| Claude-Louis Mathieu | |
| Birth Date: | 25 November 1783 |
| Birth Place: | Mâcon |
| Death Date: | 5 March 1875 |
| Death Place: | Paris |
| Nationality: | French |
| Field: | mathematics astronomy |
| Work Institutions: | Bureau des Longitudes |
| Known For: | distance of the stars |
| Prizes: | Lalande Prize (1808), (1815) |
Claude-Louis Mathieu (25 November 1783 in Mâcon - 5 March 1875 in Paris) was a French mathematician and astronomer who began his career as an engineer. He worked with the Bureau des Longitudes and tried to determine the distance of the stars.
Awarded the Lalande Prize twice, in 1808 and 1815.