Civil parishes in West Yorkshire explained

A civil parish is a subnational entity, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 101 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of West Yorkshire, most of the county being unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 557,369 people living in the parishes, accounting for 26.8 per cent of the county's population.

History

Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.^[1]

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.^[2]

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish.^[3] The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to poor law unions.^[4] The Public Health Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 79) grouped parishes into rural sanitary districts, based on the poor law unions; these subsequently formed the basis for rural districts.^[5]

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes,^[6] although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.^[7]

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into rural districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries.^[7] Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the urban district, municipal borough or county borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to poor law unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.^[8]

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former urban districts and municipal boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.^[9]

The current position

Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.^[10]

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution;^[9] and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown.^[9] The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor.^[9] The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.^[11]

List of civil parishes and unparished areas

Image	Name	Status	Population	District	Former local authority	Refs
		Civil parish	3,599			^[12] ^[13]
		Civil parish	16,363			^[14] ^[15] ^[16]
		Town	15,883			^[17]
		Unparished area	248,037			^[18]
		Civil parish	6,755			^[19] ^[20] ^[21]
		Civil parish	8,270			^[22] ^[23] ^[24]
		Civil parish				^[25]
		Civil parish	2,759			^[26]
		Town	2,976			^[27]
		Civil parish	1,915			^[28]
		Civil parish				^[29]
		Civil parish	13,828			^[30]
		Town	51,429
		Civil parish	4,371
		Civil parish	2,476
		Unparished area	9,702			^[31] ^[32]
		Civil parish	2,399			^[33]
		Town	24,741			^[34] ^[35] ^[36]
		Town	7,999			^[37]
		Civil parish	4,277
		Community	17,184			^[38] ^[39]
		Civil parish	4,312			^[40]
		Civil parish	6,729			^[41]
		Civil parish	935			^[42] ^[43]
		Unparished area	36,219			^[44] ^[45]
		Unparished area	19,763			^[46] ^[47]
		Civil parish	194
		Unparished area	76,870			^[48] ^[49]
		Town	9,092			^[50]
		Civil parish	1,448
		Civil parish	6,412			^[51]
		Unparished area	4,821			^[52]
		Unparished area	20,254			^[53] ^[54]
		Civil parish	3,178			^[55] ^[56]
		Town	14,941			^[57]
		Civil parish	1,456
		Unparished area	47,083			^[58] ^[59]
		Unparished area	22,765			^[60] ^[61]
		Civil parish	14,982			^[62] ^[63]
		Unparished area	51,077			^[64] ^[65]
		Unparished area	10,651			^[66] ^[67]
		Civil parish	25,049			^[68]
		Unparished area	121,140			^[69] ^[70]
		Civil parish	23,986			^[71]
		Town	8,089			^[72]
		Town	18,621			^[73]
		Unparished area	45,124			^[74] ^[75]
		Civil parish	1,059			^[76] ^[77]
		Unparished area	25,909 (excluding Rawdon)			^[78] ^[79]
		Civil parish	3,948
		Civil parish	9,129			^[80] ^[81]
		Unparished area	15,458			^[82] ^[83]
		Civil parish	561			^[84]
		Civil parish	65
		Civil parish	2,385			^[85]
		Civil parish	5,120
		Civil parish	4,006
		Civil parish	1,715
		Civil parish	3,400
		Civil parish	169
		Civil parish	1,641
		Civil parish	2,967
		Civil parish	5,147			^[86] ^[87]
		Civil parish	1,224
		Unparished area	15,128			^[88] ^[89]
		Civil parish	5,708
		Civil parish	1,449
		Civil parish	3,854
		Town	18,928			^[90]
		Civil parish	10,120			^[91]
		Civil parish	162
		Unparished area	400			^[92]
		Unparished area	425,093			^[93] ^[94]
		Civil parish	230
		Civil parish	1,852
		Town	27,738
		Town	14,124			^[95]
		Civil parish	87
		Civil parish	1,785
		Unparished area	45,013			^[96] ^[97]
		Civil parish	6,461			^[98] ^[99]
		Unparished area	32,365			^[100] ^[101]
		Civil parish	1,153
		Civil parish	1,864
		Civil parish	417
		Civil parish	3,530
		Civil parish	1,503
		Civil parish	1,123
		Civil parish	217
		Town	11,155
		Civil parish	40
		Civil parish	6,493			^[102] ^[103]
		Civil parish	583
		Unparished area	37,302			^[104] ^[105]
		Civil parish	66			^[106]
		Civil parish	9,189
		Civil parish	5,978
		Civil parish	1,308			^[107]
		Civil parish	191
		Town	14,175			^[108]
		Civil parish	2,103
		Town	13,311			^[109]
		Civil parish	97
		Unparished area	9,695			^[110] ^[111]
		Civil parish	90
		Unparished area	13,503			^[112] ^[113]
		Civil parish	0
	Normanton and Altofts^[114]	Town	19,949			^[115]
		Civil parish	880
		Unparished area	21,076			^[116] ^[117]
		Unparished area	28,250			^[118] ^[119]
		Civil parish	2,628
		Civil parish	2,756
		Civil parish	5,718
		Town	6,107
		Civil parish	1,667
		Town	10,979
		Unparished area	30,776			^[120] ^[121]
		Civil parish	659
		Civil parish
		Unparished area	56,588			^[122] ^[123]
		Civil parish	3,377
		Civil parish	844
		Civil parish
		Civil parish	546
		Civil parish	29
		Unparished area	50
		Civil parish	575

