Coat of arms of Hungary explained

Coat of arms of Hungary
Middle Caption:	The coat of arms may also be used in other historical forms.^[1]
Image4:	Ströhl-HA-Ungarischer Herold.png
Image4 Width:	120
Image4 Caption:	Herald's tabard
Armiger:	Hungary
Year Adopted:	11 July 1990^[2]
Crest:	Holy Crown of Hungary
Shield:	Barry of eight Gules and Argent, impaling Gules, on a trimount Vert a ducal coronet Or issuing therefrom a Patriarchal cross Argent

The coat of arms of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország címere) was adopted on 11 July 1990, after the end of communist rule. The arms have been used before, both with and without the Holy Crown of Hungary, sometimes as part of a larger, more complex coat of arms, and its elements date back to the Middle Ages.

The shield is split into two parts:

• The dexter (the right side from the bearer's perspective, the left side from the viewer's) features the so-called Árpád stripes, four Gules (red) and four Argent (silver) stripes. Traditionally, the silver stripes represent four rivers: Duna (Danube), Tisza, Dráva, and Száva.^[3]
• The sinister (the left side from the bearer's perspective, the right side from the viewer's) consists of an Argent (silver) double cross on Gules (red) base, situated inside a small Or (golden) crown, the crown is placed on the middle heap of three Vert (green) hills, representing the mountain ranges (trimount) Tátra, Mátra, and Fátra.

Atop the shield rests the Holy Crown of St. Stephen (Stephen I of Hungary, István király), a crown that remains in the Parliament building (Országház) in Budapest today.^[4]

History

Kingdom of Hungary

The most common motifs of the ninth and the early tenth centuries -the griffin, wolf and hind- seldom figure in later Hungarian iconography and heraldic symbolism, however the Hawk or Turul which in shamanistic lore rested upon the tree of life connecting the earth with the netherworld and the skies preserved for longer as a device belonging to the ruling house.^[5]

Honours

• In May and June 1946 a set of eight stamps of Coat of arms of Hungary was issued. These are the issues of inflation.^[14]
• Further, a fourteen-stamp set of Arms and Post-horn were issued May and June 1946; these are also the issues of inflation.^[15]
• Four commemorative stamps were issued on 15 March 1948 as part of the series: Centenary of the beginning of Hungary's war for Independence.^[16]
• On 20 August 1949 three stamps of Arms of Hungary were issued on the occasion of the Adoption of the Hungarian Peoples' Republic's Constitution.^[17]
• On 23 May 1958 three stamps were issued to commemorate the first anniversary of the law amending the constitution.^[18]
• Between 1941–45 as many as 44 Postage-Due stamps of various denominations, watermarks and paper were issued.^[19]

Some other stamps were also issued.

See also

• Coat of arms of Slovakia
• Coat of arms of Budapest
• Hungarian heraldry

References

• Bálint Hóman

A magyar címer történetéhez ("Additions to the history of the coat of arms of Hungary"), 1920 http://mek.oszk.hu/07100/07139/html/0010/0019-392.html (Hungarian)

• Iván Bertényi: Államcímerünk kialakulása ("Emergence of the state coat of arms"), 2003 https://web.archive.org/web/20070312065143/http://www.historia.hu/archivum/2003/0302bertenyi.htm (Hungarian)
• József Laszlovszky: A magyar címer története ("History of the Hungarian coat of arms"), Egyetemi Nyomda, Budapest, 1989, p. 39

13. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1958/page/4. Mi:HU 1529A-32A, Sn:HU 1191–93, Yt:HU 1245–47.14. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1941/page/4,5. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1942/page/4. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1944/page/2,3.colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1945/page/10,11,12.

External links

• The Hungarian Coat of Arms
• History of the Coat of Arms of Hungary from Szeged University (in Hungarian, with pictures)
• Hungarian Coat of Arms (in French, with pictures)
• 2011 CCII law (on the use of Hungary's coat of arms and flag, as well as awards) from njt.hu

Notes and References

1. Web site: National Symbols: The Coat of Arms. www.keh.hu. Office of the President of the Republic. 12 February 2017. en. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20210925121739/http://www.keh.hu/the_coat_of_arms/1576-Coat_of_arms. 25 September 2021.
2. Web site: 1990. évi XLIV. törvény a Magyar Köztársaság Alkotmányának módosításáról. Act XLIV of 1990 on the Amendment of the Constitution of the Hungarian Republic. hu.wikisource.org. 12 February 2017. hu.
3. Betsy Dru Tecco: How to Draw Hungary's Sights and Symbols, The Rosen Publishing Group, New York, 2005 https://books.google.com/books?id=n6vV6VQHMcAC&q=%22The+four+silver+stripes%22
4. Betsy Dru Tecco: How to Draw Hungary's Sights and Symbols, The Rosen Publishing Group, New York, 2005 https://books.google.com/books?id=n6vV6VQHMcAC&q=%22The+three+green+hills%22
5. Martyn C. Rady, Nobility, land and service in medieval Hungary, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, p.12
6. Web site: III. Béla magyar király címere 1172-1196 . Coat of arms of King Béla III of Hungary 1172-1196 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101655/https://magyarcimerek.hu/3316-magyarorszag . 2016-03-04 . Magyar Címerek.
7. Web site: Imre magyar király címere 1196-1204 . Coat of arms of King Emeric of Hungary 1196-1204 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20181001182424/https://magyarcimerek.hu/3317-magyarorszag . 2018-10-01 . Magyar Címerek.
8. Web site: II. András magyar király címere 1205-1235 . Coat of arms of King Andrew II of Hungary 1205-1235 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101655/https://magyarcimerek.hu/3318-magyarorszag . 2016-03-04 . Magyar Címerek.
9. Web site: V. István magyar király címere 1270-1272 . Coat of arms of King Stephen V 1270-1272 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20181001182700/https://magyarcimerek.hu/3323-magyarorszag . 2018-10-01 . Magyar Címerek.
10. Web site: III. András (Endre) magyar király címere 1290-1301 . Coat of arms of King Andrew III of Hungary 1290-1301 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20181001182424/https://magyarcimerek.hu/3338-magyarorszag . 2018-10-01 . Magyar Címerek.
11. Book: A Concise History of Hungary. registration . Cambridge University Press . 9780521667364. Molnár. Miklós. Miklós. Molnár. 2001-04-30.
12. Web site: Hungarian Nazis (Arrow Cross Party). Jewish Virtual Library. 4 August 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20110717094109/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/arrowcross.html. 17 July 2011. on October 15th, the Nazis transferred power into the hands of the Arrowcross Party.
13. Web site: Koronával vagy anélkül? ("With or without crown?"), Index.hu. 7 February 2009. 19 April 2014.
14. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1946/page/3. Mi:HU 897–904, Sn:HU 738–745, Yt:HU 788–795, AFA:HU 845–852.
15. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1946/page/4, 5. Mi:HU 905–918, Sn:HU 746–759, Yt:HU 796–813.
16. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1948/page/1. Mi:HU 1007–10, Sn:HU 836-39, Yt:HU 890-93, AFA:HU 981-84.
17. colnect.com/en/stamps/list/country/6955-Hungary/year/1949/page/2,3. Mi:HU 1053X-55X, Sn:HU 856-58, Yt:HU 913-15.
18. 13
19. 14