Battle of Cold Harbor order of battle: Confederate explained
The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Cold Harbor (May 31–June 12, 1864) of the American Civil War. The Union order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the army organization[1] during the battle[2] and the reports.[3]
Abbreviations used
Military rank
Other
Army of Northern Virginia
See main article: Army of Northern Virginia. Gen Robert E. Lee, Commanding
General Staff:
First Corps
See main article: First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. MG Richard H. Anderson[4]
Second Corps
See main article: Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. MG Jubal A. Early[12]
Third Corps
See main article: Third Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. LTG Ambrose P. Hill
Cavalry Corps
See main article: Cavalry Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. MG Wade Hampton[42] [43]
Breckinridge's Division
Hoke's Division
| width=25% | Division | width=25% | Brigade | Regiments and Others |
|---|
Hoke's Division[60]
MG Robert F. Hoke | Martin's Brigade
BG James G. Martin | - 17th North Carolina
- 42nd North Carolina
- 66th North Carolina
|
Clingman's Brigade
BG Thomas L. Clingman | - 8th North Carolina
- 31st North Carolina
- 51st North Carolina
- 61st North Carolina
|
Hagood's Brigade
BG Johnson Hagood | - 11th South Carolina
- 21st South Carolina
- 25th South Carolina
- 27th South Carolina
- 7th South Carolina Battalion[61]
|
Colquitt's Brigade
BG Alfred H. Colquitt | - 6th Georgia
- 19th Georgia
- 23rd Georgia
- 27th Georgia
- 28th Georgia
|
Read's Artillery Battalion[62]
Maj John P. W. Read | - Blount's (Virginia) Battery
- Caskie's (Virginia) Battery
- Macon's (Virginia) Battery
- Marshall's (Virginia) Battery
| |
See also
References
- Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
- Rhea, Gordon C. Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002.
- Sibley, Jr., F. Ray, The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, 1996.
- U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880 - 1901.
- Wise, Jennings C., The Long Arm of Lee, Volumen 2: Chancellorsville to Appomattox, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln and London, 1991
- Wittenberg, Eric J. Glory Enough For All: Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station. Washington, DC: Brassey's, Inc, 2001.
Notes and References
- Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the battle or the campaign.
- Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, pages 66-76
- Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 1162–1168
- Promoted to temporary rank of Lieutenant General (Nominated May 31, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of the First Corps June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, pages 873; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 105 and 787)
- Promoted to Major General (Nominated June 1, 1864 with date of rank 18 May 1864) and assigned to permanent command of McLaws' old Division on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 873; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 331 and 789)
- Turned over command to Colonel Simms on June 2, 1864 (see: Simms' report)
- Promoted to Brigadier General (Nominated June 1, 1864 with date of rank 6 May 1864), but was not formally assigned until June 27, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XL, Part 2, page 694; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 142 and 792)
- Organisation of Pickett's Division taken from F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 67
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 10, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864), but was not formally assigned until June 27, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XL, Part 2, page 694; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 525 and 799)
- For Barton in command see: Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, page 120. F. Ray Sibley lists Brigadier General Birkett D. Fry in command.
- Until the army went into the Richmond-Petersburg lines, Lamkin's Battery served as Sharpshooters (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 285/Note 84)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Lieutenant General (Nominated May 31, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of the Second Corps June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, pages 873; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 221 and 788)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Major General (Nominated May 31, 1864 with date of rank 1 June 1864) and assigned to temporary command of Early's Division on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 874; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 444 and 790)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 2, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864). Lilley was in command 2 June 1864. (see: John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 348 and 796; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 286/Note 101)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 2, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of Johnston's Brigade on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 874; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 532 and 799)
- Gordon C. Rhea incorrectly lists Hoke's Brigade in Pickett's Division (see: Ewell's report; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 286/Note 115)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 2, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of Pegram's Brigade on June 4, 1864. Lewis never assumed command of Pegram's Brigade, but continued in command of Hoke's Brigade. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 874; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 347 and 795; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 67)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 2, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of Hays' and Stafford's Brigade on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 874; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 532 and 800)
- Promoted to Brigadier General (Nominated May 28, 1864 with date of rank 19 May 1864) and assigned to permanent command of Daniel's Brigade on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 873; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 269 and 794)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 2, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of Ramseur's Brigade on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 874; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 532 and 792)
- Gordon C. Rhea incorrectly lists the 26th Alabama in Battle's Brigade. But the 26th Alabama was exchanged on February 12, 1864 for the 61st Alabama. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXIII, page 1176; 26th Alabama Infantry Regiment)
- Gordon C. Rhea don't lists the 21st Georgia in Doles' Brigade. The 21st Georgia rejoined the Brigade on May 21, 1864. (see: Ewell's report; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 289/Note 171)
- Artillery organisation for the Second Corps taken from F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, pages 70-71
- Long was ill from May 29-June 1, 1864 (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 289/Note 182)
- Commanded artillery division; also second in command (see: Long's report; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 289/Note 182)
