, Arkansas1834Presbyterian6306
(Regional College: South)
$87,540,000Eagles2024
Houston, Texas1947Catholic
3,97526
(Regional University: West)
$78,360,000Celts2019
Schreiner UniversityKerrville, Texas1923Presbyterian1,1038
(Regional College: West)
$62,946,000Mountaineers2013
Southwestern UniversityGeorgetown, Texas1840United Methodist1,536[11] 65
(National: Lib. Arts)
$255,955,000Pirates1994
Texas Lutheran UniversitySeguin, Texas1891Lutheran ELCA1,4423
(Regional College: West)
$89,986,000Bulldogs2013
Trinity UniversitySan Antonio, Texas1869Nonsectarian2,70355
(National: Lib. Arts)[12]
$1,725,000,000[13] Tigers1989
Notes:

Affiliate members

The SCAC currently has one affiliate member, which is also a private school.

Notes:

Future full members

InstitutionLocationFoundedAffiliationEnrollmentEndowmentNicknameJoiningColorsCurrent
conference
Hendrix CollegeConway, Arkansas1876United Methodist1,130$200,700,000Warriors2025Southern (SAA)
LeTourneau UniversityLongview, Texas1946Interdenominational3,758$10,500,000Yellowjackets2025American Southwest
Notes:

Former members

The SCAC had 16 former full members, all were private schools:

InstitutionLocationFoundedAffiliationEnrollmentNicknameJoinedLeftCurrent
conference
Birmingham–Southern CollegeBirmingham, Alabama1856United Methodist1,600Panthers2007–082011–12N/A
Centre CollegeDanville, Kentucky1819Presbyterian1,215Colonels1962–632011–12Southern (SAA)
DePauw UniversityGreencastle, Indiana1837Methodist2,400Tigers1998–992010–11North Coast (NCAC)
Earlham CollegeRichmond, Indiana1847Quakers1,181Quakers1984–851988–89Heartland (HCAC)
Fisk UniversityNashville, Tennessee1866United Church of Christ
800Bulldogs1983–841993–94HBCU (HBCUAC)
Hendrix CollegeConway, Arkansas1876United Methodist1,400Warriors1992–932011–12Southern (SAA)
Illinois CollegeJacksonville, Illinois1829UCC & PCUSA1,000Blueboys &<br />Lady Blues1980–811982–83Midwest
Johnson & Wales UniversityDenver, Colorado1914Nonsectarian1,291Wildcats2018–192019–20N/A
Millsaps CollegeJackson, Mississippi1890United Methodist1,146Majors1989–902011–12Southern (SAA)
Oglethorpe UniversityAtlanta, Georgia1835Nondenominational1,000Stormy Petrels1991–922011–12Southern (SAA)
Principia CollegeElsah, Illinois1910Scientist550Panthers1974–751983–84St. Louis (SLIAC)
Rhodes CollegeMemphis, Tennessee1848Presbyterian1,690Lynx1962–632011–12Southern (SAA)
Rose-Hulman Institute of TechnologyTerre Haute, Indiana1874Nonsectarian1,970Fightin' Engineers1974–75,
1998–99
1988–89,
2005–06
Heartland (HCAC)
Sewanee, Tennessee1857Episcopal1,383Tigers1962–632011–12Southern (SAA)
Washington and Lee UniversityLexington, Virginia1749Nonsectarian2,203Generals1962–631972–73Old Dominion (ODAC)
Washington University in St. LouisSt. Louis, Missouri1853Nonsectarian14,070Bears1962–631971–72University (UAA)
Notes:

Former affiliate members

The SCAC had three former affiliate members, all but one were private schools.

