Clifton, New Jersey Explained

Clifton, New Jersey
Settlement Type:City
Nickname:"The City that Cares"[1]
Mapsize:250x200px
Image Map1:Census_Bureau_map_of_Clifton,_New_Jersey.png
Mapsize1:250x200px
Map Caption1:Census Bureau map of Clifton, New Jersey

Pushpin Map:USA New Jersey Passaic County#USA New Jersey#USA
Pushpin Label:Clifton
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in Passaic County##Location in New Jersey##Location in the United States
Pushpin Relief:yes
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Passaic
Government Type:1923 Municipal Manager Law
Governing Body:City Council
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Raymond Grabowski (term ends December 31, 2026)[2]
Leader Title1:Manager
Leader Name1:Dominick Villano[3]
Leader Title2:Municipal clerk
Leader Name2:Nancy Ferrigno[4]
Established Title:Incorporated
Established Date:April 26, 1917
Unit Pref:Imperial
Area Footnotes:[5]
Area Total Km2:29.60
Area Land Km2:29.20
Area Water Km2:0.40
Area Total Sq Mi:11.43
Area Land Sq Mi:11.28
Area Water Sq Mi:0.15
Area Water Percent:1.37
Area Rank:197th of 565 in state
4th of 16 in county[6]
Population As Of:2020
Population Total:90296
Population Rank:394th in country (as of 2021)
11th of 565 in state
2nd of 16 in county[7]
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Density Sq Mi:8008.5
Population Density Rank:51st of 565 in state
4th of 16 in county
Population Est:88461
Pop Est As Of:2023
Timezone:Eastern (EST)
Utc Offset:−05:00
Timezone Dst:Eastern (EDT)
Utc Offset Dst:−04:00
Elevation Footnotes:[8]
Elevation Ft:131
Coordinates Footnotes:[9]
Coordinates:40.8621°N -74.1604°W
Postal Code Type:ZIP Codes
Postal Code:07011–07015[10] [11]
Area Code:973[12]
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank Info:3403113690[13] [14]
Blank1 Name:GNIS feature ID
Blank1 Info:0885188[15]

Clifton is a city in Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Criss-crossed by several major highways, the city is a regional commercial hub for North Jersey and is a bedroom suburb of New York City in the New York Metropolitan Area.[16] As of the 2020 United States Census, the city retained its position as the state's 11th-most-populous municipality, just behind tenth-ranked Trenton, and well ahead of Cherry Hill in twelfth place,[17] with a population of 90,296, reflecting an overall increase of 6,160 (+7.3%) from the 2010 census count of 84,136, which in turn reflected an overall increase of 5,464 (+6.9%) from the 78,672 counted in the 2000 census.[18] The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 88,461 for 2023, making Clifton the 394th-most populous municipality in the nation.[19]

Clifton was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 26, 1917, replacing Acquackanonk Township, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier.[20] Clifton is listed under five different ZIP codes. 07011, 07012, 07013, 07014, and 07015.[21] Clifton has been named as one of the best cities to live in the United States.[22]

History

The city of Clifton turned 100 years old in April 2017, but documented European settlements in the area date back to 1679, when a leader of the Lenape Native Americans gave a deed for along the shores of the Passaic River to Hans Frederick.[23] The modern name of "Clifton" was derived from the cliffs of Garrett Mountain, which borders the Albion Place neighborhood in the western part of the city. Clifton was once an agricultural hub, and home to the U.S. Animal Quarantine Station, which was operated in Clifton by the United States Department of Agriculture, starting in 1903. It was served by the Newark Branch of the Erie–Lackawanna Railroad. It was the primary location on the East Coast where animals from poultry, horses, and cattle, to zoo animals, were held in quarantine after being brought into the United States, to ensure that the animals were not infected with diseases that could be spread in the U.S. The federal station operated in Clifton until the late 1970s, when the facility was relocated to Stewart International Airport.[24]

Although Clifton has long converted from farmlands to suburban neighborhoods, given its close proximity to Manhattan, the city still has three small working farms that sell fresh and organic vegetables in-season:

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 11.43 square miles (29.60 km2), including 11.27 square miles (29.19 km2) of land and 0.16 square miles (0.41 km2) of water (1.37%).

The Passaic River provides part of the boundary of Clifton at its northeastern edge. Weasel Brook is a tributary of the Passaic, which links from Plog Brook, passing through its namesake Weasel Brook Park, before turning south and joining the Passaic River close to Route 21.

Unincorporated communities, localities, and place names, located partially or completely within the city, include:[28]

Clifton is located off both Route 3 and Route 46, and is situated west of Midtown Manhattan, which is accessible via the Lincoln Tunnel. The city is also served by the Garden State Parkway, Route 19 and Route 21; all of those highways pass either around or through parts of the city.

The city borders the municipalities of Little Falls, Passaic, Paterson, and Woodland Park in Passaic County; Elmwood Park, Garfield, Lyndhurst, and Rutherford in Bergen County, and Bloomfield, Montclair, and Nutley in Essex County.[30] [31] [32]

Demographics

2020 census

Clifton, New Jersey – Racial and ethnic composition
!Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)!Pop 1990[33] !Pop 2000[34] !Pop 2010[35] ![36] !% 1990!% 2000!% 2010!
White alone (NH)63,39653,20644,870style='background: #ffffe6; 39,25088.37%67.63%53.33%style='background: #ffffe6; 43.47%
Black or African American alone (NH)8612,0023,235style='background: #ffffe6; 3,8991.20%2.54%3.84%style='background: #ffffe6; 4.32%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)6164105style='background: #ffffe6; 890.09%0.08%0.12%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.10%
Asian alone (NH)2,4395,0287,401style='background: #ffffe6; 8,4143.40%6.39%8.80%style='background: #ffffe6; 9.32%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)N/A911style='background: #ffffe6; 14N/A0.01%0.01%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.02%
Other race alone (NH)108226318style='background: #ffffe6; 6070.15%0.29%0.38%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.67%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)N/A2,5291,342style='background: #ffffe6; 1,864N/A3.21%1.60%style='background: #ffffe6; 2.06%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)4,87715,60826,854style='background: #ffffe6; 36,1596.80%19.84%31.92%style='background: #ffffe6; 40.04%
Total71,74278,67284,136style='background: #ffffe6; 90,296100.00%100.00%100.00%style='background: #ffffe6; 100.00%

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 84,136 people, 30,661 households, and 21,125 families in the city. The population density was . There were 31,946 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup was 69.63% (58,588) White, 4.92% (4,137) Black or African American, 0.50% (419) Native American, 8.90% (7,488) Asian, 0.03% (22) Pacific Islander, 12.44% (10,464) from other races, and 3.59% (3,018) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 31.92% (26,854) of the population.

Of the 30,661 households, 30.3% had children under the age of 18; 50.3% were married couples living together; 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present and 31.1% were non-families. Of all households, 26.0% were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.33.

22.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.4 years. For every 100 females, the population had 93.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 90.4 males.