- Cutshaw was back in command of his own Artillery Battalion June 2, 1864 (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 289/Note 189)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Major General (Nominated June 1, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to temporary command of Anderson's Division on June 4, 1864, but declined commission as temporary Major General June 7, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, pages 873-874; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 361 and 789)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 6, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) and assigned to command of Perrin's Brigade (see: John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 469 and 798)
- Promoted to temporary rank of Brigadier General (Nominated June 6, 1864 with date of rank 31 May 1864) but the commission was cancelled because of lack of vacancy (see: John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 559 and 799)
- Perry's and Finegan's Brigade were consolidated under Finegan. The consolidation took place on May 28, 1864. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 843; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 290/Note 219)
- The 1st Florida Battalion was merged into the 10th Florida on June 8, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 883; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 291/Note 224)
- The 2nd Florida Battalion was merged into the 10th and 11th Florida on June 8, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 883; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 291/Note 224 and 226)
- The 4th Florida Battalion was merged into the 11th Florida on June 8, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 883; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 291/Note 224)
- The 6th Florida Battalion became the 9th Florida (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 291/Note 224 and 228)
- Gordon C. Rhea don't lists the 1st Confederate Battalion in Davis' Brigade. The 1st Confederate Battalion joined Davis' Brigade together with the 26th Mississippi before the Battle of the Wilderness. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXII, part 3, pages 672, 674 and 676; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXIII, page 954; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 850; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 291/Note 230; 2nd Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Chapter 5, Note 113)
- Promoted to rank of Brigadier General (Nominated May 14, 1864 with date of rank 24 May 1864), but was not formally assigned (temporary) until June 9, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XL, Part 2, page 883; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 245 and 793)
- Hunt was promoted to Colonel on June 8, 1864 (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 292/Note 269)
- Promoted to Brigadier General (Nominated May 30, 1864 with date of rank 1 June 1864) and assigned to temporary command of McGowan's Brigade on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 873; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 182 and 792)
- Sick during much of the campaign, frequently led by Colonel William L. J. Lowrance
- Zimmerman's battery was transferred to the Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida on June 4, 1864 (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 293/Note 290)
- For the Washington Artillery Battalion see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 74
- Following Major General Stuart's death on May 12, 1864, General Lee left the top position in his cavalry corps unfilled (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 2, page 1001)
- Major General Hampton with Fitzhugh Lee's and his own Division and Griffin's, Hart's, Thomson's and Shoemaker's Batteries and one section of Johnston's Battery from the Horse Artillery under Major Chew and Major Breathed detached against Sheridan's Raid on June 8, 1864, which culminated in the Battle of Trevilian Station (see: Hampton's report; Eric J. Wittenberg, Glory Enough For All: Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station, pages 43-44 and 333-334)
- The 7th Georgia was assigned to Young's Brigade on June 7, 1864 (see: Eric J. Wittenberg, Glory Enough For All: Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station, page 14)
- The 20th Georgia Battalion was ordered to join the Army of Northern Virginia on May 25, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, pages 831-832), arrived on May 28, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee, May 26 – June 3, 1864, page 67) and was assigned to Young's Brigade on June 7, 1864 (see: Eric J. Wittenberg, Glory Enough For All: Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station, page 14)
- The 1st Maryland Cavalry was assigned to Lomax's Cavalry Brigade and Griffin's Battery was assigned to Breathed's Horse Artillery Battalion (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 76; Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, page 425/Note 53)
- According to F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 76 the 4th North Carolina was also in Gordon's Brigade.
- Promoted to Brigadier General (Nominated May 30, 1864 with date of rank 1 June 1864) and assigned to permanent command of Gordon's Brigade on June 4, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 873; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 118 and 791)
- Gary's Command is not mentioned in Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle
- According to Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle, the 7th South Carolina was in Butler's Brigade with the following explanation: On May 29, 1864, Brigadier General Martin W. Gary arrived with the 7th South Carolina. During the actions in this book, the 7th South Carolina operated under Butler, although Gary was ostensibly exercising independent command.
- Breckinridge's Division (except King's Artillery Battalion and the Maryland Line) was ordered back to the Shenandoah Valley on June 7, 1864 (see: Pendleton's report; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 294/Note 314)
- Organisation of McLaughlin's Artillery Battalion taken from Jennings C. Wise, The Long Arm of Lee, Volumen 2: Chancellorsville to Appomattox, pages 802-803. F. Ray Sibley in The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 75 lists also Lowry's (Virginia) Battery in McLaughlin's Artillery Battalion which was also known as Company C, Wise Legion Artillery. Gordon C. Rhea in Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle lists only Chapman's and Jackson's Batteries in McLaughlin's Artillery Battalion.
- Kings's Artillery Battalion was also known as the 13th Virginia Artillery Battalion (see: Pendleton's report)
- Organisation of Kings's Artillery Battalion taken from Jennings C. Wise, The Long Arm of Lee, Volumen 2: Chancellorsville to Appomattox, page 803 and F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 75. King's Artillery Battalion is not mentioned by Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle.
- Lieutenant Colonel King was ordered to accompanied Breckinridge to the Shenandoah Valley on May 10, 1864 (see: Pendleton's report; Official Records, Series I, Volume LI, Part 2, page 1000)
- Major Gibbes was assigned to King's Artillery Battalion on June 10, 1864 (see: Pendleton's report)
- Temporarily attached to Breckinridge's Division
- Assigned to Pegram's Battalion, Artillery, Third Corps on June 3, 1864 (see: Pendleton's report; F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 293/Note 289)
- Not mentioned by F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, pages 74-76
- Hoke's Division joined the Army of Northern Virginia on May 31, 1864 (see: F. Ray Sibley, Jr., The Confederate Order of Battle, Volume 1, The Army of Northern Virginia, page 293/Note 296)
- Not mentioned by Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle
- Read's Artillery Battalion was also known as the 38th Virginia Artillery Battalion