InstitutionLocationFoundedAffiliationEnrollmentNicknameJoinedLeftSCAC
sport
Primary
conference
McMurry UniversityAbilene, Texas1923United Methodist1,430War Hawks20142024men's swimming & diving;
women's swimming & diving
Southern (SCAC)
University of the OzarksClarksville, Arkansas1834Presbyterian630Eagles20162024men's swimming & diving;
women's swimming & diving
Southern (SCAC)
University of California, Santa Cruz
(UCSC, UC Santa Cruz)
Santa Cruz, California1965Public19,700Banana Slugs20132014men's swimming & divingCoast to Coast (C2C)
Notes:

Membership timeline

DateFormat = yyyy

ImageSize = width:900 height:auto barincrement:20

Period = from:1962 till:2035

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

PlotArea = right:20 left:0 bottom:50 top:5 #> to display a count on left side of graph, use "left:20" to suppress the count, use "left:20"<#

Colors =

id:barcolor value:rgb(0.99,0.7,0.7) id:line value:black id:bg value:white id:Full value:rgb(0.742,0.727,0.852) # Use this color to denote a team that is a member in all sports id:FullxF value:rgb(0.551,0.824,0.777) # Use this color to denote a team that is a member in all sports except for football id:AssocF value:rgb(0.98,0.5,0.445) # Use this color to denote a team that is a member for football only id:AssocOS value:rgb(0.5,0.691,0.824) # Use this color to denote a team that is a member in some sports, but not all (consider identifying in legend or a footnote) id:OtherC1 value:rgb(0.996,0.996,0.699) # Use this color to denote a team that has moved to another conference id:OtherC2 value:rgb(0.988,0.703,0.383) # Use this color to denote a team that has moved to another conference where OtherC1 has already been used, to distinguish the two

PlotData=

width:15 textcolor:black shift:(5,-5) anchor:from fontsize:s

bar:1 color:Full from:1962 till:2012 text:Centre (Ky.) (1962–2012)

bar:2 color:Full from:1962 till:2012 text:Rhodes (1962–2012)

bar:3 color:Full from:1962 till:2012 text:Sewanee (1962–2012)

bar:4 color:Full from:1962 till:1973 text:Washington and Lee (1962–1973)

bar:5 color:Full from:1962 till:1972 text:Washington (Mo.) (1962–1972)

bar:6 color:Full from:1974 till:1989 text:RHIT (1974–1989) bar:6 color:Full from:1998 till:2006 text:(1998–2006)

bar:7 color:Full from:1974 till:1984 text:Principia (1974–1984)

bar:8 color:Full from:1980 till:1983 text:Illinois College (1980–1983)

bar:9 color:Full from:1983 till:1994 text:Fisk (1983–1994)

bar:10 color:Full from:1984 till:1989 text:Earlham (1984–1989)

bar:11 color:Full from:1989 till:2012 text:Millsaps (1989–2012)

bar:12 color:Full from:1989 till:2017 text:Trinity (Tex.) (1989–2025) bar:12 color:FullxF from:2017 till:2025

bar:13 color:FullxF from:1991 till:2012 text:Oglethorpe (1991–2012)

bar:14 color:FullxF from:1992 till:2012 text:Hendrix (1992–2012) bar:14 color:Full from:2025 till:end text:(2025–future)

bar:15 color:FullxF from:1994 till:2013 text:Southwestern (Tex.) (1994–2025) bar:15 color:Full from:2013 till:2017 bar:15 color:FullxF from:2017 till:2025

bar:16 color:Full from:1998 till:2011 text:DePauw (1998–2011)

bar:17 color:Full from:2006 till:end text:Austin (2006–present) bar:17 color:FullxF from:2017 till:end

bar:18 color:Full from:2006 till:2009 text:Colorado College (2006–present) bar:18 color:FullxF from:2009 till:end

bar:19 color:Full from:2007 till:2012 text:Birmingham–Southern (2007–2012)

bar:20 color:FullxF from:2011 till:end text:Dallas (2011–present)

bar:21 color:FullxF from:2012 till:2024 text:Centenary (La.) (2012–present) bar:21 color:Full from:2024 till:end