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $62,271 (with a margin of error of +/− $3,208) and the median family income was $76,070 (+/− $2,883). Males had a median income of $49,780 (+/− $2,391) versus $40,149 (+/− $2,057) for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,812 (+/− $1,255). About 7.2% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.5% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.[37]

Same-sex couples headed 243 households in 2010.[38]

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States census there were 78,672 people, 30,244 households, and 20,354 families residing in the city. The population density was 6965.2sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 31,060 housing units at an average density of 2749.9sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the city was 66.22% White, 2.89% African American, 0.24% Native American, 6.44% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 9.60% from other races, and 4.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 19.84% of the population.[39] [40]

There were 30,244 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.3% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.7% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.20.[39] [40]

In the city the population was 21.6% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.[39] [40]

The median income for a household in the city was $50,619, and the median income for a family was $60,688. Males had a median income of $40,143 versus $32,090 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,638. About 4.3% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.[39] [40]

The most common ancestry groups in Clifton as of 2000 were Italian American (17%), Polish American (13%), Irish American (9%) and German American (8%).[41] Many Turkish, Albanian, and Ukrainian immigrants also live in Clifton. There are significant populations of Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Arabs, Filipinos, Chinese, and Indians as well.

Economy

Clifton is a diverse suburb of New York City, just over 10 miles to the West of the city. It boasts numerous national and local shopping options and countless specialty grocers and retailers. Notable local businesses in Clifton include:

Parks and recreation

Government

Local government

The city of Clifton is governed under the 1923 Municipal Manager Law. The city is one of seven municipalities (of the 564) statewide governed under this form.[47] The governing body is the City Council, which is comprised of seven council members, with all positions elected at-large on a non-partisan basis to concurrent four-terms of office as part of the November general election. The mayor is chosen by the City Council, with the position traditionally given to the top vote getter in the previous election.[48] [49] Clifton's municipal elections had been held in May, as required for municipalities conducting non-partisan elections. Following the passage of a state law in 2010 allowing non-partisan elections to be shifted to November, Clifton voters were overwhelmingly in favor of the move in a non-binding referendum held in November 2013. On December 13, 2013, the Clifton City Council voted 6–0, with one abstention, to make the move to November local elections binding, which had the effect of extending the terms of all sitting council members by six months, from June 30 to December 31. Officials cited increased voter participation and reduced costs as the justifications behind supporting the shift.[50]

As of 2023, Clifton's mayor is Raymond Grabowski, whose term of office ends December 31, 2026. He replaced James Anzaldi, who had been one of the members of the City Council since 1978, and was first selected to be mayor in 1990, succeeding two-term mayor Gloria Kolodziej. Anzaldi was the first mayor in Clifton's history to be elected to six terms.[51] The other current members of the City Council are William "Bill" Gibson, Antonio Latona, Joseph Kolodziej, Rosemary Pino, and Mary Sadrakula, all of whom are serving concurrent terms of office that end on December 31, 2026.[52] [53] [54] [55] [56] The seventh seat on the Council is currently held by Chris D'Amato, who was appointed to the Council in February 6, 2023 to fill a vacancy created when Lauren Murphy died on January 13 of that year.[57]

Grabowski's election and Council nomination as mayor ended up being considered the most contentious local political event since 1966, when the then-top vote getter, Bill Bate, the only Democrat on the Council at that time, ended up getting passed over in favor of Joseph Vanecek, as, this time around, Grabowski would only get four of the seven possible votes on the Council, as opposed to Anzaldi, who won most, if not all, of those votes unanimously, in each of his terms, with the other three votes going to newcomer Antonio Latona (Grabowski/Kolodziej/Murphy/Sadrakula voting for Grabowski; Gibson/Latona/Pino, surprisingly, voting for Latona, all despite Gibson reportedly privately considering taking enough of those votes away from Grabowski to become mayor himself as of January 2023, even though Grabowski won at the polls in November 2022 by the final margin of roughly 9,400–8,200).[58]

Vacancies

If at any time a seat becomes vacant on the council, it is filled by special election unless the vacancy occurs during a council election year. If the vacancy comes before a council election year, the council must decide whether or not to appoint someone to serve as an interim councilperson within thirty days of the creation of the vacancy; if they choose to appoint someone, that person serves until the special election can be held and is eligible to run for the remainder of the term if he/she so desires.[59] The appointee will usually be the first runner up in the previous council election.

The city has done this five times since 1990:

Federal, state and county representation

Clifton is located in the 9th Congressional District,[68] and is part of New Jersey's 27th state legislative district.[69]

As of the state legislative elections in November 2023, Clifton will be part of the 27th Legislative District, with both Clifton and Montclair leaving the 34th, and joining Livingston, Millburn, Roseland, and West Orange in Essex County, in that Legislative District;[70] that reapportionment decision represented compromise between state legislators in both parties - the initial Democratic plan would have kept the existing 34th District entirely intact, while the initial Republican plan would have added it to the 40th Legislative District, placing it with some of the longtime Republican-leaning municipalities in that district.[71]

Politics

As of January 2021, there were a total of 53,555 registered voters in Clifton, of which 22,940 (42.8% vs. 31.0% countywide) were registered Democrats, 9,562 (18% vs. 18.7%) were registered Republicans, and 20,150 (37.5% vs. 50.3%) were registered Unaffiliated. There were 19 voters registered to other parties.[72] Among the city's 2020 Census population, 52.9% (vs. 53.2% in Passaic County) were registered to vote, including 67.9% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 70.8% countywide).[72] [73]

In the 2020 presidential election, Democrat Joe Biden received 59% of the vote (23,930 cast), ahead of the then-President, Republican Donald Trump, with 39.7% of the vote (16,128 cast), and all other candidates with 1.3% of the vote (565 cast), among the 40,623 ballots cast by the city's 57,785 registered voters (70.3%).[74] In the 2016 presidential election, Democrat Hillary Clinton received 60% of the vote (20,425 votes cast), ahead of Republican Donald Trump with 37% (12,620 votes cast), and all other candidates with their combined 3% (973 votes).[75] In the 2012 presidential election, the then-President, Democrat Barack Obama, received 62.6% of the vote (18,761 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 36.3% (10,885 votes), and other candidates with 1.0% (305 votes), among the 30,261 ballots cast by the city's 47,933 registered voters (310 ballots were spoiled), for turnout of 63.1%.[76] [77] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 18,260 votes (56.5% vs. 58.8% countywide), ahead of Republican John McCain with 12,848 votes (39.8% vs. 37.7%) and other candidates with 334 votes (1.0% vs. 0.8%), among the 32,317 ballots cast by the city's 44,903 registered voters, for turnout of 72.0% (vs. 70.4% in Passaic County).[78] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 15,597 votes (52.0% vs. 53.9% countywide), ahead of the then-President, Republican George W. Bush, with 13,120 votes (43.8% vs. 42.7%), and other candidates with 228 votes (0.8% vs. 0.7%), among the 29,971 ballots cast by the city's 41,220 registered voters, for turnout of 72.7% (vs. 69.3% in the whole county).[79]

