Clavelina Explained

Clavelina ("little bottle") is genus of sea squirts (the Ascidiacea), containing the following species:^[1]

• Clavelina amplexa Kott, 2002
• Clavelina arafurensis Tokioka, 1952
• Clavelina auracea Monniot, 1997
• Clavelina australis (Herdman, 1899)
• Clavelina baudinensis Kott, 1957
• Clavelina borealis Savigny, 1816
• Clavelina brasiliensis (Millar, 1977)
• Clavelina breve Monniot, 1997
• Clavelina coerulea Oka, 1934
• Clavelina concrescens Hartmeyer, 1924
• Clavelina cyclus Tokioka & Nishikawa, 1975
• Clavelina cylindrica (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)
• Clavelina dagysa (Kott, 1957)
• Clavelina dellavallei (Zirpolo, 1825)
• Clavelina detorta (Sluiter, 1904)
• Clavelina elegans (Oka, 1927)
• Clavelina enormis Herdman, 1880
• Clavelina fasciculata Van Name, 1945
• Clavelina fecunda (Sluiter, 1904)
• Clavelina gemmae Turon, 2005
• Clavelina huntsmani Van Name, 1931
• Clavelina kottae (Millar, 1960)
• Clavelina lepadiformis (Müller, 1776)
• Clavelina maculata Monniot & Monniot, 2001
• Clavelina meridionalis (Herdman, 1891)
• Clavelina michaelseni Millar, 1982
• Clavelina miniata Watanabe & Tokioka, 1973
• Clavelina minuta Tokioka, 1962
• Clavelina mirabilis Kott, 1972
• Clavelina moluccensis (Sluiter, 1904)
• Clavelina neapolitana Della Valle, 1881
• Clavelina nigra Kott, 1990
• Clavelina obesa Nishikawa & Tokioka, 1976
• Clavelina oblonga Herdman, 1880
• Clavelina oliva Kott, 1990
• Clavelina ossipandae Hasegawa & Kahijira, 2024
• Clavelina ostrearium (Michaelsen, 1930)
• Clavelina phlegraea Salfi, 1929
• Clavelina picta (Verrill, 1900)
• Clavelina polycitorella (Tokioka, 1954)
• Clavelina pseudobaudinensis (Kott, 1976)
• Clavelina puertosecensis Millar & Goodbody, 1974
• Clavelina robusta Kott, 1990
• Clavelina roseola Millar, 1955
• Clavelina sabbadini Brunetti, 1987
• Clavelina simplex Kott, 2006
• Clavelina steenbrasensis Millar, 1955
• Clavelina viola Tokioka & Nishikawa, 1976

Phylogeny

A 2024 study of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences found that Clavelina was paraphyletic to the genus Nephtheis.^[2]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Karen Sanamyan . Claude Monniot . amp . 2011 . Clavelina . Noa Shenkar . Arjan Gittenberger . Gretchen Lambert . Marc Rius . Rosana Moreira Da Rocha . Billie J. Swalla . Billie J. Swalla . Ascidiacea World Database . . June 25, 2011.
2. Hasegawa . Naohiro . Kajihara . Hiroshi . 2024 . Graveyards of Giant Pandas at the Bottom of the Sea? A Strange-Looking New Species of Colonial Ascidians in the Genus Clavelina (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) . 19 February 2024 . Species Diversity . 53–64 . 10.12782/specdiv.29.53. free .