bar:22 color:FullxF from:2013 till:2025 text:Schreiner (2013–present) bar:22 color:Full from:2025 till:end

bar:23 color:Full from:2013 till:2017 text:Texas Lutheran (2013–present) bar:23 color:FullxF from:2017 till:2025 bar:23 color:Full from:2025 till:end

bar:24 color:AssocOS from:2013 till:2014 text:UC Santa Cruz (2013–14)

bar:25 color:AssocOS from:2014 till:2024 text:McMurry (assoc., 2014–2024; full, 2024–present) bar:25 color:FullxF from:2024 till:end

bar:26 color:AssocOS from:2016 till:end text:Ozarks (assoc., 2016–2024; full, 2024–present) bar:26 color:FullxF from:2024 till:end

bar:27 color:FullxF from:2018 till:2020 text:Johnson & Wales (2018–2020)

bar:28 color:FullxF from:2019 till:end text:St. Thomas (2019–present)

bar:29 color:FullxF from:2024 till:end text:Concordia (TX) (2024–present)

bar:30 color:AssocF from:2024 till:end text:Lyon (2024–present)

bar:31 color:FullxF from:2025 till:end text:LeTourneau (2025–future)

ScaleMajor = gridcolor:line unit:year increment:5 start:1965

Conference overview

Prior to the 2012 conference split, the SCAC fielded competition in baseball, basketball, cross country, field hockey, football, golf, lacrosse, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, outdoor track and field and volleyball. With membership greatly reduced and in flux, some of these sports (field hockey, women's lacrosse) no longer have enough participants (zero and two, respectively) to allow the conference to sponsor them. In addition, after struggling with only four football playing schools for several seasons, the conference in November 2015 announced football would be discontinued as a conference sport effective the 2017–18 school year, with football playing institutions affiliating with either the American Southwest Conference[18] or the Southern Athletic Association.[19] On July 21, 2018, the conference announced that men's and women's lacrosse would once again be offered as conference sports, and made a commitment to holding an eSports championship in 2019.[20] With only four schools fielding women's lacrosse teams, and five men's, the conference champions will not qualify for an automatic bid to the NCAA playoffs.

Unlike many Division III conferences, where geography is the primary determining factor for membership, the SCAC is made up of private institutions where the primary focus is on academics; the New England Small College Athletic Conference and University Athletic Association are other athletic associations with similar academic emphasis. Almost all members sport Phi Beta Kappa chapters. Member schools are prominently featured in annual "Best College" rankings; admissions are highly selective.

In an unusual move for the conference, Colorado College, which offers two Division I (scholarship) sports, was accepted as a member beginning in the 2006–07 season. It is the only SCAC school to offer any sort of scholarship athletics, though the Division I programs—namely men's ice hockey and women's soccer—do not compete in the SCAC. (The conference does not sponsor ice hockey for either men or women.)

The conference had previously announced its desire to expand to a total of twelve members, which would ease scheduling issues and allow the conference to divide into eastern and western divisions spread across the southern US. On May 26, 2006, Birmingham-Southern College, one of the smallest Division I schools in the country, announced its intentions to drop scholarship athletics and join the SCAC. This is a multi-year process subject to final approval by the NCAA. The SCAC approved BSC's application, pending NCAA approval, on June 8, 2006.

Due to the unusual (for Division III) distances between member institutions, travel costs and durations must be factored into any decision to join the conference. Rose–Hulman cited these factors as reasons for leaving the conference when it rejoined the Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference in 2006–07. Austin College readily took RHIT's place, moving from the American Southwest Conference before the 2006–07 season.