In the 2021 gubernatorial election, the incumbent governor, Democrat Phil Murphy, received 10,240 votes cast (54%), ahead of Republican Jack Ciattarelli with 8,485 votes cast (45%), and all other candidates with 200 combined votes (1%), among the 18,925 ballots cast by the city's 53,555 registered voters (35.3%);[80] despite Murphy winning by noticeably closer margins both locally and statewide compared to 2017, there were many more in-person votes cast once again, in contrast with 2020.[81] In the 2017 gubernatorial election, Democrat Phil Murphy received 9,465 votes cast (61.3%), ahead of Republican Kim Guadagno with 5,655 votes cast (36.7%), and all other candidates with 315 combined votes (2%), among the 15,435 ballots cast by the city's 52,065 registered voters (30%).[82] In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 56.0% of the vote (9,300 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 42.8% (7,100 votes), and other candidates with 1.2% (200 votes), among the 16,600 ballots cast by the city's 49,230 registered voters (361 ballots were spoiled), for turnout of 34.5%.[83] [84] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 9,080 ballots cast (49.1% vs. 50.8% countywide), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 8,220 votes (44.5% vs. 43.2%), Independent Chris Daggett with 787 votes (4.3% vs. 3.8%), and other candidates with 243 votes (1.3% vs. 0.9%), among the 18,330 ballots cast by the city's 43,800 registered voters, yielding 42.2% turnout (vs. 42.7% in the county).[85] In the 2005 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 9,925 votes cast (56.5%), ahead of Republican Doug Forrester with 7,038 votes cast (40%), and all other candidates with 625 votes cast (3.5%), among the 17,588 ballots cast by the city's 39,878 registered voters (46%). In the 2001 gubernatorial election, Jim McGreevey, the unsuccessful Democratic nominee in 1997, received 10,015 votes cast (55.5%), ahead of Republican Bret Schundler with 7,850 votes cast (43.5%), and all other candidates with 175 combined votes (1.5%), among the 18,040 total votes cast locally in said election.

Education

The Clifton Public Schools serve students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[86] As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of 18 schools, had an enrollment of 10,514 students and 870.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.1:1.[87] Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[88]) are Clifton Early Learner Academy[89] (377 students; in grades Pre-K), School One[90] (245; K–5), School Two[91] (385; K–5), School Three[92] (282; K–5), School Four[93] (141; K–5), School Five[94] (373; K–5), School Eight[95] (169; Pre-K–5), School Nine[96] (285; K–5), School Eleven[97] (415; K–5), School Twelve[98] (616; Pre-K–5), School Thirteen[99] (447; K–5), School Fourteen[100] (356; K–5), School Fifteen[101] (310; Pre-K–5), School Sixteen[102] (195; K–5), School Seventeen[103] (476; Pre-K–5), Christopher Columbus Middle School[104] (1,172; 6–8), Woodrow Wilson Middle School[105] (1,276; 6–8) and Clifton High School[106] (2,891; 9–12).[107] [108] [109]

With more than 3,300 students enrolled in 2006, Clifton High School was the largest single-facility high school in New Jersey; Elizabeth High School had more students, but they were spread over multiple campuses before the school was split into separate academies.[110] An additional overflow site, the Clifton High School Annex, was constructed at a cost of $17 million and opened in September 2009 to accommodate 540 of the school year's 850 incoming ninth graders to alleviate overcrowding.[111]

Classical Academy Charter School of Clifton, a charter school founded in 1998[112] for Clifton residents that provides an education based on the classics to students in sixth through eighth grades, was recognized in 2008 by the National Blue Ribbon Schools Program.[113]

Private schools in Clifton include Saint Philip Preparatory School, a K–8 elementary school that operates under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson.[114] St. Andrew the Apostle School was closed after the 2017–2018 school year due to financial challenges and a decline in the number of students registering for the new school year.[115] St. Brendan Catholic School, which opened in 1946, was closed after the 2018–2019 school year and merged with the Academy of St. James in Totowa, with the merged school to be called The Academy of St. James and St. Brendan.[116]

Emergency services

The Clifton Police Department is a full-service department, and employs 159 sworn officers, 20 public safety telecommunicators, 12 civilian officers, and 25 part-time special officers.[117] The department is led by Chief Thomas Rinaldi, who was named to the position in February 2020, and made full-time June 1, 2020.[118]

The Clifton Fire Department has 143 full-time firefighters. The department operates a fleet of five engines, two ladders, and three basic life support ambulances 24/7, along with three marine rescue boats, a foam pumper and tender, light rescue truck, and haz-mat unit, which are cross staffed. The department is led by Chief Frank S. Prezioso.[119]

Hatzolah of Passaic/Clifton EMS is a volunteer service that primarily covers the Passaic Park neighborhood of Passaic, and parts of Clifton. Hatzolah operates two ambulances strategically parked throughout the community, with a third on standby, available to assist neighboring chapters such as Union City and Elizabeth.[120]

Transportation

Roads and highways

, the city had a total of of roadways, of which were maintained by the municipality, by Passaic County, by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority.[121]

Major roadways in the city include Route 3 (which crosses from east to west along the southern portion of the city), Route 21 (along the Passaic River), Route 19 in the city's northwest and U.S. Route 46. The Garden State Parkway crosses the city, connecting Bloomfield in Essex County to the south to Elmwood Park in Bergen County in the north.[122] Parkway interchanges 153 (signed for Route 3 and Route 46 West) / 153A (for Route 3 East) / 153B (for Route 3 and Route 46 West), 154 (for Route 46), 155 (for Clifton) / 155P (for Passaic) and 156 (to Route 46).[123]

Public transportation

NJ Transit trains at the Clifton station[124] and Delawanna station[125] follow the NJ Transit Main Line to Suffern and Hoboken Terminal.[126] Until 1966, the Newark Branch of the Erie-Lackawanna Railroad served several stations in the town, Athenia (Colfax Avenue) and Allwood.[127] The Newark Branch tracks are now used for freight only, operated by Norfolk Southern.[128]

NJ Transit provides bus service on the 190, 191, 192 and 195 routes to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan, to Newark on the 13, 27 and 72 routes, and local service on the 74, 702, 703, 705, 707, 709, 744 routes.[129] [130]

DeCamp Bus Lines provided service on the 33 and 66 routes to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan, until discontinuing its commuter routes in April 2023.[131]

In popular culture

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Clifton include:

