Clavin–Garcia equation explained

Clavin–Garcia equation or Clavin–Garcia dispersion relation provides the relation between the growth rate and the wave number of the perturbation superposed on a planar premixed flame, named after Paul Clavin and Pedro Luis Garcia Ybarra, who derived the dispersion relation in 1983.^[1] The dispersion relation accounts for Darrieus–Landau instability, Rayleigh–Taylor instability and diffusive–thermal instability and also accounts for the temperature dependence of transport coefficients.

Dispersion relation

Let

k and \sigma be the wavenumber (measured in units of planar laminar flame thickness \delta _{L} ) and the growth rate (measured in units of the residence time \delta ^{2 /D} _{T,u} of the planar laminar flame) of the perturbations to the planar premixed flame. Then the Clavin–Garcia dispersion relation is given by^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6]} a(k)\sigma ^{2} + b(k) \sigma + c(k) =0

where

\begin{align} a(k) & = (r +1)/(r) + (r -1)/(r) k \left( l{M} - (r)/(r -1) l{J}\right),\\ b(k) & = 2 k + 2 rk ^{2} ( l{M}- l{J}),\\ c(k) &= - (r -1)/(r) Ra k - (r -1 ) k ^{2\left[1} - (Ra)/(r) \left( l{M}- (r)/(r -1) l{J}\right)\right] + (r -1 ) k ^{3} \left[L + (3 r -1)/(r -1) l{M} - (2 r)/(r -1) l{J} + ( 2 Pr -1 ) l H\right], \end{align}

and

l{J} = \int ^{r} _{1} (λ (\theta))/(\theta) d\theta, l H = (1)/(r -1) \int ^{r} _{1} [L -λ (\theta)]d\theta.

Here

r = \rho _{u/\rho} _{b}	is the gas expansion ratio; ratio of burnt gas to unburnt gas density; typically r\in ( 2 , 8 ) ;
λ (\theta) = \rho D _{T/\rho} _{u} D _{T,u}	is the ratio of density-thermal conductivity product to its value in the unburnt gas;
\theta = T/T _{u}	is the ratio of temperature to its unburnt value, defined such that 1 \leq \theta \leq r ;
L = \rho _{bD} _{T,b} /\rho _{u} D _{T,u}	is the transport coefficient ratio, i.e., L \equiv λ (r)
l{M}	is the Markstein number;
Ra = g\delta ^{2} _{T,u}	is the Rayleigh number; Ra> 0 (gravity points towards burnt gas) and Ra< 0 (gravity points towards unburnt gas)
Pr = \nu _{u/D} _{T,u}	is the Prandtl number.

The function

λ (\theta) , in most cases, is simply given by λ = \theta ^{m} , where m =0 . 7 , in which case, we have L = r ^{m} ,l{J} = (1)/(m) (r ^{m-1),} l H = r ^{m} - (r ^{1+m} -1)/(( 1+ m)(r -1 )) .

In the constant transport coefficient assumption,

λ=1 , in which case, we havel{J} =ln r , l H = 0 .

See also

• Clavin–Williams formula

Notes and References

1. Clavin, P., & Garcia, P. (1983). The influence of the temperature dependence of diffusivities on the dynamics. Journal de Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée, 2(2), 245-263.
2. Searby, G., & Clavin, P. (1986). Weakly turbulent, wrinkled flames in premixed gases. Combustion science and technology, 46(3-6), 167-193.
3. Truffaut, J. M., & Searby, G. (1999). Experimental study of the Darrieus-Landau instability on an inverted-‘V’flame, and measurement of the Markstein number. Combustion science and technology, 149(1-6), 35-52.
4. Clavin, P., & Searby, G. (2016). Combustion waves and fronts in flows: flames, shocks, detonations, ablation fronts and explosion of stars. Cambridge University Press.
5. Matalon, M. (2018). The Darrieus–Landau instability of premixed flames. Fluid Dynamics Research, 50(5), 051412.
6. Al Sarraf, E., Almarcha, C., Quinard, J., Radisson, B., Denet, B., & Garcia-Ybarra, P. (2019). Darrieus–Landau instability and Markstein numbers of premixed flames in a Hele-Shaw cell. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 37(2), 1783-1789.