On June 9, 2010, DePauw University announced that it was departing the SCAC for the North Coast Athletic Conference. Like Rose-Hulman, DePauw cited "a less strenuous and more environmentally friendly travel regimen for our teams." DePauw became a member of the NCAC for the 2011–12 season except for football, which will join for the 2012 season.[21]

On September 22, 2010, the University of Dallas announced that it had accepted an invitation to join the SCAC at the beginning of the 2011–12 academic year.[22]

The May 10, 2011 issue of the DePauw college newspaper, The DePauw, reported that four schools (Centre, Sewanee, Hendrix, and Rhodes) were considering leaving the conference at the end of the 2011–2012 school year, ostensibly due to travel issues and issues relating to the conference splitting into two divisions.[23] As the two reasons were somewhat exclusive (e.g. divisions would reduce overall travel), and other regional conferences would offer similar issues, it remained to be seen at that time what the schools planned in a post-SCAC world.

After the conclusion of the June 7, 2011 SCAC Presidents' meeting, the conference announced that seven of the twelve schools would be leaving to form a new, more compact conference based in the Southeastern US. This transition was effective at the conclusion of the 2011–12 academic year. The schools departing include founding SCAC [CAC] members Centre, Sewanee, and Rhodes, in addition to Birmingham-Southern, Hendrix, Millsaps, and Oglethorpe. Berry College will also join the newly formed Southern Athletic Association.

The SCAC intends to remain a viable entity, enlisting other schools which subscribe to the SCAC charter. Commissioner D. Dwayne Hanberry will remain with the conference to oversee that effort, which will be complicated by the paucity of unaffiliated Division III schools in the SCAC's new region of Texas and Colorado.[24] Reflecting that challenge, the conference has sought new members from the American Southwest Conference, whose geographical footprint is similar to that of the "new" SCAC. On September 28, 2011, Centenary College of Louisiana announced it would join the SCAC beginning in the 2012–13 season.[25] Two more ASC schools joined the SCAC for the 2013–14 season: Schreiner University announced their decision on January 23, 2012,[26] and on February 16, 2012, Texas Lutheran University announced it too would join the SCAC.[27]

Football was no longer be sponsored by the SCAC as of the 2017–18 school year.[28] The conference had four schools playing in 2015 and 2016: Texas Lutheran University, Austin College, Southwestern University and Trinity University. Texas Lutheran University and Southwestern University will play football as affiliates in the ASC, while Austin College and Trinity University will be affiliates of the Southern Athletic Association.

A much-needed travel partner for isolated Colorado College will join the conference in 2018. On February 21, 2017, the conference announced that the Denver campus of Johnson & Wales University would join the conference as it transitions from the NAIA to NCAA Division III, after the school's "exploratory year" in 2017–18. It is expected that the school will not be eligible for conference championships or NCAA playoff bids until the transition to Division III is complete, per typical NCAA practice. The conference has already announced plans to pursue a tenth institution to better balance travel and scheduling requirements.[29]

On February 14, 2018, the University of St. Thomas - Houston announced it would become the SCAC's 10th member after completing an exploratory year in Division III. SCAC competition would begin in the 2019–2020 season.[30]

On June 25, 2020, Johnson & Wales University announced that it would close its Denver campus at the end of the 2020–21 school year due to concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and would accept no new students at that campus effective immediately. The following day, the Denver athletic program was shut down.[31]

On October 31, 2022, the conference announced that McMurry University, currently an affiliate in Men's and Women's Swimming and Diving, will join the conference as a full member starting with the 2024–25 season, becoming the latest school to leave the American Southwest Conference for the SCAC.[32] As McMurry offers football, there was speculation that the conference might once again sponsor the sport; two days later, the conference announced it would reinstate football in 2024 as long as at least four members agree to participate in SCAC play. Austin, Southwestern, Texas Lutheran, and Trinity all are affiliated with other conferences for football and will have to complete any commitments before returning to the SCAC; in addition to McMurry, Centenary and Schreiner have nascent programs which could be ready to compete by 2024. Finally the SCAC also announced that Lyon College will join as an associate for football only in 2024. The conference expects Lyon, Austin, Centenary, and McMurry at a minimum in 2024 with the other schools having until 2026 to return to SCAC play.[33] The conference's football champion will not earn an automatic bid to the NCAA playoffs until the first year six teams participate in SCAC competition.