External links

Notes and References

  1. Kuperinsky, Amy. "'The Jewel of the Meadowlands'?: N.J.'s best, worst and weirdest town slogans", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, January 22, 2015. Accessed July 12, 2016. "Clifton, in Passaic County, is 'The City That Cares.' The first version of the slogan was 'A City That Cares,' says Mayor Jim Anzaldi, but why not go for gold?"
  2. https://www.state.nj.us/dca/home/2023mayors.pdf 2023 New Jersey Mayors Directory
  3. https://www.cliftonnj.org/155/City-Manager City Manager
  4. https://www.cliftonnj.org/154/City-Clerk City Clerk
  5. Web site: ArcGIS REST Services Directory. United States Census Bureau. October 11, 2022. February 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230213081535/https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE%3D%2734%27&outFields=NAME%2CSTATE%2CPLACE%2CAREALAND%2CAREAWATER%2CLSADC%2CCENTLAT%2CCENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json. live.
  6. https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_cousubs_34.txt 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places
  7. https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/dmograph/est/mcd/density.xlsx Population Density by County and Municipality: New Jersey, 2020 and 2021
  8. 885188. City of Clifton. March 5, 2013.
  9. https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990
  10. http://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupResultsAction!input.action?resultMode=0&city=clifton&state=NJ Look Up a ZIP Code for Clifton, NJ
  11. http://www.state.nj.us/infobank/njzips.htm Zip Codes
  12. http://www.area-codes.com/search.asp?frmNPA=&frmNXX=&frmState=NJ&frmCity=Clifton Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Clifton, NJ
  13. https://www.census.gov U.S. Census website
  14. https://mcdc.missouri.edu/applications/geocodes/?state=34 Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey
  15. http://geonames.usgs.gov US Board on Geographic Names
  16. Levin, Jay. "Living in Clifton, N.J.: Where a Lot of Little Worlds Commingle", The New York Times, March 14, 2018. Accessed May 24, 2023. "There are multiple ways to commute to their jobs in Manhattan, some 15 miles away.... Buses provide Clifton transit commuters the most direct way to Manhattan: From Route 3, it is a straight shot to the Lincoln Tunnel."
  17. https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2020/2020%20pl94%20Tables/2020_PL94_Summary/Table_1_2020.xlsx Table1. New Jersey Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships: 2020 and 2010 Censuses
  18. https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2010/2010data/table7cm.xls Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010
  19. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2023/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2023-ANNRNK.xlsxAnnual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places of 20,000 or More, Ranked by July 1, 2023 Population: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023
  20. Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 209. Accessed March 16, 2012.
  21. http://www.state.nj.us/infobank/njzips.htm Zip Codes
  22. Web site: Overmyer . Steve . Clifton, New Jersey in the top 15 on list of the most livable cities in the nation . CBS New York . 2023-06-22 . 2023-08-12 . August 12, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230812065250/https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/clifton-new-jersey-placed-in-the-top-15-on-a-list-of-the-most-livable-cities-in-the-nation/ . live .
  23. Gicas, Tony. "Clifton celebrates 100 years of history, change", The Record, April 26, 2017. Accessed December 27, 2022. "City historical documents show that a community has lived on land comprising present-day Clifton since 1679 when an Indian sachem named Captahem gifted Hans Frederick a deed for 11,000 acres on the shores of the Passaic River. Inspired by the Native American word Haquequenunk, the area was known as Acquackanonk Township from 1693 until 1917. During its early days, portions of what is now Paterson, Woodland Park, Little Falls and the entirety of Passaic fell within Acquackanonk borders."
  24. [Frank J. Prial|Prial, Frank J.]
  25. Fagan, Matt. "What's going there? In Clifton, former Ploch's Garden Center is becoming a storage center", The Record, November 22, 2020. Accessed May 24, 2023. "The former Ploch's Garden Center, which for decades sold items such as garden soil and fresh eggs, is growing girder by girder into a multistory storage facility. ... The plan to replace the garden center with a 5,496-square-foot mini-mart and eight-pump gas station was denied because city zoning doesn't allow more than one use on any property. In the summer of 2018, the city's zoning board approved the new plan for the self-storage facility."
  26. https://www.citygreenonline.org/the-farm-eco-center-clifton The Farm Eco-Center Clifton, NJ
  27. Fagan, Matt. "Clifton's Richfield Farms developer withdraws plan", The Record, June 11, 2018. Accessed May 24, 2023. "Fans and neighbors of Richfield Farms can breathe a sigh of relief, as the beloved 100-plus-year-old farm stand and garden center appears to be keeping its farm intact, at least for now. ... Richfield Mews, the developer that applied to subdivide roughly half the 4.75-acre Richfield Farms site for town homes, has pulled the application before the city zoning board. ... The family's local history began in 1917, when Leenhardt Van Breeman emigrated from Holland. He opened a farm stand and sold produce, and for decades family members grew lettuce, corn and tomatoes to sell in Newark and New York's Hunts Point Market."
  28. http://www.state.nj.us/infobank/localnames.txt Locality Search
  29. Allora, Michael. Understanding the Relationship Between the Clifton Fire, Homeland Security Digital Library. Accessed June 1, 2023. "There is a large Orthodox Jewish community that borders the Cities of Clifton and Passaic, NJ. The Orthodox Jewish community in Clifton is concentrated in the Rosemawr Section. The Orthodox Jewish community is concentrated within an area surrounded by the Passaic/Clifton Eruv (See Appendix A)."
  30. https://global.mapit.mysociety.org/area/838008/touches.html Areas touching Clifton
  31. http://chnj.njpn.org/passaic-county/ Passaic County Map
  32. https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/gis/maps/polnoroads.pdf New Jersey Municipal Boundaries
  33. Web site: New Jersey: 1990 . June 20, 2024.
  34. Web site: P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Clifton city, New Jersey. United States Census Bureau . January 26, 2024.
  35. Web site: P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Clifton city, New Jersey . United States Census Bureau . January 26, 2024.
  36. Web site: P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Clifton city, New Jersey . United States Census Bureau . January 26, 2024.
  37. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0600000US3403113690 DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Clifton city, Passaic County, New Jersey
  38. Lipman, Harvy; and Sheingold, Dave. "North Jersey sees 30% growth in same-sex couples", The Record, August 14, 2011, backed up by the Internet Archive as of February 3, 2013. Accessed August 21, 2014.
  39. http://censtats.census.gov/data/NJ/1603413690.pdf Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Clifton city
  40. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF1/DP1/1600000US3413690 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 – Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Clifton city, New Jersey
  41. http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genealogyInfo.php?locIndex=18633 Clifton, NJ Ancestry & Family History
  42. [Peter Applebome|Applebome, Peter]
  43. http://www.mallsandoutlets.com/malls/clifton-commons-clifton-nj-mall/ Clifton Commons
  44. Tangel, Andrew. "Old Linens 'n Things HQ sold; Paramus group pays $6M in cash", The Record, August 21, 2010. Accessed June 14, 2012. "A real estate investment fund that has been snapping up distressed commercial properties at steep discounts has made another purchase: the former Clifton headquarters of bankrupt housewares company Linens 'n Things."
  45. Web site: Weasel Brook Park . See Passaic County, New Jersey . June 7, 2023 . April 5, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230405234729/https://seepassaiccounty.org/explore/parks/weasel-brook-park/ . live .
