Collagen, type XIX, alpha 1 explained

Collagen alpha-1(XIX) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL19A1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes the alpha chain of type XIX collagen, a member of the FACIT collagen family (fibril-associated collagens with interrupted helices). Although the function of this collagen is not known, other members of this collagen family are found in association with fibril-forming collagens such as type I and II, and serve to maintain the integrity of the extracellular matrix. The transcript produced from this gene has an unusually large 3' UTR which has not been completely sequenced.^[3]

Further reading

• Yoshioka H, Zhang H, Ramirez F . Synteny between the loci for a novel FACIT-like collagen locus (D6S228E) and alpha 1 (IX) collagen (COL9A1) on 6q12-q14 in humans. . Genomics . 13 . 3 . 884–6 . 1992 . 1639419 . 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90176-S . etal.
• Inoguchi K, Yoshioka H, Khaleduzzaman M, Ninomiya Y . The mRNA for alpha 1(XIX) collagen chain, a new member of FACITs, contains a long unusual 3' untranslated region and displays many unique splicing variants. . J. Biochem. . 117 . 1 . 137–46 . 1995 . 7775380 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124700.
• Myers JC, Yang H, D'Ippolito JA . The triple-helical region of human type XIX collagen consists of multiple collagenous subdomains and exhibits limited sequence homology to alpha 1(XVI). . J. Biol. Chem. . 269 . 28 . 18549–57 . 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32344-X . 8034603 . etal. free .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Sumiyoshi H, Inoguchi K, Khaleduzzaman M . Ubiquitous expression of the alpha1(XIX) collagen gene (Col19a1) during mouse embryogenesis becomes restricted to a few tissues in the adult organism. . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 27 . 17104–11 . 1997 . 9202028 . 10.1074/jbc.272.27.17104 . etal. free .
• Khaleduzzaman M, Sumiyoshi H, Ueki Y . Structure of the human type XIX collagen (COL19A1) gene, which suggests it has arisen from an ancestor gene of the FACIT family. . Genomics . 45 . 2 . 304–12 . 1998 . 9344653 . 10.1006/geno.1997.4921 . etal.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241. etal . 2002PNAS...9916899M. free .
• Myers JC, Li D, Amenta PS . Type XIX collagen purified from human umbilical cord is characterized by multiple sharp kinks delineating collagenous subdomains and by intermolecular aggregates via globular, disulfide-linked, and heparin-binding amino termini. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 34 . 32047–57 . 2003 . 12788917 . 10.1074/jbc.M304629200 . etal. free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . etal. 2003Natur.425..805M . free .
• Käpylä J, Jäälinoja J, Tulla M . The fibril-associated collagen IX provides a novel mechanism for cell adhesion to cartilaginous matrix. . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 49 . 51677–87 . 2005 . 15383545 . 10.1074/jbc.M409412200 . etal. free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928. etal.

Notes and References

1. Myers JC, Sun MJ, D'Ippolito JA, Jabs EW, Neilson EG, Dion AS . Human cDNA clones transcribed from an unusually high-molecular-weight RNA encode a new collagen chain . Gene . 123 . 2 . 211–7 . Mar 1993 . 7916703 . 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90126-N.
2. Gerecke DR, Olson PF, Koch M, Knoll JH, Taylor R, Hudson DL, Champliaud MF, Olsen BR, Burgeson RE . Complete primary structure of two splice variants of collagen XII, and assignment of alpha 1(XII) collagen (COL12A1), alpha 1(IX) collagen (COL9A1), and alpha 1(XIX) collagen (COL19A1) to human chromosome 6q12-q13 . Genomics . 41 . 2 . 236–42 . Jul 1997 . 9143499 . 10.1006/geno.1997.4638 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: COL19A1 collagen, type XIX, alpha 1.