On March 9, 2023, the conference's plans to restart football were somewhat complicated by the announcement that Trinity and Southwestern would leave the SCAC in favor of the Southern Athletic Association with the beginning of the 2025-26 school year. While the conference will retain enough football-playing schools to receive an automatic bid (if and only the remaining six teams meet their commitments to play football at that time), it may give the conference reason to join forces with the American Southwest Conference, which by that time will only have four schools participating in the sport and thus lack the minimum number of teams to receive an automatic playoff bid.

President's Trophy

Each year, the "President's Trophy," a 300-pound railroad bell, is awarded to the school with the best overall sports record. Teams are awarded points for their final position in each sport; the school with the most points is declared the winner. For the 2021–22 school year, the President's Trophy was awarded to Trinity University for the 22nd time, and eleventh-straight season, both conference records. The 174.5-point margin of victory (over second-place Southwestern) was the third-largest in conference history.[34]

NCAA national championship teams and individuals

SCAC members have won a total of ten NCAA team championships and 35 individual championships.

Team champions:

Individual champions:

This list does not include championships won by schools outside of their period of membership in the SCAC.

Overall success on the national level

While championships come infrequently, overall SCAC athletic programs rate favorably when compared against the diverse Division III membership. The Learfield IMG College Directors' Cup provides one representation of any school's athletic success as compared to its peers. Trinity has ranked in the top five nationally twice, most recently in 2004–05 when it placed fourth. Trinity again led the way in 2021–22 when it placed 20th nationally; Colorado College, at 102nd, was the next school among 327 ranked institutions.[36]