  46. Web site: Morris Canal in Passaic County . . June 7, 2023 . June 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230607130144/https://canalsocietynj.org/img/brochures/Passaic%20County%20Greenway%20Brochure%202020.pdf . live .
  47. https://njdatabook.rutgers.edu/sites/njdatabook.rutgers.edu/files/documents/inventory_of_municipal_forms_of_government_in_new_jersey.pdf Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey
  48. 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, April 2006, p. 165.
  49. https://njdatabook.rutgers.edu/sites/njdatabook.rutgers.edu/files/documents/forms_of_municipal_government_in_new_jersey_9220.pdf#page=9 "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey"
  50. Gicas, Tony. "Clifton elections officially changed to November", Clifton Journal, December 13, 2013. Accessed February 10, 2014. "After months of passionate debate and an overwhelming vote of confidence from City voters on a non-binding referendum last month, the municipal council officially moved its election date from May to November.... After months of passionate debate and an overwhelming vote of confidence from City voters on a non-binding referendum last month, the municipal council officially moved its election date from May to November."
  51. Greenberg, Adam. "Anzaldi wins historic sixth term as mayor in Clifton", The Record, May 11, 2010. Accessed January 13, 2013. "James Anzaldi, the city's longest-serving mayor, finished strong in Tuesday's election, taking both a ninth City Council term and an unprecedented sixth term as mayor, as the election's top vote-getter."
  52. https://www.cliftonnj.org/101/Council City Council
  53. https://www.cliftonnj.org/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/150 2022 Municipal Data Sheet
  54. https://www.passaiccountynj.org/home/showpublisheddocument/1938/637667926512370000#page=67 Passaic County 2021 Directory
  55. http://www.passaiccountynj.org/Election%20Results/2018/Official%20Results%20-%202018%20General%20Election%20-Summary.pdf November 6, 2018 Summary Report Passaic County Official Results
  56. Web site: Clifton City Council sticks with tradition in naming its first new mayor in 32 years . 2023-01-05 . North Jersey Media Group . en-US . January 4, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230104022822/https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/passaic/clifton/2023/01/04/clifton-nj-ray-grabowski-mayor-top-vote-getter/69775910007/ . live .
  57. http://www.northjersey.com/story/news/passaic/clifton/2024/02/06/clifton-nj-chris-damato-fill-lauren-murphys-council-seat/72491327007//2024/02/06/clifton-nj-chris-damato-fill-lauren-murphys-council-seat/72491327007/
  58. Web site: 2023-01-03 . Surprising Twist to Clifton's Mayoral Selection as Some Leave Tradition Behind The Clifton Times . 2023-01-05 . thecliftontimes.com . en . January 5, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230105202450/https://thecliftontimes.com/g/clifton-nj/n/137753/surprising-twist-cliftons-mayoral-selection-some-leave-tradition-behind . live .
  59. http://www.northjersey.com/story/news/passaic/clifton/2024/02/06/clifton-nj-chris-damato-fill-lauren-murphys-council-seat/72491327007/
  60. Tedeschi, Bruno. "Richard Stockinger, Longtime Clifton Gop Stalwart", The Record, March 25, 1996. Accessed August 21, 2014. "Mr. Stockinger won his City Council seat in a special election in November 1992 after the death of Councilman George Bayeaux."
  61. McGrath, Mary. "Municipal Elections At A Glance", The Record, November 6, 1996. Accessed August 21, 2014. "Democrat Edward Welsh, vice chairman of the Planning Board, won a landslide victory Tuesday in the race for the City Council seat left vacant after the death of Richard Stockinger in March."
  62. Kindergan, Ashley. "Clifton Council fills vacant seat", The Record, November 14, 2006. Accessed August 21, 2014. "The City Council tapped Matthew Ward, the runner-up in May's municipal elections, to fill a vacant seat on Monday night."
  63. Keller, Karen. "Clifton -- Election 2007: Municipal Results", The Record, November 7, 2007. Accessed August 21, 2014. "Incumbent Matthew Ward won a special election Tuesday to complete an unexpired term on the City Council, beating three challengers."
  64. Gicas, Tony. "Joe Cupoli appointed to Clifton Council", Clifton Journal, March 27, 2015. Accessed August 13, 2015. "The City's municipal government unanimously voted to return a former Council member to the dais and fill the empty seat left after last month's death of Councilman Matt Grabowski. On Saturday, during a public budget meeting, officials voted 6-0 to appoint former Councilman Joe Cupoli, who finished eighth in last November's general election, to the Council. In the event of a Clifton Council member's death, the empty seat is traditionally filled by the eighth-place finisher of the previous election.
  65. http://www.passaiccountynj.org/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/409 November 3, 2015 Summary Report Passaic County Official Results
  66. Green, Jeff. "New Clifton council member carries on for his late brother", The Record, November 13, 2015. Accessed March 29, 2016. "Newly elected Ray Grabowski was sworn into office after a decisive victory in last week's municipal election, carrying on in that seat in the wake of his brother Matt's death early this year. Grabowski takes over for Joe Cupoli, who was appointed to the seat in March following the former councilman's death."
  67. Web site: Fagan . Matt . Clifton appoints Chris D'Amato to fill Lauren Murphy's council seat . North Jersey Media Group . February 6, 2024.
  68. https://www.nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/2012-congressional-districts/njcd-2011-plan-components-county-mcd.pdf Plan Components Report
  69. https://pub.njleg.gov/publications/pdf/2023-NJ-Leg-District-Map.pdf Municipalities Sorted by 2023-2031 Legislative District
  70. Web site: District Map . March 28, 2023 . October 1, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231001135641/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/New_Jersey_Legislative_Districts_Map_%282023%29.svg/1081px-New_Jersey_Legislative_Districts_Map_%282023%29.svg.png . live .
  71. Web site: Wildstein . David . 2022-02-07 . Here are the two first submissions for legislative redistricting . 2023-04-03 . New Jersey Globe . en-US . April 3, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230403205237/https://newjerseyglobe.com/redistricing/here-are-the-two-first-submissions-for-legislative-redistricting/ . live .
  72. http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/election-results/2011-passaic-co-summary-report.pdf Voter Registration Summary - Passaic
  73. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTP7.ST16?slice=GEO~0400000US34 GCT-P7: Selected Age Groups: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision; 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey
  74. Web site: Passaic County presidential election results, 2020 . March 15, 2023 . March 15, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315162635/https://www.passaiccountynj.org/home/showpublisheddocument/4584/637716218074530000 . live .
  75. Web site: 2016 Presidential Election Results, Passaic County, NJ . February 27, 2023 . February 27, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227004811/https://nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/2016/2016-gen-elect-presidential-results-passaic.pdf . live .
  76. Web site: Presidential General Election Results - November 6, 2012 - Passaic County . March 15, 2013 . New Jersey Department of Elections . December 24, 2014.
  77. Web site: Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 6, 2012 - General Election Results - Passaic County . March 15, 2013 . New Jersey Department of Elections . December 24, 2014 . December 26, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141226084652/http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/2012-results/2012-ballotscast-passaic.pdf . live .
  78. http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/election-results/2008-gen-elect-presidential-results-passaic.pdf 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Passaic County
  79. http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/election-results/2004-presidential_passaic_co_2004.pdf 2004 Presidential Election: Passaic County
  80. Web site: Passaic County gubernatorial results, 2021 . March 15, 2023 . March 15, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315162634/https://nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/2021/2021-general-election-results-governor-passaic.pdf . live .