See also

• List of civil parishes in England

External links

• Office for National Statistics : Geographical Area Listings
• City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council : Parish and Town Councils
• Calderdale Council : A Guide to Council Services : Parish and Town Councils
• Kirklees Council : Parish and Town Councils : Contact Your Local Council
• Leeds City Council : List of Town and Parish Council Clerks
• Wakefield Council : Town and Parish Contacts and Inspection Details

Notes and References

1. Angus Winchester, 2000, Discovering Parish Boundaries. Shire Publications. Princes Risborough, 96 pages
2. http://www.racfoundation.org/files/British%20Highways%20Development%20Before%20Motorways.pdf RAC Foundation : What Went Wrong? British Highway Development Before Motorways
3. http://www.victorianweb.org/history/poorlaw/plintro.html The Victorian Web : The Poor Law : Introduction
4. http://www.staffs.ac.uk/schools/humanities_and_soc_sciences/census/unions.htm Staffordshire University : Poor Law Unions and Registration Districts
5. https://web.archive.org/web/20070810205704/http://vision.edina.ac.uk/types/status_page.jsp?unit_status=RSD A Vision of Britain Through Time : Status Details for Rural Sanitary District
6. Robert Tittler, The Reformation and the Towns in England, 1998, Oxford University Press, 395 pages,
7. http://homepages.newnet.co.uk/dance/webpjd/offstats/regevents.htm Modern British Surnames : Selected Events in the History of Civil Registration and Boundary Changes 1801-1996
8. Alex MacMorran and T R Colquhoun Dill, The Local Government Act 1894 and the Subsequent Statutes Affecting Parish Councils, 1907, Butterworth and Co, London, 626 pages
9. http://www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/RevisedStatutes/Acts/ukpga/1972/cukpga_19720070_en_1 Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government Act 1972
10. http://www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1997/ukpga_19970029_en_1 Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Rating Act 1997
11. http://www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts2007/ukpga_20070028_en_1 Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
12. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10108627&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Skipton Rural District
13. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/viewFullDataset.do?instanceSelection=03070&productId=779&$ph=60_61&datasetInstanceId=3070&startColumn=1&numberOfColumns=8&containerAreaId=790269 Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Bradford
14. https://archive.today/20121224054908/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002631&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Baildon Urban District
15. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
16. http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2007/pdf/uksi_20070147_en.pdf Office of Public Sector Information : The Bradford (Parish Electoral Arrangements) Order 2007
17. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
18. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
19. https://archive.today/20121224123836/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10153499&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ilkley Urban District
20. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
21. http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/55322/BradfordParishElectoralArrangements.pdf Office of Public Sector Information : The Bradford (Parish Electoral Arrangements) Order 2006
22. https://archive.today/20121224091730/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10220440&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Bradford County Borough
23. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
24. http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/localgovernment/pdf/151840.pdf Office of Public Sector Information : The Bradford (Parishes) Order 2004
25. https://archive.today/20121224073618/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002540&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Keighley Municipal Borough
26. https://archive.today/20121224070302/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026740&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Bingley Urban District
27. https://archive.today/20120915094917/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10041442&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Denholme Urban District
28. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
29. https://archive.today/20121224073618/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002540&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Keighley Municipal Borough
30. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
31. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10166871&c_id=10001043 a Vision of Britain Through Time : Queensbury and Shelf Urban District
32. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
33. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
34. https://archive.today/20121224201921/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026465&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Shipley Urban District
35. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
36. Web site: Shipley. Ordnance Survey. 8 July 2020.
37. https://archive.today/20120915100517/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10086693&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Silsden Urban District
38. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
39. http://www.bradford.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/79AE9ED0-5EC3-43E0-8A7B-5B629E627E7B/0/TridentEstablishmentOrder.pdf Bradford City Council : The Bradford (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order 2009
40. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
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43. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/viewFullDataset.do?instanceSelection=03070&productId=779&$ph=60_61&datasetInstanceId=3070&startColumn=1&numberOfColumns=8&containerAreaId=790270 Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Calderdale
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48. https://archive.today/20120917161108/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026635&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Halifax County Borough
49. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
50. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026349&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hebden Royd Urban District
