Climate change in Azerbaijan explained

Climate change has had serious consequences in Azerbaijan since the start of the 21st century. The climate of Azerbaijan was 1.3 degrees hotter by 2010.[1] The Caspian Sea is shrinking.[2] Azerbaijan will host the 2024 United Nations Climate Change Conference, known as COP29.[3]

Description

Climate Trace estimates 2022 greenhouse gas emissions will reach 91 million tonnes CO2eq, with over 40% of emissions from fossil fuel production.[4] The petroleum industry in Azerbaijan exports fossil gas. Over 90% of exports from Azerbaijan are petroleum-based.[5] Azerbaijan has over 7 billion barrels of proven crude oil reserves under the Caspian Sea.[6] Energy consumption is estimated at about 16% of GHG, while transportation is estimated at about 10% of GHG.

The climate of Azerbaijan has increased by 1.3 degrees, while extreme weather events are increasing.[7] The water level of the Caspian Sea is falling.Forests in the Caucasus are affected.[8] Ecological problems on the coast are being worsened by climate change.[9]

In the post-Soviet economic period, the Azerbaijani economy has become state-controlled and oil-based. Oil is the main contributor to the Azerbaijan economy; decreases in oil prices negatively affect the entire country. Cotton may be the most affected agriculture in Azerbaijan, which is sensitive to climate change.[10] [11] In 2023, the Minister of Agriculture reported that the country is engaging in climate-smart agriculture.[12] Fishing is affected.[13] Stranded assets are a long-term risk.[14] Azerbaijani health may suffer from the extreme heat and a longer malaria season.[15]

Mitigation and adaptation

there is no net zero target. There are intermediate GHG reduction targets. The country's second Nationally Determined Contribution includes a 40% reduction compared to 1990.[16] It may be possible to produce low-carbon hydrogen.[17]

A national adaptation plan is hoped to be published in 2024.[18] COP29 is being hosted in Baku in 2024, probably in November; it will be the third oil-producing country in a row to host the conference.[19] Cooperative Mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement may be discussed.[20] Some have criticised that the country was chosen to host COP29 and say that environmental activists are repressed.[21] Media freedom in Azerbaijan is restricted, including around discussions of climate change.[22]

There is a Youth Climate Envoys programme.[23]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Azerbaijan . 2023-12-09 . EU4Climate . en-US.
  2. Samant . Rohit . Prange . Matthias . 2023-10-07 . Climate-driven 21st century Caspian Sea level decline estimated from CMIP6 projections . Communications Earth & Environment . en . 4 . 1 . 357 . 10.1038/s43247-023-01017-8 . 2023ComEE...4..357S . 2662-4435. free .
  3. News: Plumer . Brad . Bearak . Max . 2023-12-09 . Azerbaijan Is Expected to Host the U.N. Climate Summit in 2024 . en-US . The New York Times . 2024-01-03 . 0362-4331.
  4. Web site: Country Inventory - Climate TRACE . 2023-12-09 . climatetrace.org . en.
  5. Vidadili . Nurtaj . Suleymanov . Elchin . Bulut . Cihan . Mahmudlu . Ceyhun . 2017 . Transition to renewable energy and sustainable energy development in Azerbaijan . Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews . en . 80 . 1153–1161 . 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.168.
  6. Book: Philander, S. George . Encyclopedia of Global Warming and Climate Change, Second Edition . 2012-06-13 . SAGE Publications . 978-1-5063-2075-5 . 113 . en.
  7. Web site: Inputs for OHCHR's Analytical Study on the Impacts of Climate Change on the Enjoyment of the Right to Health (Human Rights Council Resolution 29/15) Contribution by Azerbaijan .
  8. Mammadov . Tofig . 2021-12-15 . Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Forestry in Azerbaijan . Natural Products and Biotechnology . en . 1 . 2 . 96–105 . 2791-674X.
  9. Mammadov . T. S. . Balapour . Sh. . 2015-01-01 . Climate Change Impacts on Azerbaijan Biodiversity in the Caspian Sea . Procedia Environmental Sciences . Agriculture and Climate Change - Adapting Crops to Increased Uncertainty (AGRI 2015) . 29 . 4 . 10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.124 . 1878-0296. free .
  10. Web site: 2023-02-02 . Climate-Smart Agriculture Shows Promise in Improving Azerbaijan's Cotton Productivity . 2023-12-12 . www.iaea.org . en.
  11. Web site: Investments and Policy Reforms Towards Low-Carbon Transition and Resilience are in Azerbaijan's Economic Interest, says WBG Report . 2023-12-12 . World Bank . en.
  12. Web site: FAO 2023 conference .
  13. Web site: 2023-11-03 . Climate change affects amount of fish caught in Caspian Sea . 2023-12-12 . Azernews.Az . en.
  14. Web site: Climate Change 'Stranded Assets' Are a Long-Term Risk for Some Sovereigns . 2023-12-12 . www.fitchratings.com.
  15. Web site: risk profile .
  16. Web site: 2023-10-12 . Azerbaijan unveils new 2050 climate target in its NDC Enerdata . 2023-12-12 . www.enerdata.net . en.
  17. Web site: 2022-11-23 . Green Growth: Mirage or Reality for Azerbaijan's Future? . 2023-12-13 . blogs.worldbank.org . en.
  18. Web site: World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal . 2023-12-12 . climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org . en.
  19. Web site: Event: 2024 UN Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC COP 29) SDG Knowledge Hub IISD . 2023-12-13 . en-US.
  20. News: COP28 kicks carbon trading down the road as EU blocks deal .
  21. Web site: 2023-12-13 . Controversy as COP29 to be held in Azerbaijan . 2023-12-13 . OC Media . en-US.
  22. Web site: Lo . Joe . 2023-12-09 . Oil-reliant Azerbaijan chosen to host Cop29 climate talks . 2023-12-13 . Climate Home News . en.
  23. Web site: Young people in Azerbaijan embark on a climate action journey UNICEF Europe and Central Asia . 2023-12-13 . www.unicef.org . en.

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