The SCAC and Division I

On several occasions the SCAC has been used as a role model for academically high-achieving Division I programs considering a move to non-scholarship athletics. In 2004, Rice considered a move to Division III with Trinity cited as a possible model by the Houston Chronicle.[37] The university eventually remained in Division I. In 2006, Birmingham-Southern College elected to leave Division I for Division III, and stated that they would seek membership in the SCAC. This represented the first time since 1988 that a Division I school had changed affiliation to Division III.[38] In 2012, Centenary College of Louisiana joined the SCAC, after leaving Division I in 2011; however, its initial partner in the transition from Division I was the American Southwest Conference.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Historic Executive Committee Highlights Upcoming 2022–23 Academic Year. July 8, 2022 .
  2. Web site: McMurry accepts invitation to join the Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference. BCH Sports. bigcountryhomepage.com. November 1, 2022. November 1, 2022.
  3. SAA Welcomes Southwestern University and Trinity University (Texas) as Full-time Members . Southern Athletic Association . 9 March 2023.
  4. Concordia University Texas and University of the Ozarks Set to Join SCAC in 2024-25 . May 15, 2023 . Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference . 15 May 2023.
  5. Web site: Lyon College football to be affiliate member of SCAC in 2024 . November 2, 2022 . Lyon College . November 24, 2023.
  6. LeTourneau University Set To Join SCAC In 2025-26. Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference. April 25, 2024. April 26, 2024.
  7. 2024-06-11 . Hendrix College To Rejoin SCAC In 2025-26 . en.
  8. 2024-06-11 . Hendrix College Announces Return to SCAC in 2025 . 2024-06-11 . Hendrix College Athletics . en.
  9. Web site: College Rankings - Best Colleges - US News. rankingsandreviews.com.
  10. Web site: U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY2014 to FY2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160131203541/http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/EndowmentFiles/2015_NCSE_Endowment_Market_Values.pdf. 2016-01-31.
  11. Web site: Southwestern: About Southwestern . Southwestern.edu . 2015-07-20.
  12. Web site: Trinity University Reclassified as National Liberal Arts College. Trinity University . January 20, 2022 . January 20, 2022.
  13. Web site: Trinity University Endowment Report 2020-21 . Trinity University . November 7, 2021 . November 10, 2021.
  14. UC-Santa Cruz Joins SCAC as Men's and Women's Swimming & Diving Affiliate Member. scacsports.com. May 31, 2013.
  15. Web site: Swimming and Diving Schedule 2014-15. goslugs.com.
  16. McMurry (Tex.) Joins SCAC as Men's and Women's Swimming & Diving Affiliate Member. scacsports.com. July 3, 2014.
  17. University of Ozarks joins SCAC as Men's and Women's Swimming Affiliate Member. scacsports.com. March 11, 2016.
  18. Southwestern; Texas Lutheran Accept Football Affiliate Membership Offer from ASC . December 3, 2015 . December 21, 2015 . scacsports.com.
  19. Austin College; Trinity Accept Football Affiliate Membership Offer from SAA . November 18, 2015 . December 21, 2015 . scacsports.com.
  20. xxx . July 1, 2018 . July 31, 2018 . scacsports.com.
  21. Web site: DePauw Accepts Invitation to Join North Coast Athletic Conference . susanhacker@depauw.edu . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100630052100/http://susanhacker@depauw.edu/ath/news.asp?ID=25449 . June 30, 2010 . dead.
  22. Web site: University of Dallas to join Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference - Dallas . Udallasathletics.com . September 22, 2010 . July 20, 2015.
  23. Web site: Four schools consider SCAC departure in 2012 . thedepauw . July 20, 2015 . dead . https://archive.today/20120919120823/http://www.thedepauw.com/sports/four-schools-consider-scac-departure-in-2012-1.2225563 . September 19, 2012 .
  24. Web site: Major Changes for the SCAC Following 2011–12 Academic Year - SCAC . Scacsports.com . June 7, 2011 . July 20, 2015.
  25. Web site: Centenary College to Join Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference. centenary.edu. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120706153945/http://www.centenary.edu/news/2011/0000122. July 6, 2012.
  26. Web site: Schreiner University . https://archive.today/20120805125538/http://www.schreiner.edu/news/2012/news12_jan23_SCAC123.html . dead . August 5, 2012 . schreiner.edu .
  27. Web site: Texas Lutheran University Bulldogs - Texas Lutheran University to join Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference . Tlubulldogs.com . July 20, 2015.
  28. Web site: Southwestern; Texas Lutheran Accept Football Affiliate Membership Offer from ASC . Scacsports.com. December 3, 2015 . December 25, 2015.
  29. Johnson & Wales (Denver) Becomes Ninth SCAC Member. Southern Collegiate Athletic Association. February 21, 2017. February 21, 2017.
  30. Web site: UNIVERSITY OF ST. THOMAS ANNOUNCES NCAA DIVISION III EXPLORATORY MEMBERSHIP. February 14, 2018.
  31. JWU Denver ends all athletic programs . JWU Denver Athletics . June 26, 2020 . June 27, 2020.
  32. Web site: McMurry University Set to Join SCAC in 2024-25. Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference . October 31, 2022. November 16, 2022.
  33. Web site: SCAC to Reinstate Football; Adds Lyon as Affiliate for 2024 Season . Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference . November 2, 2022. November 16, 2022.
  34. Web site: HISTORICALLY CONSISTENT SEASON EARNS TRINITY 11TH STRAIGHT SCAC PRESIDENTS' TROPHY . Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference . March 9, 2023.
  35. Web site: 2024-03-21 . Burns Wins 400 IM Title as #18 Trinity Women Move to 11th at NCAAs . 2024-03-31 . Trinity University . en.
  36. Web site: Final DIIIStandings (PDF) . 2022-12-27 . National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics . en.
  37. Web site: Rice should take note of Trinity's peace of mind . 2006-05-30 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070313013428/http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2004_3761186 . 2007-03-13 .
  38. Web site: Are you ready for some football? . 2009-01-02 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100620124707/http://www.bsc.edu/communications/southern/summer07/features.pdf . 2010-06-20 .