Climate of Rome explained

Rome and its metropolitan area has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa),^[1] with mild winters and hot summers. According to Troll-Paffen climate classification, Rome has a warm-temperate subtropical climate (Warmgemäßigt-subtropisches Zonenklima).^[2] According to Siegmund/Frankenberg climate classification, Rome has a subtropical climate.^[3]

Daylight

Rome is more southerly than most cities in Europe, and the duration of daylight throughout the year is more similar to Chicago or New York City (all three at approximately 40°N) than Berlin (~52°N) or Paris (48°N). Days in winter are not as short as in northern Europe, and the average duration of daylight in December, January and February is 10 hours (for comparison: London^[4] or Moscow^[5] or Warsaw^[6] – about 8 hours).

Average hours of daylight^[7]

Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
hours of light	10	11	12	13	15	15	15	14	12	11	10	9
hours of Twilight/Night	14	13	12	11	9	9	9	10	12	13	14	15

Sunshine and UV index

Sunshine duration is about 2,500-2,700 hours per year, from 147 – average 4.7 hours of sunshine per day in December to 338 – average 10.9 hours of sunshine per day in July. With the exception of Madrid,^[8] Lisbon^[9] and Athens,^[10] Rome has the highest UV index between European capitals (only in the continent) and values close to that of Chicago at 41.9 °N as ultraviolet radiation is less interfered with by other geographic variables, but with a moderate annual average with index equal to 5, which allows direct exposure to the sun at some times of the year. Values range from 1 (December) to 9 (July).^[11]

Climatic data

Recent data

1991-2020 period

Old data

1961-1990 period

See also

• Climate of Ancient Rome

Notes and References

1. Web site: World Map of Köppen−Geiger Climate Classification . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100906034159/http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/ . 2010-09-06 .
2. http://web.tiscali.it/linnets/Troll-Paffen.jpg Climatic map by Istituto Geografico De Agostini, according to Troll-Paffen climate classification
3. http://www.ph-heidelberg.de/geographie/forschung-und-entwicklung/klimakarte-der-erde.html Die Klimatypen der Erde
4. Web site: London Climate: Monthly Weather Averages, UK. Weather2Travel.com. Weather2Travel.com.
5. Web site: Moscow Climate: Monthly Weather Averages, Russia (Europe). Weather2Travel.com. Weather2Travel.com.
6. Web site: Warsaw Climate: Monthly Weather Averages, Poland. Weather2Travel.com. Weather2Travel.com.
7. http://www.weather2travel.com/climate-guides/italy/rome.php Rome Climate
8. Web site: Madrid, Spain - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast. Yu Media Group. Weather Atlas. en. 2019-07-03.
9. Web site: Lisbon, Portugal - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast. Yu Media Group. Weather Atlas. en. 2019-07-03.
10. Web site: Athens, Greece - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast. Yu Media Group. Weather Atlas. en. 2019-07-03.
11. Web site: Rome, Italy - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast. Yu Media Group. Weather Atlas. en. 2019-07-03.
12. http://www.seatemperature.org/europe/italy/civitavecchia-december.htm Monthly Civitavecchia water temperature chart
13. http://www.seatemperature.org/europe/italy/tor-san-lorenzo-december.htm Monthly Tor San Lorenzo water temperature chart