  81. Web site: "Majority of voters plan on voting in-person on Election Day" . March 15, 2023 . March 15, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315162635/https://newjerseyglobe.com/polling/majority-of-voters-plan-on-voting-in-person-on-election-day/ . live .
  82. Web site: 2017 Gubernatorial Election Results, Passaic County, NJ . February 27, 2023 . February 27, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227004810/https://nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/2017/2017-general-election-results-governor-passaic.pdf . live .
  83. Web site: Governor - Passaic County . January 29, 2014 . New Jersey Department of Elections . December 24, 2014 . September 24, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924134022/http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/2013-results/2013-general-election-results-governor-passaic.pdf . live .
  84. Web site: Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Passaic County . January 29, 2014 . New Jersey Department of Elections . December 24, 2014 . September 24, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924133317/http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/2013-results/2013-general-election-ballotscast-passaic.pdf . live .
  85. http://www.njelections.org/election-results/2009-governor_results-passaic.pdf 2009 Governor: Passaic County
  86. https://www.straussesmay.com/seportal/Public/DistrictPolicy.aspx?policyid=0110&id=2b9d196f55974703a9977486cb1cc6ba Clifton Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification
  87. https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/districtsearch/district_detail.asp?Search=2&details=1&ID2=3403300&DistrictID=3403300 District information for Clifton Public School District
  88. https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_list.asp?Search=1&DistrictID=3403300 School Data for the Clifton Public Schools
  89. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/11 Clifton Early Learner Academy
  90. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/12 School One
  91. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/13 School Two
  92. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/14 School Three
  93. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/15 School Four
  94. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/16 School Five
  95. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/17 School Eight
  96. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/18 School Nine
  97. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/19 School Eleven
  98. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/20 School Twelve
  99. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/21 School Thirteen
  100. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/22 School Fourteen
  101. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/23 School Fifteen
  102. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/24 School Sixteen
  103. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/25 School Seventeen
  104. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/9 Christopher Columbus Middle School
  105. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/10 Woodrow Wilson Middle School
  106. https://www.clifton.k12.nj.us/Domain/8 Clifton High School
  107. https://www.passaiccountynj.org/home/showpublisheddocument/5352/637889869177500000#page=14 Passaic County 2021-22 Public School Directory
  108. https://rc.doe.state.nj.us/selectreport/2022-2023/31/0900 School Performance Reports for the Clifton School District
  109. https://homeroom6.doe.state.nj.us/directory/school/districtid/0900 New Jersey School Directory for the Clifton Public Schools
  110. Alex, Patricia. "Clifton High's 'mosh pit' -- Thousands of teens converge in hallway gridlock", The Record, December 6, 2006. Accessed March 29, 2016. "Clifton High School, circa 1962, is the largest single high school in the state. Only Elizabeth High School has more students, but they are spread out over five campuses."
  111. Gicas, Tony. "Clifton High annex nearly ready", The Record, July 14, 2009. Accessed August 21, 2014. "The Clifton High School annex building, a lightning rod for controversy since its approval in 2004, is complete and almost ready to be occupied.... The $17 million school at 290 Brighton Road, in the renovated former Mayer Textile building, will hold about 540 of the total 850 freshmen expected to be enrolled for classes in September."
  112. Web site: About – Classical Academy Charter School. October 26, 2020. en-US. October 29, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201029235707/http://classicalacademy.org/about/. live.
  113. Staff. "Classical Academy makes mathematics count", Clifton Journal, March 18, 2011. Accessed July 13, 2012. "Classical Academy Charter School of Clifton, a 2008 National Blue Ribbon School of Excellence, participated for the first time in the Mathcounts regional school competition."
  114. http://www.patdioschools.org/passaic-county Passaic County Schools
  115. Fagan, Matt. "Clifton's St. Andrew School's closing is a betrayal, parents say", The Record, May 2, 2018. Accessed February 3, 2020. "Clifton — St. Andrew school parents are angry. Back in March, they say, the Diocese of Paterson told them they had a year to get the school's enrollment up. Then, on Monday, they were told via text message and email that the school would close its doors in June — for good.... On Monday afternoon, the bad news officially came in the form of a text and an email. It said, in part, 'After careful review of the financials of the church and school, as well as the low number of registrations, we cannot sustain the school.'"
  116. Fagan, Matt. "St. Brendan Catholic School in Clifton to close, merge with St. James in Totowa", The Record, June 5, 2019. Accessed February 3, 2020. "Clifton — St. Brendan Catholic School in Clifton, which first opened its doors in 1946, will close them for good at the end of the academic year. The Paterson Diocese announced the school closing in a merger with the Academy of St. James in Totowa beginning in the fall. The closing school's students – 182 this year – will have the opportunity to join the 192 who attend St. James, which will be renamed The Academy of St. James and St. Brendan, said Mary Baier, superintendent of the diocese schools."
  117. http://www.cliftonpolice.org/ Home Page
  118. Web site: 'Trial by fire': Clifton's new police chief takes over amid pandemic, nationwide protests . September 12, 2023 . April 8, 2023 . https://archive.today/20230408181500/https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/passaic/clifton/2020/06/15/cliftons-nj-new-police-chiefs-first-day-job-came-two-weeks-before-coronavirus-crisis/5342645002/ . bot: unknown .
  119. https://www.cliftonnj.org/174/Fire-Department Fire Department
  120. http://www.hatzolahpassaic.net/about.html About
  121. http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/mileage_Passaic.pdf Passaic County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction
  122. http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/00000444__-.pdf#page=25 Garden State Parkway Straight Line Diagram
  123. http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/our-roadways.html Travel Resources: Interchanges, Service Areas & Commuter Lots
  124. http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=TrainStationLookupFrom&selStation=29 Clifton station
  125. http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=TrainStationLookupFrom&selStation=33 Delawanna station
  126. http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=MNBN Main/Bergen-Port Jervis Line
  127. http://kearnyalumni.com/showimage.html?listingid=795 Newark Branch Timetable
  128. https://evogov.s3.amazonaws.com/media/20/media/1297.pdf Master Plan for the Township of Nutley, Essex County, NJ
  129. Web site: Passaic County Bus / Rail Connections . July 26, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100726183341/http://www.njtransit.com/sf/sf_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=BusRoutesPassaicCountyTo . July 26, 2010 ., NJ Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of July 26, 2010. Accessed July 13, 2012.
  130. http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/bus/Passaic_County_Map.pdf Passaic County System Map
