| Official Name: | Clayton Township |
| Settlement Type: | Township |
| Image Map1: | Map of Illinois highlighting Adams County.svg |
| Mapsize1: | 150px |
| Map Caption1: | Adams County's location in Illinois |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Illinois |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Adams |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | November 6, 1849 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 36.96 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 36.95 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.01 |
| Area Water Percent: | 0.03 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 958 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | auto |
| Elevation M: | 212 |
| Elevation Ft: | 696 |
| Coordinates: | 40.0603°N -90.9731°W |
| Timezone: | CST |
| Utc Offset: | -6 |
| Timezone Dst: | CDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -5 |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP codes |
| Postal Code: | 62320, 62324, 62339 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 17-001-14780 |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
Clayton Township is one of twenty-two townships in Adams County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 958 and it contained 474 housing units.[1]
Clayton Township is named for Kentucky statesman Henry Clay.[2]
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of, of which (or 99.97%) is land and (or 0.03%) is water.[3]
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)
The township contains six cemeteries: Evangelical Lutheran, Meints, Pleasant View, Sargent, South Side and West Side.
As of the 2020 census there were 958 people, 362 households, and 234 families residing in the township. The population density was 25.91PD/sqmi. There were 474 housing units at an average density of 12.82/mi2. The racial makeup of the township was 93.22% White, 1.04% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.63% from other races, and 4.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.36% of the population.
There were 362 households, out of which 22.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.58% were married couples living together, 12.71% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 35.36% were non-families. 31.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.49.
The township's age distribution consisted of 17.4% under the age of 18, 11.7% from 18 to 24, 19.5% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 23.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.6 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $43,750, and the median income for a family was $51,250. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $17,566 for females. The per capita income for the township was $24,300. About 16.2% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.3% of those under age 18 and 12.4% of those age 65 or over.