Clerodendrum trichotomum explained

Clerodendrum trichotomum, the harlequin glorybower, glorytree or peanut butter tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan, India, and the Philippines.[1]

It is a large deciduous shrub, growing 3m-6mm (10feet-20feetm) high. The leaves are ovate, up to 12cm (05inches) long, soft and downy or hairy, producing a peanut odor when crushed. The fragrant flowers are borne on branching peduncles. They have white petals, held within a green calyx which turns red as the fruits ripen. The fruits (drupes) are white, changing to bright blue and eventually dark blue on maturity.[2] They contain the novel blue pigment trichotomine.[3]

It is cultivated for its fragrant flowers, autumn colour, and ornamental berries. It is hardy but requires a sheltered position. The variety C. trichotomum var. fargesii (Farges' harlequin glorybower) and the cultivar C. trichotomum var. fargesii 'Carnival'[4] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5] (confirmed 2017).[6]

Etymology

Clerodendrum is derived from Greek, and means 'chance tree'.[7]

Trichotomum is also derived from Greek, and means 'three-forked' or 'triple-branched'.

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Book: Wearn. J.A.. Clerodendrum. Mabberley. D.J.. Bramley. G.L.C.. Flora Malesiana. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. 2019. 978-90-6519-019-2. Series I - Seed Plants. 23 - 2019. The Netherlands. 152.
  2. Book: RHS A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. 2008. Dorling Kindersley. United Kingdom. 978-1405332965. 1136.
  3. Iwadare S, Shizuri Y, Yamada K, Hirata Y. Synthesis of trichotomine, a blue pigment obtained from Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb. Tetrahedron. 1978; 34(10):1457-1459.
  4. Web site: Clerodendrum trichotomum var. fargesii 'Carnival' . RHS . 12 April 2020.
  5. Web site: Clerodendrum trichotomum var. fargesii . RHS . 12 April 2020.
  6. Web site: AGM Plants - Ornamental . July 2017 . 22 . Royal Horticultural Society . 24 January 2018.
  7. Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. (hardback), (paperback). p 111, 385