  131. Katzban, Nicholas. "Public officials scramble to fill gaps in bus service left by DeCamp's impending departure", The Record, March 22, 2023. Accessed April 8, 2023. "Elected officials are scurrying following the announcement from DeCamp Bus Lines that the company will permanently halt its longtime commuter service into New York City on April 7, ending a faltering but still advantageous alternative for riders in remote neighborhoods underserved by NJ Transit.... Meanwhile, many more commuters in Clifton, Verona, the Caldwells, Roseland, Kearny, West Orange, Rutherford, Lyndhurst, Roseland, North Arlington and Harrison ― all of which are served by one state-run train stop (or none at all) ― could find themselves in newly abandoned transit deserts with long schleps to bus, rail or PATH stations."
  132. Beckerman, Jim. "All The World's A Set: Movie Mania Hits N.J.", The Record, May 18, 1996. Accessed December 10, 2008.
  133. Pezzano, Chuck. "Rizzuto enjoyed a big role in bowling; Sport attractive to baseball figures.", The Record, August 20, 2007. "Rizzuto-Berra Bowling Lanes in Clifton, originally owned by Rizzuto and fellow icon Yogi Berra, was a favorite bowling spot for more than 40 years before giving way to a bank of shopping center stores."
  134. Gicas, Tony. "Sybase golf classic is back on, it just won't be in Clifton", Clifton Journal, January 28, 2010. Accessed December 18, 2011. "The Sybase Classic, the premier women's professional golf tournament in the metropolitan area will return in time for the LPGA's 2010 season after it was pulled from the schedule in November, but not to Clifton where it was held the past three years. On Tuesday, Octagon and Sybase, Inc. announced the Sybase Match Play Championship will be held at Hamilton Farm Golf Club in Gladstone, from May 20 to 23."
  135. Model, Eric. "Paterson enjoys a rich baseball history", NewJerseyNewsroom.com, May 25, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2012. "In fact, baseball great Honus Wagner is said to have started his pro baseball career in Paterson before reaching big leagues. Proof can be found in a place no less significant than the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, where a Honus Wagner 'Paterson' uniform is on display."
  136. Spadora, Brian. "Reporting from the Gates of Hell - ghostly claim to fame called bunk", The Record, October 23, 2017. Accessed May 24, 2023. "It is not clear how old the tunnels are or how long they have been a destination for daring (or bored) teens, said Rowan. But he said mischievous activity picked up around the Gates of Hell after a recent book recounted some of the lore surrounding the site. The book, Weird N.J.: Your Travel Guide to New Jersey's Local Legends and Best Kept Secrets, was published in 2003 by the creators of a magazine of the same name."
  137. Bank, Irving A. "Orange embraces Alford, its NY Giant", The Star-Ledger, February 10, 2008. Accessed February 4, 2011. "Hope now takes the form of turkey sandwiches and strawberry-frosted doughnuts -- and whenever Alford makes the quick drive down the Parkway from his home in Clifton for some of his grandmother's home cooking."
  138. Blank, Matthew. "Playbill.com's Cue & A: Born Yesterday Tony Nominee Nina Arianda", Playbill, June 7, 2011. Accessed November 14, 2012. "Name: Nina Arianda. Where you were born/where you were raised: Born in Manhattan. Raised in Clifton, NJ, and Heidelberg, Germany."
  139. http://www.posteaglenewspaper.com/25644-2/ "Icon FC Will Host Stal Mielec of Poland This Saturday In Clifton, NJ"
  140. Cowen, Richard. "Judge William Bate dies", The Record, January 30, 2011. Accessed September 16, 2015. "Mr. Bate, a lifelong Clifton resident who previously served in the state Legislature and on the Passaic County Board of Chosen Freeholders, was in the midst of his fifth term as surrogate."
  141. Cotter, Kelly-Jane. "Jersey Girl has starring role in Project Almanac", Asbury Park Press, January 27, 2015. Accessed September 17, 2018. "Clifton's Sofia Black D'Elia stars in sci-fi thriller Project Almanac.... A graduate of Clifton High School, D'Elia might be recognizable to soap opera fans through her breakthrough role as Bailey Wells on All My Children."
  142. http://www.soccertimes.com/americans/list.htm Americans Playing Abroad
  143. Jablow, Paul. "Course on Press and the Presidency Perfectly Timed", Temple University, February 22, 2017, backed up by the Internet Archive as of October 5, 2017. Accessed January 5, 2023. "A native of Clifton, N.J., Brewster grew up in Indiana and graduated from Indiana University."
  144. https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/C/CarrRu20.htm Russ Carroccio Stats
  145. [Selwyn Raab|Raab, Selwyn]
  146. [Frank DeCaro|DeCaro, Frank]
  147. [Dan Barry (reporter)|Barry, Dan]
  148. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000505 Dow Henry Drukker
  149. Fagan, Matt. "Peter Eagler, a former Clifton councilman, assemblyman, freeholder, dies at age 69", The Record, May 13, 2024. Accessed May 14, 2024. "Eagler was born in Clifton and raised in Garfield, then moved back to Clifton, Zecker said."
  150. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/69787576/lew-erber-coach-player-dies-at-55/ "Lew Erber, coach, player, dies at 55"
  151. http://www.northjersey.com/arts_entertainment/137252193_New_on_DVD_this_week.html "New on DVD this week"
  152. https://www.thenewsherald.com/news/detroit-u-s-district-judge-john-feikens-dies-at-93/article_9c4b9b67-7d5a-5915-ad71-44f3097b9e3a.html "Detroit: U.S. District Judge John Feikens dies at 93"
  153. Kearnan, Scott. DJ Profiles: Hector Fonseca, Noizemag. Accessed March 16, 2012. "Well before he became one of the hottest (musically and physically) members of the global club scene, Fonseca grew up just eight miles west of New York City. He could see the Empire State Building from his window while growing up. Clifton, N.J., may be just across the Hudson River, but it's a world away from the Big City."
  154. Woolis, Chris. "Clifton's Garrett leads Kean football to Division III postseason", Clifton Journal, November 25, 2011. Accessed July 9, 2015. "Kean University head coach Dan Garrett is a 1992 graduate of Clifton High School.... 'I felt much more comfortable at linebacker than on the line,' said Garrett who grew up in Clifton's Athenia Section and attended School #13."
  155. Greatorex, Susan."Clifton's Geld makes beautiful music on Broadway", Herald News, May 29, 1975. Accessed October 8, 2022, via Newspapers.com. "Broadway owes Clifton High School a note of thanks. On second thought, make that two notes and musical ones, please.... Geld left Clifton High School to study business administration at college."
  156. [Christopher Lehmann-Haupt|Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher]
  157. https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/H/HollBo00.htm Bob Holly Stats
  158. James, Barbara. "'Let's Go Jay!' Interviewing Mets Maven Jay Horwitz", The Clifton Times, June 17, 2023. Accessed July 18, 2024. "Clifton resident Jay Horwitz is Vice President of Media Relations for the New York Mets, an organization he's been with since 1980.... The family moved to Clifton when Jay was a young child. He attended School One, Christopher Columbus Middle School, and Clifton High School, part of the first graduating class at the new building in 1963."
  159. Lustig, Jay. "Tommy James tells all: The glorious highs and little-known dark side of a hit-filled career", The Star-Ledger, September 5, 2010. Accessed October 2, 2016. "James was born in Dayton, Ohio, and grew up in South Bend, Ind., Monroe, Wis., and Niles, Mich. He moved to New York in '66, and New Jersey in 1973. He has been in Cedar Grove for about 10 years, having previously lived in Clifton."
  160. News: Johnson . Mark . Goodby and thank you . Milwaukee Journal Sentinel . September 16, 2001 . Milwaukee, Wisconsin . 01A.
  161. Washburn, Lindy. "Invincible Karin battles the odds", The Record, November 4, 1984. Accessed July 12, 2020. "This year's Clifton High School homecoming queen, a 17-year-old senior named Karin Korb, seems to have everything going for her everything, that is, except use of her legs.... Miss Korb lives with her parents, Hedwig and Robert, and her older sister, Simone, on Caroline Drive."
  162. Hague, Jim. Wojtek Krakowiak - 2009-10 Profile of the Week, Rutgers-Newark Scarlet Raiders. Accessed September 30, 2018. "But the family decided to leave Poland and seek a better life in the United States, setting their sights on Clifton, where other family members already resided."
  163. http://drkevinpecca.com/the-path-of-no-resistance-with-garret-kramer/ "The Path of No Resistance with Garret Kramer"
  164. http://rutgersnewarkathletics.com/coaches.aspx?rc=625 2016 Men's Soccer Coaching Staff - Stan Lemryk