51. https://archive.today/20121224191049/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136118&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ripponden Urban District
52. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
53. https://archive.today/20121224184059/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026477&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Sowerby Bridge Urban District
54. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
55. https://archive.today/20121224085407/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002280&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Elland Urban District
56. https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E34001907 Local Area Report for Holywell Green Built-up area
57. https://archive.today/20121224074307/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10000518&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Todmorden Municipal Borough
58. https://archive.today/20120915113723/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10081555&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Batley Municipal Borough
59. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
60. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002254&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Colne Valley Urban District
61. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
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63. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/viewFullDataset.do?instanceSelection=03070&productId=779&$ph=60_61&datasetInstanceId=3070&startColumn=1&numberOfColumns=8&containerAreaId=790271 Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Kirklees
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68. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10097502&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Holmfirth Urban District
69. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10166937&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Huddersfield County Borough
70. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
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72. https://archive.today/20121224094345/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10000506&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Meltham Urban District
73. https://archive.today/20120914171521/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136076&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Mirfield Urban District
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96. Web site: Pudsey MB/UD. www.visionofbritain.org.uk. 5 May 2017.
97. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
98. Web site: Bulletin of change to local authority arrangements, areas and names in England. Local Government Boundary Commission for England. 17 March 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180112042609/https://www.lgbce.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/23098/Bulletin-of-changes-to-local-authority-arrangements-v3-FINAL.pdf. 12 January 2018. dead. dmy-all.
99. Web site: Rawdon. City Population De.. 15 August 2022.
100. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10055131&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Rothwell Urban District
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102. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10034401&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hemsworth Rural District
103. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/viewFullDataset.do?instanceSelection=03070&productId=779&$ph=60_61&datasetInstanceId=3070&startColumn=1&numberOfColumns=8&containerAreaId=790273 Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Wakefield
104. https://archive.today/20121224212326/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002242&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Castleford Municipal Borough
105. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
106. https://archive.today/20121224153507/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10153542&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wakefield Rural District
107. https://archive.today/20121224190301/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002345&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Osgoldcross Rural District
108. https://archive.today/20121224195738/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10000580&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Featherstone Urban District
109. https://archive.today/20121224064641/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10055120&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hemsworth Urban District
110. https://archive.today/20121224203720/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10084350&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Horbury Urban District
111. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
112. https://archive.today/20121224085317/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10042434&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Knottingley Urban District
113. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
114. Web site: The City of Wakefield Metropolitan District Council (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order 2023. Wakefield Council. 4 August 2024.
115. https://archive.today/20121224160359/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136088&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Normanton Urban District
116. https://archive.today/20120914143609/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026647&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ossett Municipal Borough
117. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
118. https://archive.today/20121224084326/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10042549&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Pontefract Municipal Borough
119. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
120. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10023786&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Stanley Urban District
121. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population
122. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136313&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wakefield County Borough
123. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/home.do Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population