  165. Daidone, Angela. "Bringing women's stories to life", Clifton Journal, October 23, 2009. Accessed May 24, 2020. "'Nellie Bly was a gutsy woman who did not want to be stuck in a traditional woman's role of writing about the flower show for the society pages,' said Macy, a Clifton native who now lives in Englewood."
  166. Ratish, Robert. "Pharmacy Graduate Pledges $5m Shot In Arm For Rutgers -- School To Be Renamed For Former Clifton Man", The Record, December 16, 2001. Accessed May 13, 2007.
  167. Spiewak, Anna. "Convenience, location make Clifton the right spot", The Record, January 6, 2008. Accessed May 28, 2008. "Several personalities also hail from Clifton, including psychologist and author of numerous works on cognitive behavior therapy Michael Adams, Italian-American soccer player Giuseppe Rossi, former New York Jets lineman Dave Szott, movie director Ronald F. Maxwell and David Chase, creator of The Sopranos."
  168. https://www.nwhl-cetaceans.com/442090119 "The Whale's Own Jersey Girls"
  169. Stanmyre, Matthew. "NJ's Matt Miazga, Red Bulls rookie, living dream from mom and dad's at 19", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, August 28, 2014. Accessed March 23, 2015. "Miazga, 19, is half-teenager, half-pro athlete. He lives at home in Clifton with his parents, surrounded by lifelong friends who are starting college, and he also juggles a budding pro career with the Red Bulls — one heaped with enormous responsibilities for the 6-3, 185-pound defensive back."
  170. https://www.listennotes.com/fr/podcasts/the-rialto-report/nyc-starlets-part-3-an-6E18NHFt0Za/ "NYC Starlets – Part 3: An Afternoon with Geri Miller, Warhol Super-Groupie and Sexploitation Actress – Podcast 138"
  171. https://gozips.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/adam-najem/2222 Adam Najem
  172. http://www.newyorkredbulls.com/post/2016/05/19/new-york-red-bulls-ii-sign-david-najem "New York Red Bulls II Sign David Najem"
  173. http://www.oppymusic.com/bio.html Chris Opperman: Present-Day Composer
  174. Farrell, Sean. "DePaul girls soccer repeats as Passaic County champion", The Record, October 26, 2019. Accessed February 15, 2020. "The senior made a pact with close friend and fellow Clifton native Jazlyn Oviedo to build the Spartans into a winner. DePaul had never gone past the semifinal round until last season."
  175. [William Honan|Honan, William H.]
  176. http://www.hoyafootball.com/players/roster_1940.htm Georgetown Football: 1940 Roster
  177. http://www.virginiasports.com/sports/w-soccer/mtt/nikki_krzysik_216727.html Nikki Krzysik
  178. Bernstein, Adam for The Washington Post. "Michael J. Pollard, scene-stealing actor in 'Bonnie and Clyde,' dies at 80", Frederick News-Post, November 23, 2019. Accessed November 24, 2019. "The son of a bar manager, Michael John Pollack Jr. was born in Passaic, New Jersey, on May 30, 1939, and grew up in Garfield and Clifton, New Jersey. He changed his last name to Pollard."
  179. Lubasch, Arnold H. "Provenzano Is Convicted in Hotel‐Loan Kickback Case; Another Indictment Still Pending; Kickback or Interest Rate?; Jury Sequestered Throughout", The New York Times, March 26, 1978. Accessed January 13, 2020. "Mr. Provenzano served a prison Sentence and was barred from union office for five years because of a 1963 conviction for extortion. He lives in Clifton. N.J., and Hallandale, Fla."
  180. [Pamela Radcliff|Radcliff, Pamela]
  181. Web site: Norman M. Robertson . April 13, 2017 . bot: unknown . https://web.archive.org/web/19980225003832/http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/html98/robertso.htm . February 25, 1998 ., New Jersey Legislature, backed up by the Internet Archive as of February 22, 1998. Accessed May 29, 2010.
  182. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story?id=350666&root=us&cc=5901 My Country, 'Tis of Thee
  183. Gold, David. "Female Latin Pop Star To Frum Star – Miriam Sandler Left It All To Find It All", Vos Iz Neias?, June 29, 2009. Accessed August 19, 2016. "In 2001, the next major change occurred in Miriam's life when she met her husband and became Miriam Sandler, Jewish wife, homemaker and eventually, mother of three. The Sandlers settled down in Clifton, New Jersey, part of greater Passaic's Orthodox community, and Miriam threw herself into full-time Jewish life. Music was simply less important."
  184. Richardson, Kara L. "NJ actor eager to share WWII hero's story", Daily Record, September 18, 2007. Accessed February 4, 2011. "Seda, who grew up in Clifton and now lives in the Los Angeles area with his family, is on a break from filming The Pacific, a 10-hour HBO miniseries.
  185. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/99498849/obituary-for-james-p-shenton-aged-78/ "James P. Shenton, historical scholar at Columbia, at 78; Advised N.J. in Ellis Island case"
  186. Martino, Andy. "Police: Driver isn't gunman in Giants' Steve Smith robbery", New York Daily News, December 3, 2008. Accessed February 4, 2011. "At about 4 a.m. on Nov. 25, Smith was returning to his home in Clifton, N.J., when a man accosted him in front of his house, according to Detective Captain Robert Rowan of the Clifton Police Department."
  187. Blouse, Michael. "'Superfly' Jimmy Snuka could be coming to a wrestling match near you?", The Express-Times, January 23, 2010. Accessed May 31, 2014. "The premise: Snuka, 66 years old and a resident of Clifton, N.J., will be working random jobs with the cameras rolling and the footage will be made into a reality show. Got it, Brotha!?!?"
  188. Yardley, William. "William Staub, Engineer Who Built an Affordable Treadmill, Dies at 96", The New York Times, July 28, 2012. Accessed August 21, 2014. "Mr. Staub died on July 19 at his home in Clifton. He was 96. His sons say he was walking on one of his treadmills as recently as two months ago."
  189. Jacobs, Julie. "Harley birthday! 89-year-old N.J. woman still easy riding", Inside Jersey, March 16, 2015. Accessed January 18, 2018. "Struck stands just 5 feet tall, her long silver-gray hair in a ponytail, and on this Wednesday afternoon at her home in Clifton, she is bright-eyed and energetic, dressed comfortably in jeans and a light blue Motor Maids T-shirt."
  190. http://www.profootballarchives.com/szot00100.html Walt Szot
  191. http://www.nfl.com/teams/story/NYJ/5381909 Szott tears ACL in non-contact drill
  192. http://www.trinityfsem.com/docs/release-szott.pdf 15-Year NFL Veteran Dave Szott Joins Local Advisory Board
  193. [Margalit Fox|Fox, Margalit]
  194. Levin, Jay. "For former Clifton child prodigy, her humble world mattered most", The Record, February 21, 2010. Accessed March 4, 2016. "Carnegie Hall was atwitter as Patricia Travers — a 12-year-old from Clifton with brown curls and an angel's face — ascended the stage."
  195. https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/23/archives/paultroast-led-jersey-turnpike-authority-chairman-78-dies.html?_r=0 "Paul Troast, Led Jersey Turnpike"
  196. Aberback, Brian. "Hackensack native Joe Lynn Turner credits Bergen upbringing for his international music career", The Record, February 24, 2016. Accessed May 17, 2016. "Hackensack native Joe Lynn Turner says his prolific career as a solo artist, singer with the legendary English rock bands Deep Purple and Rainbow, and backing vocalist on albums by high-profile artists like Billy Joel can be traced to his Bergen County upbringing.... ' was drawn to rock-and-roll by melody, by the Beatles and Elvis Presley,' said Turner, who now lives in Clifton."
  197. Pedulla, Tom. "Tynes never lost confidence in his kicking or his family", USA Today, January 29, 2008. Accessed February 7, 2008. "Tynes' wife, watching by herself at their Clifton, N.J., home after putting the twins to bed, held a muted celebration."
  198. Gambuti, Steve. "Award Winning Author is a North Jersey Teacher", North Jersey Teacher, August 4, 2014. Accessed August 21, 2014. "[Q] Were you educated in the Clifton school system? [A] Indeed. I grew up in Clifton and am happy to still be teaching in district."
  199. [Andrew Jacobs (journalist)|Andrew Jacobs]
  200. Pertkiewicz, T. Julian. "Clifton's mayors speak", Clifton Journal, June 19, 2015. Accessed July 28, 2016. "The mayors are Gerald H. Zecker (1978–1982), Gloria Kolodziej (1982–1990) and current Mayor James Anzaldi, whose term of office ends Dec. 31, 2018.... Mayor Zecker, you became mayor of Clifton at the age of 36, what were your goals at that time?"
  201. Kramer, Peter D. "Steven Spielberg's West Side Story Maria on stage in Lodi this weekend", The Record, April 11, 2019. Accessed July 18, 2019. "Friday was big for Clifton's Rachel Zegler."

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